28 results match your criteria: "Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center[Affiliation]"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to compare the effectiveness and side effects of two chemotherapy regimens, paclitaxel and carboplatin (PC), against bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) in treating newly diagnosed or recurrent ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST).
  • In a phase II trial involving 63 patients, the analysis showed that PC did not meet the criteria for being as effective as BEP, with a median progression-free survival of 27.7 months for PC compared to 19.7 months for BEP.
  • Although PC had fewer serious adverse events (77% vs. 90%), the study concluded that it failed to demonstrate non-inferiority to BE
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Article Synopsis
  • Scientists are working on a new treatment for patients with B-cell lymphoma using special vaccines made from unique proteins called idiotype monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which are made just for each patient.
  • They created a type of cell that can produce these mAbs using a special RNA vector, allowing them to make a lot of the protein needed for the vaccine.
  • Tests showed that the mice vaccinated with these mAbs from the new system did just as well at fighting tumors and lived longer than those that didn't get the vaccine, suggesting this method could be a fast way to create personalized treatments for lymphoma.
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Tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with survival in solid malignancies. Given the physiological link to peripheral immune cell counts, we evaluated if peripheral immune cell counts were predictors of outcomes in endometrial cancer. A retrospective study was completed for endometrial cancer cases between 2000 and 2010.

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Companion animal models of neurological disease.

J Neurosci Methods

February 2020

Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Brain Tumor Center of Excellence, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical Center Blvd, NRC 405, Winston Salem, NC, 27157, USA. Electronic address:

Clinical translation of novel therapeutics that improve the survival and quality of life of patients with neurological disease remains a challenge, with many investigational drug and device candidates failing in advanced stage clinical trials. Naturally occurring inherited and acquired neurological diseases, such as epilepsy, inborn errors of metabolism, brain tumors, spinal cord injury, and stroke occur frequently in companion animals, and many of these share epidemiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical features with their human counterparts. As companion animals have a relatively abbreviated lifespan and genetic background, are immunocompetent, share their environment with human caregivers, and can be clinically managed using techniques and tools similar to those used in humans, they have tremendous potential for increasing the predictive value of preclinical drug and device studies.

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Although antioxidants promote melanoma metastasis, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in other stages of melanoma progression is controversial. Moreover, genes regulating ROS have not been functionally characterized throughout the entire tumor progression in mouse models of cancer. To address this question, we crossed mice-bearing knock-out of Klf9, an ubiquitous transcriptional regulator of oxidative stress, with two conditional melanocytic mouse models: Braf mice, where Braf causes premalignant melanocytic hyperplasia, and Braf/Pten mice, where Braf and loss of Pten induce primary melanomas and metastases.

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The combination of standard-dose chemotherapy and immunotherapy has been shown to be beneficial for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with good performance status (PS). However, treatment options for patients with poor PS are limited. In the present study, the feasibility and immunological effects of low-dose chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel combined with immunotherapy with pembrolizumab were examined in patients with metastatic NSCLC and a poor PS.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary malignant brain cancer that invariably results in a dismal prognosis. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy have not been completely effective as standard treatment options for patients due to recurrent disease. We and others have therefore developed molecular strategies to specifically target interleukin 13 receptor alpha 2 (IL13RA2), a GBM restricted receptor expressed abundantly on over 75% of GBM patients.

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Organizational structures of healthcare organizations has increasingly become a focus of medical research. In the CAFÉ project we aim to provide a web-service enabling ontology-driven comparison of the organizational characteristics of trauma centers and trauma systems. Trauma remains one of the biggest challenges to healthcare systems worldwide.

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Phase III open-label randomized study of cytarabine in combination with amonafide L-malate or daunorubicin as induction therapy for patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia.

J Clin Oncol

April 2015

Richard M. Stone, Emanuele Mazzola, and Donna Neuberg, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Ante S. Lundberg, Antisoma, Cambridge, MA; Steven L. Allen, Hofstra North Shore-Long Island Jewish School of Medicine, Lake Success; Meir Wetzler, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo; Martin S. Tallman, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Arnaud Pigneux, Hopital Haut-Leveque, Pessac, France; Robert K. Stuart, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC; David Rizzieri, Duke University Medical Center, Durham; Bayard Powell, Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston Salem, NC; Harry P. Erba, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI; Lloyd Damon, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Jun-Ho Jang, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea; Krzysztof Warzocha, Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology, Warsaw, Poland; Támas Masszi, Szent Istvan and Szent Laszlo Corporate Hospital, Budapest; Miklos Egyed, Kaposi Mor County Teaching Hospital, Kasposvar, Hungary; Mikkael A. Sekeres, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH; Heinz-August Horst, Universitatsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany; Dominik Selleslag, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Sint-Jan, Brugge, Belgium; Scott R. Solomon, Blood and Marrow Transplant Program and Northside Hospital, Atlanta, GA; and Parameswaran Venugopal, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.

Purpose: Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML), defined as AML arising after a prior myelodysplastic syndrome or after antineoplastic therapy, responds poorly to current therapies. It is often associated with adverse karyotypic abnormalities and overexpression of proteins that mediate drug resistance. We performed a phase III trial to determine whether induction therapy with cytarabine and amonafide L-malate, a DNA intercalator and non-ATP-dependent topoisomerase II inhibitor that evades drug resistance mechanisms, yielded a superior complete remission rate than standard therapy with cytarabine and daunorubicin in sAML.

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The efficacy of the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Didox in preclinical models of AML.

PLoS One

July 2015

Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Hematology and Oncology, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America; Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignancy which leads to marrow failure, and ultimately death. There is a desperate need for new therapeutics for these patients. Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is the rate limiting enzyme in DNA synthesis.

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Weight Loss Intervention in Survivors of ER/PR-negative Breast Cancer.

Clin Med Insights Womens Health

July 2014

Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. ; Wake Forest University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

Numerous studies have found that increased body size (weight or body mass index) is a risk factor for breast cancer development, recurrence, and death. The detrimental relationship between body size and breast cancer recurrence may be more pronounced among women with estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR)-negative breast cancer. Considering the limited availability of treatments, and the association between body size and recurrence, alternative treatments are needed for ER/PR-negative breast cancer survivors, particularly overweight survivors.

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Article Synopsis
  • * A study investigated the use of the synthetic vitamin D analog paricalcitol alongside taxane-based chemotherapy for women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to assess safety and feasibility.
  • * Results showed that paricalcitol was well-tolerated with no significant hypercalcemia, and 83% of participants completed eight weeks of therapy, indicating it is a safe option during chemotherapy for MBC patients.
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The incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) increases with age. Older AML patients, generally defined by age > or = 60 years, have worse treatment outcomes than younger patients. While selected older patients can benefit from standard therapies, as a group they experience greater treatment-related toxicity, lower remission rates, shorter disease-free survival times, and shorter overall survival times.

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Purpose Of Review: New therapies are needed for hormone refractory prostate cancer. Promising new treatments specifically target metastatic disease in the bone, the predominant site of spread in prostate cancer. Recent advances in the understanding of the biology of the tumor-bone microenvironment are leading to the development of new bone-targeted therapies.

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Introduction: The safety of dose-escalated thoracic radiation concurrent with gemcitabine in patients with inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer has not been studied.

Patients And Materials: The maximal tolerated dose of 35 mg/m twice-weekly gemcitabine and concurrent standard thoracic radiation was established in a previous phase Ia trial. In this study, a second patient cohort (phase Ib) received twice-weekly gemcitabine concurrent with three-dimensional dose-escalated thoracic radiation (60-74 Gy) after two cycles of induction chemotherapy: gemcitabine (1000 mg/m) day 1 and 8 and carboplatin (area under the curve 5.

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Purpose: Determine the safety and efficacy of twice weekly gemcitabine and concurrent radiation to the upper abdomen followed by weekly gemcitabine in patients with surgically staged, locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Patients with surgically staged, locally advanced, nonmetastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas were treated with intravenous gemcitabine administered twice weekly (40 mg/m2/d) for 5 wk concurrent with upper abdominal radiation (50.4 Gy in 180 cGy daily fractions over 5.

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Helicobacter pylori have been causally linked to primary gastric B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. Antibiotic therapy to eradicate H. pylori has been shown to induce remission of such lymphoma.

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According to the REAL classification, CD30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma of the skin is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by an indolent clinical course. Mycosis fungoides are predominantly small cells with cerebriform nuclei and propensity to infiltrate the epidermis or epidermotropism. CD30+ lymphoid cells are not generally observed in mycosis fungoides except in late or terminal stage.

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4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is a highly reactive lipid aldehyde byproduct of the peroxidation of cellular membranes. The structure of HNE features three functional groups, a C1 aldehyde, a C2==C3 double bond, and a C4- hydroxyl group, each of which may contribute to the toxicity of the compound. In addition, the length of the aliphatic chain may influence toxic potency by altering lipophilicity.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is activated to AFB1-8,9-oxide (AFBO), a potent mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolite of AFB1. In the mouse, AFBO has been shown to be most efficiently detoxified by a specific isozyme of alpha-class glutathione S-transferase (GST), mGSTA3-3 (mGST-Yc). A hamster V79 cell line (V79MZr2B1, originally designated V79/SD1) previously transfected with the rat cytochrome P450-2B1 was stably transfected with an mGSTA3-3 expression vector, to study the chemopreventive role of GST in protecting against cytotoxicity or genotoxicity of AFBO.

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The (+)-anti enantiomer of benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9, 10-epoxide (BPDE) is a potent mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolite of benzo[a]pyrene (BP), and a major fraction is conjugated with glutathione in vivo. The chemopreventive role of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in protecting against covalent modification of DNA and other cellular macromolecules by BPDE was modeled in human T47D and MCF-7 cell lines previously stably transfected with human GSTpi1 (hGSTP1). Cells were exposed to [3H]BPDE (30-600 nM).

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Expression of class 3 aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) has been associated with acquired or inherent resistance to oxazaphosphorine (OAP) antineoplastic alkylating agents (eg. cyclophosphamide). We previously demonstrated that expression of transfected rat ALDH-3 can confer OAP-specific resistance in human MCF-7 cells (Bunting, K.

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