An expert consensus statement on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies.

Biomarkers of ageing serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address this need by establishing an expert consensus on biomarkers of ageing for use in intervention studies via the Delphi method.

The metabolome of male and female individuals with knee osteoarthritis is influenced by 18-months of weight loss intervention: the IDEA trial.

Background: The Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) trial was a randomized trial conducted to evaluate the effects of diet and exercise on osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form of arthritis. Various risk factors, including obesity and sex, contribute to OA's debilitating nature. While diet and exercise are known to improve OA symptoms, cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these interventions, as well as effects of participant sex, remain elusive.

The Well-being Coaching Program: An Innovative Approach to Support and Empower Healthcare Workers.

Healthcare workers globally grapple with escalating stress and burnout. This article explores the Well-being Coaching Program (WBCP), designed to boost healthcare worker well-being. The WBCP focuses on Self-leadership using the Compassion, Presence, and Recovery framework.

Effects of a physical activity intervention on perceived stress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms in older adults: A secondary analysis of the LIFE Study.

Background: Engaging in physical activity is critical for maintaining well-being in older adults, particularly those at heightened risk for mobility disability. We assessed the effects of a physical activity (PA) intervention on perceived stress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms compared to a health education (HE) program in older adults with mobility challenges and evaluated differential effects of the interventions among those with the poorest self-rated mental health at baseline.

Methods: Secondary data analysis of the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study, a single-blinded, parallel randomized controlled trial conducted between February 2010 and December 2013.

Sex-specific cardiovascular adaptations to simulated microgravity in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Men and women have different cardiovascular responses to spaceflight; however, few studies have focused on direct comparisons between sexes. We investigated the mechanisms of aortic stiffening in socially and sexually mature 20-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to hindlimb unloading (HLU) for 14 days. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was greater in the aortic arch of females after HLU versus control females (n = 6-8).

Higher Circulating ACE2 and DPP3 but Reduced ACE and Angiotensinogen in Hyperreninemic Sepsis Patients.

Sepsis and septic shock are global healthcare problems associated with high mortality rates.  Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an early event in sepsis and elevated renin may be predictive of worse outcomes.  In a subset of sepsis patients enrolled in the Vitamin C, Thiamine, and Steroids in Sepsis (VICTAS) trial, active renin (median value > 189 pg/mL or 5.

Tumor characteristics, treatments, and oncological outcomes of prostate cancer in men aged ≤60 years: real-world data from a single urological center over a 10-year period.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) has emerged as one of the most common malignancies among men globally. However, its pathogenesis, clinical features, and treatment responses in younger patients (aged 60 years or below) remain underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the distinctive clinical features, treatment strategies, and oncological outcomes of PCa in men aged 60 years or younger over a 10-year period at a single urological center.

Increasing environmental fluctuations can dampen variability of endogenously cycling populations.

Understanding how populations respond to increasingly variable conditions is a major objective for natural resource managers forecasting extinction risk. The lesson from current modelling is clear: increasing environmental variability increases population abundance variability. We show that this paradigm fails to describe a broad class of empirically observed dynamics, namely endogenously driven population cycles.

Development, validation and recalibration of a prediction model for prediabetes: an EHR and NHANES-based study.

Background: A prediction model that estimates the risk of elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was developed from electronic health record (EHR) data to identify adult patients at risk for prediabetes who may otherwise go undetected. We aimed to assess the internal performance of a new penalized regression model using the same EHR data and compare it to the previously developed stepdown approximation for predicting HbA1c ≥ 5.7%, the cut-off for prediabetes.

Increasing Diversity in the Nutrition, Obesity, and Diabetes Biomedical Workforce: The BRIDGES Consortium.

Scientists from diverse backgrounds are underrepresented in academia. This lack of diversity impedes scientific discovery and innovation. Underrepresented (UR) scientists tend to conduct research on issues relevant to underrepresented populations, including chronic disease prevention and management, and health disparities.

eEF2K regulates pain through translational control of BDNF.

mRNA translation is integral to pain, yet the key regulatory factors and their target mRNAs are unclear. Here, we uncover a mechanism that bridges noxious insults to multiple phases of translational control in murine sensory neurons. We find that a painful cue triggers repression of peptide chain elongation through activation of elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K).

Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus) display selective behaviors while foraging bromeliads (Puya spp.) in high elevation puna grasslands.

Andean bears (Tremarctos ornatus) forage extensively on bromeliads (Puya spp.) across their range, although their selectivity for bromeliads is less understood. We report on foraging activity by Andean bears on two species of bromeliad, Puya leptostachya and Puya membranacea, in high elevation puna grasslands (3499-3806 m.

Advancements in Immunity and Dementia Research: Highlights from the 2023 AAIC Advancements: Immunity Conference.

The immune system is a key player in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. While brain resident immune cell-mediated neuroinflammation and peripheral immune cell (eg, T cell) infiltration into the brain have been shown to significantly contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, the nature and extent of immune responses in the brain in the context of AD and related dementias (ADRD) remain unclear. Furthermore, the roles of the peripheral immune system in driving ADRD pathology remain incompletely elucidated.

Erratum: Withdrawal notice to: "Elevated GABAergic neurotransmission prevents chronic intermittent ethanol induced hyperexcitability of intrinsic and extrinsic inputs to the ventral subiculum of female rats" [Neurobiol. Stress 32 (2024) 100665].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.

Shiftwork and leisure-time physical inactivity (LTPI) among U.S. workers.

Physical inactivity may exacerbate the adverse health effects associated with shift work. We investigated the association of shift work with leisure-time physical inactivity (LTPI). A cross-sectional analysis included 33 983 adults from National Health Interview Survey who self-reported their work schedule and leisure-time physical activity.

Chemical engineering of CRISPR-Cas systems for therapeutic application.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology has transformed molecular biology and the future of gene-targeted therapeutics. CRISPR systems comprise a CRISPR-associated (Cas) endonuclease and a guide RNA (gRNA) that can be programmed to guide sequence-specific binding, cleavage, or modification of complementary DNA or RNA. However, the application of CRISPR-based therapeutics is challenged by factors such as molecular size, prokaryotic or phage origins, and an essential gRNA cofactor requirement, which impact efficacy, delivery and safety.

CPX-351 plus gemtuzumab ozogamicin for relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia: a University of California Hematologic Malignancies Consortium trial.

In this multicenter phase Ib trial, we investigated the combination of CPX-351 and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cohort A received CPX-351 plus a single dose of GO, while cohort B received two doses of GO. Thirteen participants received investigational treatment.

Clinical Decision-Making and Process Complications During Anticipated Difficult Airway Management for Elective Surgery.

Background: Difficult airway management (DAM) is a challenging aspect of anesthetic care. Although nearly all DAM episodes result in successful intubation, complications are common and clinical decision-making may be complex. In adults with anticipated DAM scheduled for nonemergent surgery, we prospectively observed clinical decisions made during DAM such as awake/sedated versus anesthetized, choice of initial and subsequent devices, case cancellation/postponement, conversions between awake and anesthetized approaches, and process complications such as multiple intubation/supraglottic airway (SGA) insertion attempts, difficult bag-mask ventilation (BMV), hypoxemia, and cardiovascular destabilization.

Activation and Functionalization of the Uranyl Ion by Electrochemical Reduction.

Interconversion of the oxidation states of uranium enables separations and reactivity schemes involving this element and contributes to technologies for recycling of spent nuclear fuels. The redox behaviors of uranium species impact these processes, but use of electrochemical methods to drive reactions of molecular uranium complexes and to obtain molecular insights into the outcomes of electrode-driven reactions has received far less attention than it deserves. Here, we show that electro-reduction of the uranyl ion (UO) can be used to promote stepwise functionalization of the typically unreactive oxo groups with exogenous triphenylborane (BPh) serving as a moderate electrophile, avoiding the conventional requirement for a chemical reductant.