Prophylactic paclitaxel-eluting stent placement does not improve covered femoropopliteal stent patency.

Objective: Covered stents are an important tool in managing femoropopliteal peripheral arterial disease. However, their performance is impaired by edge neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis. We examined the effectiveness of prophylactic deployment of paclitaxel-eluting stents to prevent edge restenosis.

Prospective analysis of stroke recognition, stroke risk factors, thrombolysis rates and outcomes in Indigenous Australians from a large rural referral hospital.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death and disability in indigenous communities but limited prospective data exist about stroke.

Aims: To estimate the difference in stroke recognition, risk factors, treatment rates and outcomes between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples admitted to the Wagga Wagga Rural Referral Hospital (WWRRH) over a 5-year period with a suspected acute stroke.

Methods: All suspected strokes presenting to the 33 peripheral hospitals within the Murrumbidgee Local Health District (MLHD) were transferred to the WWRRH and prospectively assessed over a 5-year period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2017.

Patterns of infection following transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate in a regional New South Wales Centre.

Objective: To determine the rates, severity and patterns of resistance in patients presenting with post-transrectal ultrasound infection in a regional centre in New South Wales, Australia.

Design: A single-centre retrospective review from August 2013 until August 2017.

Setting: Murrumbidgee Local Health District, New South Wales.

Asthmatic children from lower-income families are less likely to own an individualised asthma action plan.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between indicators of socio-economic status (SES) and prescription of a paediatric individualised asthma action plan (IAAP), as well as compliance with that plan.

Methods: Between May and September 2017, parents/carers of children aged 2-16 years who presented with acute respiratory symptoms and a prior diagnosis of asthma to the emergency department at one regional and one metropolitan hospital in NSW, Australia, were invited to participate in a questionnaire-based study.

Results: A total of 175 eligible participants were identified, of which 113 completed the questionnaire.

Postoperative critical care and high-acuity care provision in the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand.

Background: Decisions to admit high-risk postoperative patients to critical care may be affected by resource availability. We aimed to quantify adult ICU/high-dependency unit (ICU/HDU) capacity in hospitals from the UK, Australia, and New Zealand (NZ), and to identify and describe additional 'high-acuity' beds capable of managing high-risk patients outside the ICU/HDU environment.

Methods: We used a modified Delphi consensus method to design a survey that was disseminated via investigator networks in the UK, Australia, and NZ.

Tramadol as an adjunct to intra-articular local anaesthetic infiltration in knee arthroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Arthroscopic knee surgery is a common technique used in Australia. Post-operative pain is common and can lead to delayed discharge and impair early mobilization. Use of local anaesthesia can reduce pain while avoiding systemic side effects.

Advanced airway management in out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the difference in survival and neurological outcomes between endotracheal tube (ETT) intubation and supraglottic airway (SGA) devices used during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: A systematic search of five databases was performed by two independent reviewers until September 2018. Included studies reported on (1) OHCA or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and (2) endotracheal intubation versus supraglottic airway device intubation.

Simulated patient and role play methodologies for communication skills training in an undergraduate medical program: Randomized, crossover trial.

Background: Educators utilize real patients, simulated patients (SP), and student role play (RP) in communication skills training (CST) in medical curricula. The chosen modality may depend more on resource availability than educational stage and student needs. In this study, we set out to determine whether an inexpensive volunteer SP program offered an educational advantage compared to RP for CST in preclinical medical students.

Managing Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction with Water-Soluble Contrast Should Be Protocolized: A Retrospective Analysis.

 Current literature emphasizes the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) and water-soluble contrast agent, Gastrografin, in the investigation of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO). As there is no management protocol for ASBO at our institution, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of imaging methods-CT, Gastrografin challenge (GC), or plain-film X-ray-on patient outcomes in a clinical setting.  All 163 emergency presentations of ASBO during the study period between December 2010 and September 2012 were collected retrospectively.

Rapid "epiretinal membrane" development following intravitreal bevacizumab for Coats' disease.

Purpose: To report a case of rapid "epiretinal membrane" ("ERM") development following intravitreal bevacizumab for juvenile Coats' disease.

Observations: A 7-year old boy was followed for four years with asymptomatic stage 2 Coats' disease in his left eye. At age 11, he developed symptomatic cystoid macular edema.

A rural perspective on minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: optimal preoperative imaging and patient outcomes.

Background: Our retrospective review of prospectively collected data evaluated the efficacy of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) and compared preoperative imaging modalities in a rural referral centre.

Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism underwent surgeon-performed ultrasound (SUS) and technetium-99 m sestamibi (MIBI). Radiologist-performed ultrasound (RUS) was sought when the diagnosis remained in doubt.

RETRACTED: Sublingual buprenorphine versus intravenous or intramuscular morphine in acute pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).

Current management of adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Small bowel obstruction is a common and significant surgical presentation. Approximately 30% of presentations will require surgery during admission. The great challenge of adhesive small bowel obstruction (ASBO) management is the early detection of silent intestinal ischaemia in patients initially deemed suitable for conservative therapy.

Efficacy and adverse effects of buprenorphine in acute pain management: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Buprenorphine appears to have a ceiling effect on respiratory depression, but not analgesia in healthy young patients. However, the efficacy and side-effects of buprenorphine in the setting of acute pain are poorly characterized. The aim of this study was to characterize the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of buprenorphine compared with morphine in the acute pain setting.

Intra-articular Alpha-2 Agonists as an Adjunct to Local Anesthetic in Knee Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The infiltration of local anesthetic has been shown to reduce postoperative pain in knee arthroscopy. Several studies have shown that the addition of agents such as magnesium and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) result in an increased time to first analgesia and overall reduction in pain. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine whether the addition of an α-2 agonist (A2A) to intra-articular local anesthetic, results in a reduction in postoperative pain.

The Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric (OSCAR) for anterior approach ptosis surgery.

Purpose: The International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) is currently developing a series of standardized, internationally validated, teaching tools for key ophthalmic surgical procedures called the Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubrics (OSCARs). This study aims to develop an OSCAR for anterior approach ptosis surgery.

Methods: An international panel of content experts, representing Australia, India, Iran, Italy, Turkey, UK, and the USA was established and worked to develop the rubric using a range of online collaboration tools.

POPPER MACULOPATHY: LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP AND CASE SERIES.

Purpose: To report a case series of popper maculopathy.

Methods: Clinical history, examination findings, retinal imaging, and progress of the disease are described.

Results: Four male patients with a mean age of 37 years (range 25-48) and different duration of popper use (ranging from first time user to chronic user) presented with central scotomata, phosphenes, or photophobia.

Antiarrhythmics in Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: It is widely accepted that antiarrhythmics play a role in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) universally, but the absolute benefit of antiarrhythmic use and the drug of choice in advanced life support remains controversial.

Aim: To perform a thorough, in-depth review and analysis of current literature to assess the efficacy of antiarrhythmics in advanced life support.

Material And Methods: Two authors systematically searched through multiple bibliographic databases including CINAHL, SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline(Ovid) and the Cochrane Clinical Trials Registry.

Apnoeic oxygenation during intubation in the intensive care unit: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Hypoxaemia increases the risk of cardiac arrest and mortality during intubation. The reduced physiological reserve and reduced efficacy of pre-oxygenation in intensive care patients makes their intubation particularly dangerous. Apnoeic oxygenation is a promising means of preventing hypoxaemia in this setting.