The invasome of Salmonella Dublin as revealed by whole genome sequencing.

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin is a zoonotic infection that can be transmitted from cattle to humans through consumption of contaminated milk and milk products. Outbreaks of human infections by S. Dublin have been reported in several countries including high-income countries.

Supplement 2008-2010 (no. 48) to the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme.

This supplement (no. 48) of the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme reports on the characterization of 63 new Salmonella serovars and 25 new variants of previously described Salmonella serovars recognized by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella between 2008 and 2010. Forty-four new serovars were assigned to Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, 12 to subspecies salamae, two to subspecies arizonae, two to subspecies diarizonae and three to subspecies houtenae.

Targeting relaxase genes for classification of the predominant plasmids in Enterobacteriaceae.

Plasmids are the main vectors of antimicrobial drug resistance and virulence genes, especially in Enterobacteriaceae. Identification and classification of plasmids is essential for analysis of their distribution. The most widely used typing method is PCR-based replicon typing (PBRT).

International spread of an epidemic population of Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky ST198 resistant to ciprofloxacin.

National Salmonella surveillance systems from France, England and Wales, Denmark, and the United States identified the recent emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates of Salmonella enterica serotype Kentucky displaying high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin. A total of 489 human cases were identified during the period from 2002 (3 cases) to 2008 (174 cases). These isolates belonged to a single clone defined by the multilocus sequence type ST198, the XbaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster X1, and the presence of the Salmonella genomic island 1 variant SGI1-K.

Supplement 2002 (no. 46) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 18 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 2002 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 12 were assigned to S. enterica subspecies enterica, 2 to subspecies salamae, 2 to subspecies diarizonae, 1 to subspecies houtenae and 1 to S. bongori.

Supplement 2001 (no. 45) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 22 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 2001 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 14 were assigned to S. enterica subspecies enterica, 2 to subspecies salamae, 1 to subspecies arizonae, 4 to subspecies diarizonae and 1 to subspecies indica.

Supplement 2000 (no. 44) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 12 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 2000 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: nine were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, two to subspecies salamae, and one to subspecies diarizonae.

Supplement 1999 (no. 43) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 26 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1999 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 15 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, seven to subspecies salamae, two to subspecies diarizonae, and one to subsp.

Supplement 1998 (no. 42) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 14 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1998 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 11 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, one to subspecies salamae, one to subspecies diarizonae, and one to subsp.

Supplement 1997 (no. 41) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 15 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1997 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 8 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, 4 to subspecies salamae, 2 to subspecies diarizonae, and 1 to subsp.

Supplement 1996 (no. 40) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 13 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1996 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 8 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, 3 to subspecies salamae and 2 to subspecies diarizonae.

Supplement 1994 (no. 38) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characterization of 24 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1994 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 11 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, 6 to subspecies salamae, 6 to subspecies diarizonae and 1 to subspecies houtenae.

Supplement 1989 (n. 33) to the Kauffmann-White scheme.

This supplement reports the characters of 18 new Salmonella serovars recognized in 1989 by the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Salmonella: 11 were assigned to S. enterica subsp. enterica, 3 to subspecies salamae, 1 to subspecies arizonae, 2 to subspecies houtenae and 1 to S.