Discovering topics and trends in biosecurity law research: A machine learning approach.

This study employed machine learning techniques, specifically Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), to analyze 559 articles on biosecurity legislation from 1996 to 2023. The LDA model identified nine key research topics, including Agricultural Management and Production, Biosafety and Environmental Impact, Biological Invasion and Regulation, Biosecurity Legislation and Prevention, Agriculture and Environmental Relations, Virus Infection and Governance, Health Risk Assessment and Detection, Disease Prevention and Biotechnology, and Policy Control and Research. The findings reveal significant trends: an increasing focus on Biosecurity Legislation and Prevention and a declining interest in Agricultural Management and Production.

Cystectomy for bilateral thigh fistulation after salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer: A case report.

Fistulation following radiotherapy for prostate cancer is a rare occurrence that can have devastating consequences and often occurs after instrumentation. We present a 74-year-old male who underwent cystectomy for bilateral thigh fistulation years after radical prostatectomy and salvage radiotherapy for prostate cancer. MRI and CT cystogram confirmed fistulation from the anterior bladder tracking to bilateral thigh collections.

The allelic mutation of NBS-LRR gene causes premature senescence in wheat.

Premature senescence has a significant impact on the yield and quality of wheat crops. The process is controlled by multiple and intricate genetic pathways and regulatory elements, whereby the discovery of additional mutants provides important insights into the molecular basis of this important trait. Here, we developed a premature senescence wheat mutant je0874, its leaves started to show yellow before heading stage; with plant growth and development, the degree of yellowing worsened rapidly, and chlorophyll content in flag leaf was reduced by 93.

Chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Bougainvillea glabra.

Bougainvillea glabra Choisy, a common perennial shrub or climbing vine in tropical and subtropical areas, has significant ornamental and ecological value due to its showy floriferous blooms and adaptability to multiple environmental stresses. In this study, based on PacBio and Hi-C sequencing data, we presented the haplotype-resolved, and chromosome-level assembled genomes for B. glabra (2n = 34).

Patient safety is our business! Staff perspectives on implementing hospital falls prevention education.

Providing patients with falls prevention education reduces falls in hospitals, yet there is limited research on what influences successful implementation at the staff, ward and hospital levels. We engaged hospital-based health professionals to identify multi-level barriers and enablers to patient falls education that could influence the implementation of a Safe Recovery program. Purposive sampling was used to recruit hospital staff (n = 40) for focus groups and one-on-one interviews.

Lipid-mediated resolution of inflammation and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Neuroinflammation impacts on the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Specialized pro-resolving mediators trigger the resolution of inflammation. We investigate the specialized pro-resolving mediator blood profile and their receptors' expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in relation to survival in ALS.

A co-registration method to validate optical coherence tomography in the breast surgical cavity.

Breast-conserving surgery accompanied by adjuvant radiotherapy is the standard of care for patients with early-stage breast cancer. However, re-excision is reported in 20-30 % of cases, largely because of close or involved tumor margins in the specimen. Several intraoperative tumor margin assessment techniques have been proposed to overcome this issue, however, none have been widely adopted.

Evolutionary dynamics of mitochondrial genomes and intracellular transfers among diploid and allopolyploid cotton species.

Background: Plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) exhibit extensive structural variation yet extremely low nucleotide mutation rates, phenomena that remain only partially understood. The genus Gossypium, a globally important source of cotton, offers a wealth of long-read sequencing resources to explore mitogenome and plastome variation and dynamics accompanying the evolutionary divergence of its approximately 50 diploid and allopolyploid species.

Results: Here, we assembled 19 mitogenomes from Gossypium species, representing all genome groups (diploids A through G, K, and the allopolyploids AD) based on a uniformly applied strategy.

Mitigating enteric methane emissions with Madhuca longifolia phenolic extract supplementation in forages and diets through in vitro fermentation to support climate-resilient livestock production.

Reducing enteric methane emissions from livestock is a key environmental challenge, as methane is a major pollutant. The complexity of animal biology and diverse diet compositions make it difficult to develop strategy to control methane production. This study examined the use of plant phenolic extracts of Madhuca longifolia (ML-7) as a feed additive combined with various ruminant diets and dosages to find an effective supplement to reduce methane emissions.

Biofilm development as a factor driving the degradation of plasticised marine microplastics.

Biodegradation of microplastics facilitated by natural marine biofouling is a promising approach for ocean bioremediation. However, implementation requires a comprehensive understanding of how interactions between the marine microbiome and dominant microplastic debris types (e.g.

Novel sp. Intraerythrocytic Parasite in the Flatback () and Green () Turtle in Western Australia.

Malaria and other haemosporidian parasites are common in reptiles. During baseline health surveys of sea turtles in Western Australia (WA), haemosporidian parasites were detected in flatback () and green () turtle erythrocytes during routine blood film examination. 130 blood samples were screened via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), including 105 20 and 5 olive ridley turtles ().

An Attachment-Based Family Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Children: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of BEST-Foundations.

Background/objectives: Parent-child attachment and family relationships have been identified as risk factors for childhood internalising symptoms such as anxiety and depressive symptoms. This mixed-methods evaluation examined the feasibility of a recently developed attachment-based family intervention, Behaviour Exchange Systems Therapy-Foundations (BEST-F), delivering 16 h of therapy over 8 weeks to treat internalising symptoms in children aged between 3 and 11 years.

Methods: The quantitative outcomes of this uncontrolled study of 17 families were based on the parent-reported Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) measure, completed at four-timepoints (baseline, pre-, post-intervention, and follow-up), while qualitative data were collected from interviews with participants at follow-up.

Promoting Healthy Aging for Older People Living with Chronic Disease by Implementing Community Health Programs: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study.

The rising prevalence of chronic diseases could be mitigated by expanding community programs. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of delivering a community wellness program for older adults living with chronic disease. A two-group randomized controlled study, with blinded assessments, enrolling adults (≥50 years) with chronic disease, was conducted at a Western Australian community hub.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Liver Segmentation Protocol Enables More Consistent and Robust Annotations, Paving the Way for Advanced Computer-Assisted Analysis.

Background/objectives: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have spurred interest in developing computer-assisted analysis for imaging examinations. However, the lack of high-quality datasets remains a significant bottleneck. Labeling instructions are critical for improving dataset quality but are often lacking.

Aerobic composting with hydrothermal carbonization aqueous phase conditioning: Stabilized active gaseous nitrogen emissions.

The losses of reactive gaseous nitrogen (N), including ammonia (NH) and nitrous oxide (NO), represent a pressing environmental issue during composting. However, the impact of hydrothermal carbonization aqueous phase (HAP) on compost gaseous N emissions and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Herein, Quercus acutissima leaves-derived HAP and its modified HAP (MHAP) were added to the chicken manure compost at 5 % (w/w) and 10 % (w/w) applied rates to observe changes in NH and NO fluxes, compost properties and bacterial communities.

What Outcomes Matter Most to Paediatric Burn Patients and Their Caregivers: A Comparison of Short-Term and Long-Term Priorities.

Identifying outcomes that matter most is key in driving specialized paediatric burn care. The aim of this study was to discover the most important outcomes for paediatric burns. Parents of children (0-3 year and 4-11 years old) and adolescents (12-17 yearss old) completed surveys to identify outcomes that matter most in the short-term (<6 months postburn) and long-term (6-24 months postburn).

Millets for a sustainable future.

Our current agricultural system faces a perfect storm-climate change, burgeoning population, and unpredictable outbreaks like COVID-19 disrupt food production, particularly for vulnerable populations in developing countries. A paradigm shift in agriculture practices is needed to tackle these issues. One solution is the diversification of crop production.

Predicting type 2 diabetes and testosterone effects in high-risk Australian men: development and external validation of a 2-year risk model.

Objective: We have shown that men aged 50 years+ at high risk of type 2 diabetes treated with testosterone together with a lifestyle program reduced the risk of type 2 diabetes at 2 years by 40% compared to a lifestyle program alone. To develop a personalized approach to treatment, we aimed to explore a prognostic model for incident type 2 diabetes at 2 years and investigate biomarkers predictive of the testosterone effect.

Design: Model development in 783 men with impaired glucose tolerance but not type 2 diabetes from Testosterone for Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes; a multicenter, 2-year trial of Testosterone vs placebo.

Barley2035: A decade vision on barley research and breeding.

Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is one of the oldest founder crops in early human civilization, and has been widely dispersed around the globe to supply human life through livestock feeding and brewing industries. It has been used in innovative research of cytogenetics, biochemistry, and genetics since the early half of the 20 century, facilitated by its mode of reproduction through self-pollination, its true diploid status which has contributed to the accumulation of a plethora of germplasm and mutant resources.

Comprehensive Assessment of Cannabidiol and HU308 in Acute and Chronic Colitis Models: Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanistic Innovations.

Cannabinoids are emerging as promising treatments for inflammatory diseases such as ulcerative colitis. Specifically, cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptors, which are upregulated during inflammation, have been distinctively linked to anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. HU308, a synthetic cannabinoid developed to activate CB2 receptors selectively, aims to minimize unwanted off-target side effects.

Fire Reduces Soil Nitrate Retention While Increasing Soil Nitrogen Production and Loss Globally.

Elucidating the response of soil gross nitrogen (N) transformations to fires could improve our understanding of how fire affects N availability and loss. Yet, how internal soil gross N transformation rates respond to fires remains unexplored globally. Here, we investigate the general response of gross soil N transformations to fire and its consequences for N availability and loss.

Joint position statement on immersion pulmonary oedema and diving from the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS) and the United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee (UKDMC) 2024.

This joint position statement (JPS) on immersion pulmonary oedema (IPO) and diving is the product of a workshop held at the 52nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society (SPUMS) from 12-17 May 2024, and consultation with the United Kingdom Diving Medical Committee (UKDMC), three members of which attended the meeting. The JPS is a consensus of experts with relevant evidence cited where available. The statement reviews the nomenclature, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical features, prehospital treatment, investigation of and the fitness for future compressed gas diving following an episode of IPO.

Advances in molecular genetics have increased knowledge of Tuber species' life cycle and population genetic structure, indicating ways to improve yield.

Truffles are possibly the only high-value cultivated organisms for which some aspects of the habit and life cycle have only recently been elucidated or remain unknown. Molecular techniques have helped explain the biological basis for some traditional empirical management techniques, such as inoculating soil with ascospores to improve yield, and have enhanced the detection of competitive or pathogenic soil microorganisms. Improved precision of assessment of the quality of inoculated seedlings is now possible.

Multi-scale influences on Escherichia coli concentrations in shellfish: From catchment to estuary.

Sustainability of bivalve shellfish farming relies on clean coastal waters, however, high levels of faecal indicator organisms (FIOs, e.g. Escherichia coli) in shellfish results in temporary closure of shellfish harvesting beds to protect human health, but with economic consequences for the shellfish industry.