Behavioural Profile Differences Between Cats in Animal-Assisted Services (AAS) and Non-AAS Cats Using the Fe-BARQ in Flanders.

The engagement of cats in animal-assisted services (AAS) is increasing. This is surprising given that feline behavioural needs have been perceived as contradictory to conditions associated with AAS engagement, leading to the assumption that cats as a species are not suitable for AAS. However, important within-species variability in behavioural traits nuancing this assumption has not been addressed.

Withdrawal of antitumour necrosis factor in inflammatory bowel disease patients in remission: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial of GETECCU.

Background And Objectives: Primary objectives: to compare the rates of sustained clinical remission at 12 months in patients treated with antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) and immunomodulators who withdraw anti-TNF treatment versus those who maintain it.

Secondary Objectives: to evaluate the effect of anti-TNF withdrawal on relapse-free time, endoscopic and radiological activity, safety, quality of life and work productivity; and to identify predictive factors for relapse.

Design: Prospective, quadruple-blind, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial.

Evolutionary dynamics of mitochondrial genomes and intracellular transfers among diploid and allopolyploid cotton species.

Background: Plant mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) exhibit extensive structural variation yet extremely low nucleotide mutation rates, phenomena that remain only partially understood. The genus Gossypium, a globally important source of cotton, offers a wealth of long-read sequencing resources to explore mitogenome and plastome variation and dynamics accompanying the evolutionary divergence of its approximately 50 diploid and allopolyploid species.

Results: Here, we assembled 19 mitogenomes from Gossypium species, representing all genome groups (diploids A through G, K, and the allopolyploids AD) based on a uniformly applied strategy.

Chiropractic international research collaborative (CIRCuit): the development of a new practice-based research network, including the demographics, practice, and clinical management characteristics of clinician participants.

Objectives: To describe the structure and development of a new international, chiropractic, practice-based research network (PBRN), the Chiropractic International Research Collaborative (CIRCuit), as well as the demographic, practice, and clinical management characteristics of its clinician participants. An electronic survey was used to collect information on their demographics, practice, and clinical management characteristics from clinicians from 17 October through 28 November 2022. Descriptive statistics were used to report the results.

Fire safety knowledge and emergency preparedness assessment among health care workers at three hospitals in Kunene region, Namibia.

Background: Hospital preparedness for accidents like fires is essential because fire outbreaks in healthcare settings can occur anytime and require quick responses. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge of fire safety and emergency preparedness among healthcare workers, as well as the predictors of knowledge of fire safety and emergency preparedness among healthcare workers.

Methods: An institutional-based descriptive cross-sectional online survey was employed to assess knowledge of fire safety and emergency preparedness among 257 healthcare workers from three hospitals in the Kunene region.

Establishing normal interocular symmetry range for macular optical coherence tomography parameters in healthy children.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the interocular symmetry of macular sublayer thickness among healthy children aged 6-12 years.

Methods: The Shiraz Pediatric Eye Study included 500 randomly selected children who underwent SD-OCT of the macula and optical biometry using the IOLMaster-500. Exclusion criteria involved ocular abnormalities or axial lengths outside the 21.

Activation of TMEM16E scramblase induces ligand independent growth factor receptor signaling and macropinocytosis for membrane repair.

The calcium-dependent phospholipid scramblase TMEM16E mediates ion transport and lipid translocation across the plasma membrane. TMEM16E also contributes to protection of membrane structure by facilitating cellular repair signaling. Our research reveals that TMEM16E activation promotes macropinocytosis, essential for maintaining plasma membrane integrity.

Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, who have atypical but poorly characterized immune responses to infection. We aim to understand the host immunologic and microbial features of COVID-19 in transplant recipients by leveraging a prospective multicenter cohort of 86 transplant recipients age- and sex-matched with 172 non-transplant controls. We find that transplant recipients have higher nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral abundance and impaired viral clearance, and lower anti-spike IgG levels.

Adjunctive Fresh Frozen Plasma Versus Adjunctive Cryoprecipitate in Cardiac Surgery Patients Receiving Platelets for Perioperative Bleeding.

Objective(s): This study was designed to assess the relative association between adjunctive fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or adjunctive cryoprecipitate and morbidity and mortality in cardiac surgery patients receiving platelets for perioperative bleeding.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using inverse probability of treatment weighting with entropy balancing.

Setting: Multi-institutional study of 58 centers using the Australian and New Zealand Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Surgery Database from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2021.

Advanced therapies in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, cohort study.

Background: Uncertainty exists regarding patient outcomes when using TNF inhibitors versus other biological and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). We compared survival and respiratory hospitalisation outcomes following initiation of TNF-inhibitor or non-TNF inhibitor biological or targeted synthetic DMARDs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD.

Methods: We did a retrospective, active-comparator, new-user, observational cohort study with propensity score matching following the target trial emulation framework using US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic and administrative health records.

Interventions to Address Cancer-Related Financial Hardship: A Scoping Review and Call to Action.

Purpose: As oncology practices implement routine screening for financial hardship (FH) and health-related social needs, interventions that address these needs must be implemented. A growing body of literature has reported on FH interventions.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the literature using PubMed, EMBASE, PsychInfo, and CINAHL to identify key studies (2000-2024) reporting on interventions to address cancer-related FH.

Non-additive effects of leaf-litter flammability on eight subtropical tree species: Implications for forest species composition and fire susceptibility.

The readiness of leaf-litter to burn in the presence of fire differs greatly between species. Thus, forests composed of different species vary in their susceptibility to fire. Fire susceptibility of forests may also differ from the arithmetic means of flammability of their component species, i.

Smaller decrease in late second trimester blood pressure is associated with gestational hypertensive disease development.

Objectives: We investigated whether a smaller reduction in 2nd trimester blood pressure (BP) is associated with the development of gestational hypertensive disease.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing a clinical database at an urban safety-net hospital. Individuals ages 18-40 with a singleton gestation and 1st trimester prenatal care were included.

Adenomas from individuals with pathogenic biallelic variants in the MUTYH and NTHL1 genes demonstrate base excision repair tumour mutational signature profiles similar to colorectal cancers, expanding potential diagnostic and variant classification applications.

Background: Colorectal cancers (CRCs) from people with biallelic germline likely pathogenic/pathogenic variants in MUTYH or NTHL1 exhibit specific single base substitution (SBS) mutational signatures, namely combined SBS18 and SBS36 (SBS18+SBS36), and SBS30, respectively. The aim was to determine if adenomas from biallelic cases demonstrated these mutational signatures at diagnostic levels.

Methods: Whole-exome sequencing of FFPE tissue and matched blood-derived DNA was performed on 9 adenomas and 15 CRCs from 13 biallelic MUTYH cases, on 7 adenomas and 2 CRCs from 5 biallelic NTHL1 cases and on 27 adenomas and 26 CRCs from 46 non-hereditary (sporadic) participants.

Outcomes associated with local treatment of nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma in dogs: 89 cases (2003-2020).

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, complications, and outcomes in dogs with nasal planum squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) undergoing local treatment.

Methods: A retrospective, multi-institutional study was performed. Medical records were searched to identify dogs diagnosed with nasal planum SCC.

Intraoperative Anesthetic Care During Emergent/Urgent Craniotomy or Craniectomy for Intracranial Hypertension or Herniation: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aimed to identify and describe best practice for the intraoperative anesthetic management of patients undergoing emergent/urgent decompressive craniotomy or craniectomy for any indication. The PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles related to urgent/emergent craniotomy/craniectomy for intracranial hypertension or brain herniation. Only articles focusing on intraoperative anesthetic management were included; those investigating surgical or intensive care unit management were excluded.

The 1831 CE mystery eruption identified as Zavaritskii caldera, Simushir Island (Kurils).

Polar ice cores and historical records evidence a large-magnitude volcanic eruption in 1831 CE. This event was estimated to have injected ~13 Tg of sulfur (S) into the stratosphere which produced various atmospheric optical phenomena and led to Northern Hemisphere climate cooling of ~1 °C. The source of this volcanic event remains enigmatic, though one hypothesis has linked it to a modest phreatomagmatic eruption of Ferdinandea in the Strait of Sicily, which may have emitted additional S through magma-crust interactions with evaporite rocks.

Highly Self-Adhesive and Biodegradable Silk Bioelectronics for All-In-One Imperceptible Long-Term Electrophysiological Biosignals Monitoring.

Skin-like bioelectronics offer a transformative technological frontier, catering to continuous and real-time yet highly imperceptible and socially discreet digital healthcare. The key technological breakthrough enabling these innovations stems from advancements in novel material synthesis, with unparalleled possibilities such as conformability, miniature footprint, and elasticity. However, existing solutions still lack desirable properties like self-adhesivity, breathability, biodegradability, transparency, and fail to offer a streamlined and scalable fabrication process.

Groundwater releases CO to diverse global coastal ecosystems.

Coastal ecosystems play a major role in marine carbon budgets, but substantial uncertainties remain in the sources and fluxes of coastal carbon dioxide (CO). Here, we assess when, where, and how submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) releases CO to shallow coastal ecosystems. Time-series observations of dissolved CO and radon (Rn, a natural groundwater tracer) across 40 coastal systems from 14 countries revealed large SGD-derived CO fluxes.

Multiomics dissection of human RAG deficiency reveals distinctive patterns of immune dysregulation but a common inflammatory signature.

Human recombination-activating gene (RAG) deficiency can manifest with distinct clinical and immunological phenotypes. By applying a multiomics approach to a large group of -mutated patients, we aimed at characterizing the immunopathology associated with each phenotype. Although defective T and B cell development is common to all phenotypes, patients with hypomorphic variants can generate T and B cells with signatures of immune dysregulation and produce autoantibodies to a broad range of self-antigens, including type I interferons.

Predictors of Participation in Prenatal Substance Use Assessment, Counseling, and Treatment Among Pregnant Individuals in Prenatal Settings Who Use Cannabis.

Objectives: Assessment and counseling are recommended for individuals with prenatal cannabis use. We examined characteristics that predict prenatal substance use assessment and counseling among individuals who screened positive for prenatal cannabis use in prenatal settings.

Methods: Electronic health record data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California's Early Start perinatal substance use screening, assessment, and counseling program was used to identify individuals with ≥1 pregnancies positive for prenatal cannabis use.

Transcriptional determinants of goal-directed learning and representational drift in the parahippocampal cortex.

Task learning involves learning associations between stimuli and outcomes and storing these relationships in memory. While this information can be reliably decoded from population activity, individual neurons encoding this representation can drift over time. The circuit or molecular mechanisms underlying this drift and its role in learning are unclear.