The Effectiveness of Salivary Sampling for the Detection and Quantification of in Periodontitis Patients.

The objective was to evaluate using unstimulated saliva in detecting and to compare the saliva and subgingival and mucosa membrane occurrence of this periodontal pathogen in patients diagnosed with advanced periodontitis. Patients with advanced forms of periodontitis ( = 220; mean age: 54.03 ± 03 years) at stage III/IV were sampled.

Transcriptome Analysis Unveils Molecular Mechanisms of Acaricide Resistance in Two-Spotted Spider Mite Populations on Hops.

Broad-spectrum crop protection technologies, such as abamectin and bifenthrin, are globally relied upon to curb the existential threats from economic crop pests such as the generalist herbivore Koch (TSSM). However, the rising cost of discovering and registering new acaricides, particularly for specialty crops, along with the increasing risk of pesticide resistance development, underscores the urgent need to preserve the efficacy of currently registered acaricides. This study examined the overall genetic mechanism underlying adaptation to abamectin and bifenthrin in populations from commercial hop fields in the Pacific Northwestern region of the USA.

Disabilities and Disparities in Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis in Saudi Arabia.

: In Saudi Arabia, persons with disabilities (PWDs) face considerable oral health challenges, including a higher prevalence of dental caries and gingival inflammation, which adversely affects their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This population experiences distinct and substantial barriers in accessing adequate dental care. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify disparities in OHRQoL between PWDs and individuals without disabilities in Saudi Arabia, focusing on caries and gingivitis prevalence, and to identify specific areas for intervention.

Methodological Variation Among Studies Evaluating Pain Processing in Tendinopathy: A Scoping Review.

Tendinopathy is a condition associated with pain and limited function. While upper and lower extremity tendinopathies may have different functional implications, there have been a number of reports supporting different patterns of dysfunction in pain processing and inhibition. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the methods across studies examining pain processing in patients with upper and lower extremity tendinopathy.

Correction: Danek, P.J.; Daniel, W.A. Long-Term Treatment with Atypical Antipsychotic Iloperidone Modulates Cytochrome P450 2D (CYP2D) Expression and Activity in the Liver and Brain via Different Mechanisms. 2021, , 3472.

[...

Predicting the Impact of Polysulfone Dialyzers and Binder Dialysate Flow Rate on Bilirubin Removal.

Liver failure is the 12th leading cause of death worldwide. Protein-bound toxins such as bilirubin are responsible for many complications of the disease. Binder dialysis systems use albumin or another binding molecule in dialysate and detoxifying sorbent columns to remove these toxins.

Eradication of Cancer Cells Using Doxifluridine and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressing Thymidine Phosphorylase.

Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) has been developed over several decades as a targeted cancer treatment aimed at minimizing toxicity to healthy cells. This approach involves three key components: a non-toxic prodrug, a gene encoding an enzyme that converts the prodrug into an active chemotherapy drug, and a gene carrier to target cancer cells. In this study, the prodrug doxifluridine was enzymatically converted into the chemotherapy drug 5-fluorouracil via thymidine phosphorylase, using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as delivery vehicles.

An Attachment-Based Family Therapy for Anxiety and Depression in Children: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of BEST-Foundations.

Background/objectives: Parent-child attachment and family relationships have been identified as risk factors for childhood internalising symptoms such as anxiety and depressive symptoms. This mixed-methods evaluation examined the feasibility of a recently developed attachment-based family intervention, Behaviour Exchange Systems Therapy-Foundations (BEST-F), delivering 16 h of therapy over 8 weeks to treat internalising symptoms in children aged between 3 and 11 years.

Methods: The quantitative outcomes of this uncontrolled study of 17 families were based on the parent-reported Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) measure, completed at four-timepoints (baseline, pre-, post-intervention, and follow-up), while qualitative data were collected from interviews with participants at follow-up.

High-Potency Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Birth Outcome Measures.

Pregnant women have limited information on the impact of prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) alone. Our aim was to determine if PCE, without alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug use, is associated with altered birth outcome measures in obstetrically low-risk women. In this observational cohort study, pregnant women were recruited between 2019 and 2022 from communities in Washington and Oregon, USA, and enrolled following their first trimester.

Promoting Healthy Aging for Older People Living with Chronic Disease by Implementing Community Health Programs: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study.

The rising prevalence of chronic diseases could be mitigated by expanding community programs. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of delivering a community wellness program for older adults living with chronic disease. A two-group randomized controlled study, with blinded assessments, enrolling adults (≥50 years) with chronic disease, was conducted at a Western Australian community hub.

Gender, Mental Health Stigma, and Help-Seeking in Arabic- and Swahili-Speaking Communities in Australia.

Australia is an ethnically diverse nation with large numbers of migrants and refugees entering the country yearly. Despite research demonstrating that individuals from culturally and linguistically diverse (CaLD) communities experience an elevated risk of developing a mental illness, mental health services uptake is consistently low. To improve the mental health outcomes of these CaLD individuals in Australia, there is an urgent need to understand barriers to treatment, such as stigma.

Becoming Housed During Palliative Care Enrollment: Identifying Drivers, Deterrents, and Directions for Future Care.

Homelessness is associated with accelerated disease progression, and housing placements are less likely when experiencing serious illness. Little research to date has focused on how to successfully secure housing placement during serious illness and end of life. This study aimed to address this gap by examining factors influencing housing placement among seriously ill palliative care patients experiencing homelessness.

Evaluation of Potential Developmental Precursors to Executive Function in Young Children with Motor Delays: Exploratory Study.

This study aimed to explore whether early developmental abilities are related to future executive function (EF) in children with motor delays. Fourteen children with motor delays ( = 10.76, = 2.

Patellar Non-Traumatic Pathologies: A Pictorial Review of Radiologic Findings.

Patellar pathologies are a common cause of knee dysfunction, with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) alone responsible for 25% of knee-related visits to sports medicine clinics. Non-traumatic conditions, while often overlooked, can also lead to significant discomfort and functional limitations, highlighting the importance of accurate and timely diagnosis for effective management and prevention of complications. This pictorial review examines the radiologic characteristics of various non-traumatic patellar disorders, focusing on imaging modalities such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Liver Segmentation Protocol Enables More Consistent and Robust Annotations, Paving the Way for Advanced Computer-Assisted Analysis.

Background/objectives: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have spurred interest in developing computer-assisted analysis for imaging examinations. However, the lack of high-quality datasets remains a significant bottleneck. Labeling instructions are critical for improving dataset quality but are often lacking.

Genomic Regions Associated with Spontaneous Abortion in Holstein Heifers.

The dairy industry relies on reproductive efficiency to maintain efficient milk production. Spontaneous abortion (SA), defined as pregnancy loss between gestation days 42 and 260, occurred in 4.5% of the artificially inseminated (AI) Holstein heifers and 31.

Internal Energy, Fundamental Thermodynamic Relation, and Gibbs' Ensemble Theory as Emergent Laws of Statistical Counting.

Statistical counting is the holographic observable to a statistical dynamics with finite states under independent and identically distributed sampling. Entropy provides the infinitesimal probability for an observed empirical frequency ν^ with respect to a probability prior p, when ν^≠p as N→∞. Following Callen's postulate and through Legendre-Fenchel transform, without help from mechanics, we show that an internal energy u emerges; it provides a linear representation of real-valued observables with full or partial information.

Approaches and Challenges in Characterizing the Molecular Content of Extracellular Vesicles for Biomarker Discovery.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanoparticles released from all known cells and are involved in cell-to-cell communication via their molecular content. EVs have been found in all tissues and body fluids, carrying a variety of biomolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins, metabolites, and lipids, offering insights into cellular and pathophysiological conditions. Despite the emergence of EVs and their molecular contents as important biological indicators, it remains difficult to explore EV-mediated biological processes due to their small size and heterogeneity and the technical challenges in characterizing their molecular content.

Natural Compounds Targeting Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP): A Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Atopic Dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with rising prevalence, marked by eczematous lesions, itching, and a weakened skin barrier often tied to filaggrin gene mutations. This breakdown allows allergen and microbe entry, with thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) playing a crucial role by activating immune pathways that amplify the allergic response. TSLP's central role in AD pathogenesis makes it a promising therapeutic target.

The Proteomics of T-Cell and Early T-Cell Precursor (ETP) Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia: Prognostic Patterns in Adult and Pediatric-ETP ALL.

Background: The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of T-cell lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL) are better for children (>90%) compared to adults (~57%). The early T-cell precursor (ETP) T-ALL subtype is prognostically unfavorable in adults, but less significant in pediatric T-ALL, and the diagnosis and prognosis of "near"-ETP is controversial. We compared protein and RNA expression patterns in pediatric and adult T-ALL to identify prognostic subgroups, and to further characterize ETP and near-ETP T-ALL in both age groups.

Identifying the Black Country's Top Mental Health Research Priorities Using a Collaborative Workshop Approach: Community Connexions.

The Black Country (BC) is an area of the United Kingdom covering Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall, and Wolverhampton. The area is ethnically, culturally and religiously diverse. One-fifth of the total population is in the lowest socioeconomic quintile, with an uneven distribution of wealth.

Exosome-Mediated Transfer of X-Motif-Tagged Anti-MiR-33a-5p Antagomirs to the Medial Cells of Transduced Rabbit Carotid Arteries.

Atherosclerosis is caused by the accumulation of cholesterol within intimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and macrophages. However, the transporter ATP-binding cassette subfamily A, member 1 (ABCA1), can remove cholesterol from these intimal, cells reducing atherosclerosis. Antagomir-mediated inhibition of miR-33a-5p, a microRNA that represses ABCA1 translation, promotes ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux and may impede atherosclerosis development.

Can Different Dietary Protein Sources Influence the Survival, Growth, and Physiology of 0Marron () Exposed to Feed Deprivation?

We investigated the effect of feed deprivation for 45 days on the growth, immunity, and health of 0marron () initially fed for 110 days on various protein sources including fishmeal (FM), poultry by-product meal (PBM), black soldier fly meal (BSFM), soybean meal (SBM), lupin meal (LM), and tuna hydrolysate. The marron were weighed and sacrificed immediately after feeding stopped (day 0) and at days 15, 30, and 45 after the feed deprivation trial commenced. Total haemolymph count, differential haemocyte count, lysozyme activity, protease activity, total bacterial count in the digestive tract, and organosomatic indices were analysed.