Comparative Study of the Analgesic Efficacy of Intrathecal Fentanyl with Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Lower Segment Cesarean Section.

Background: This study was conducted to compare the analgesic efficacy of intrathecal fentanyl with ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block after lower segment cesarean section. The objectives of the study were to compare the effects of subarachnoid fentanyl versus TAP block with respect to duration of postoperative analgesia, time for first analgesic request, total analgesic consumption in 24 h, time to first breastfeed and Apgar score at 1 and 5 min.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-two patients undergoing elective or emergency cesarean delivery were recruited for the study in a prospective, randomized, single-blind manner.

Comparison of Perineural and Intravenous Dexamethasone as an Adjuvant to Levobupivacaine in Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: A prospective Randomized Trial.

Background: The effect of perineural versus intravenous (i.v.) dexamethasone (4 mg) when added to levobupivacaine as an adjuvant has not been well studied.

Metastatic cluster 2-related pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: a single-center experience and systematic review.

Risk of metastatic disease in the cluster 2-related pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) is low. In MEN2 patients, identification of origin of metastases from pheochromocytoma (PCC) or medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is challenging as both are of neuroendocrine origin. We aim to describe our experience and perform a systematic review to assess prevalence, demographics, biochemistry, diagnostic evaluation, management, and predictors of cluster 2-related metastatic PPGL.

Efficacy of Subcutaneous Closed Suction Drain in Reduction of Postoperative Surgical Site Infection.

 Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the infections of wound after an invasive operative approach. It remains to be a major morbidity for patients undergoing surgeries although there have been tremendous improvements in the surgical techniques. Different interventions to suppress the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been proposed.

New diagnostic and imaging technologies in dermatology.

Introduction: Diagnosis of dermatological disorders is primarily based on clinical examination in combination with histopathology. However, clinical findings alone may not be sufficient for accurate diagnosis and cutaneous biopsies are being associated with morbidity.

Objective: The objective of this article is to review the newer technologies along with their applications, limitation and future prospectus.

Rheumatoid Arthritis Veiled by Sickle Beta-Thalassemia: A Rare Immunological Association Delaying Diagnosis.

Sickle beta-thalassemia is a rare variant of sickle cell disease (SCD) that manifests with milder symptoms. Musculoskeletal complications arising from this condition can mimic inflammatory arthritis and hence delay the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) until irreversible damage has been done. RA has been reported to occur with SCD but there is no documented literature thus far on its co-occurrence with sickle beta-thalassemia.

Prevalence of primary aldosteronism in type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: A prospective study from Western India.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension commonly coexist; however, underlying primary aldosteronism (PA) can lead to worsening of hypertension, glycemia and cardiovascular risk. We aim to screen patients with T2DM and hypertension for PA by conducting a prospective monocentric study from Western India, which included adults with T2DM and hypertension from the outpatient diabetes clinic.

Design: Prospective study.

Genotype and phenotypic spectrum of vitamin D dependent rickets type 1A: our experience and systematic review.

Background: Vitamin D dependent rickets type 1 (VDDR1) is a rare disease due to pathogenic variants in 1- hydroxylase gene. We describe our experience with systematic review of world literature to describe phenotype and genotype.

Methods: Seven patients from six unrelated families with genetically proven VDDR1 from our cohort and 165 probands from systematic review were analyzed retrospectively.

Hemicrania continua secondary to neurogenic paravertebral tumor- a case report.

Objectives: Hemicrania continua (HC) is one of the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TAC), where sympathetic dysfunction and autonomic dysfunction resulting in parasympathetic over activation with some evidence of sympathetic inhibition have been suggested as probable causes. However, cases of hemicrania continua secondary to sympathetic dysfunction due to neurogenic paravertebral tumor impinging on the sympathetic chain has not been previously reported. In this case, the probability of the sympathetic dysfunction was more likely based on the clinical features and management.

Clinical, Hormonal, Genetic, and Molecular Characteristics in Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome in an Asian Indian Cohort from a Single Centre in Western India.

The study aimed to analyze clinical and hormonal phenotype,and genotype in patients with genetically proven androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) from Western India. Index patients with pathogenic variants in the androgen receptor (AR) gene were identified from a consecutive 46,XY DSD cohort (n = 150) evaluated with clinical exome sequencing, and their genetically-proven affected relatives were also included. In sum, 15 index cases (9 complete AIS [CAIS] and 6 partial AIS [PAIS]) were identified making AIS the second most common (10%) cause of 46,XY DSD, next to 5α-reductase 2 deficiency (n = 26; 17.

Impact of nodal boost irradiation and MR-based brachytherapy on oncologic outcomes in node-positive cervical cancer.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the impact of dose-escalated irradiation of nodal metastases on clinical outcomes compared to no boost in patients with node-positive, bulky, locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) undergoing standard chemoradiation and MRI-based brachytherapy.

Methods: This comparative study included 161 patients with node-positive LACC treated with definitive chemoradiation and MRI-based brachytherapy. The prospective Boost arm accrued 71 patients to receive nodal boost either sequentially or simultaneously to an equivalent dose of 60 Gy.

Endometriosis of para-aortic node masquerading a malignancy: a rare occurrence.

Endometriosis is a benign estrogen-dependent disorder affecting women in their reproductive age group. Endometriosis means 'abnormal growth of endometrial glands' outside the uterus. Multiple theories on aetiopathogenesis of endometriosis have been postulated, Halban's theory on 'Benign Metastasis' which proposed the presence of endometriotic cells in lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes provides the basis of this case report.

Retrospective Study on Acute Kidney Injury among Cholera Patients in an Outbreak in Whitefield, Bengaluru.

Introduction: Cholera is gastroenteritis caused by . It presents with vomiting, severe secretory diarrhoea, and dehydration. It can cause severe complications with severe electrolyte imbalances and oligoanuric acute kidney injury due to acute tubular necrosis secondary to dehydration or infection itself.

The Clinical, Radiological, and Laboratory Profile of Patients With Interstitial Pneumonitis With Autoimmune Features From India: An Observational, Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) refers to interstitial lung disease (ILD) with co-existing features of other clinical, serologic, or pulmonary features that suggest the presence of an underlying systemic autoimmune condition that does not fulfill the current rheumatologic criteria for connective tissue disorder (CTD). It is a relatively newly described clinical syndrome with only a handful of reports describing it. This study aimed at studying the clinical, radiological, and laboratory profiles of IPAF patients from a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Immunological aspects and gender bias during respiratory viral infections including novel Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19): A scoping review.

The human immune system is not adequately equipped to eliminate new microbes and could result in serious damage on first exposure. This is primarily attributed to the exaggerated immune response (inflammatory disease), which may prove detrimental to the host, as evidenced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. From the experiences of Novel Coronavirus Disease-19 to date, male patients are likely to suffer from high-intensity inflammation and disease severity than the female population.

Transradial Coronary Intervention in Chronic Total Occlusion in a Patient With Mirror Image Dextrocardia.

Dextrocardia poses challenges in the percutaneous coronary intervention, particularly through radial access. The presence of chronic total occlusion further adds to the technical difficulties in such cases due to unfamiliar orientations of the coronary arteries, guide catheter instability, and problems in advancing the hardware across the occluded lesions. We report here a successful percutaneous intervention in a chronic total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery, done through right radial access in a patient with situs-inversus and dextrocardia.

Preoperative Amlodipine Is Efficacious in Preventing Intraoperative HDI in Pheochromocytoma: Pilot RCT.

Context: Preoperative blockade with α-blockers is recommended in patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL). The data on calcium channel blockade (CCB) in PPGL are scarce.

Objective: We aimed to compare the efficacy of CCB and α-blockers on intraoperative hemodynamic instability (HDI) in PPGL.

Cystic lymphangioma in adult-a rare case scenario or a misdiagnosis?

Cystic lymphangiomas are a rare entity in adults. It is commonly congenital due to obstruction in the lymphatic drainage. We report the case of a 45-year-old female who was admitted with complaints of a lateral neck swelling associated with multiple palpable cervical lymph nodes.

Neural Basis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells and its Potential Application in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Though significant insights into the molecular-biochemical-cellular-behavioral basis of PD have been understood, there is no appreciable treatment available till date. Current therapies provide symptomatic relief without any influence on the progression of the disease.

Effects of Diet, Nutrition, and Exercise in Children With Autism and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Literature Review.

Diet and nutrition play an important and essential role in everyone's life. It helps build a healthy body and a strong mind. We know that food rich in nutrients can remove toxins from the body, make an excellent immune system, curb hunger, and prevent obesity.

Childhood Obesity as a Predictor of Coronary Artery Disease in Adults: A Literature Review.

Obesity in children is becoming a worldwide epidemic that requires immediate attention. Despite all the efforts directed towards controlling this issue, its prevalence is increasing overtime both in developed and developing countries. With an increasing prevalence in the younger age groups, it is emerging as a public health crisis.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring for the Detection of Hypoglycemia in Patients With Diabetes of the Exocrine Pancreas.

Background: Detailed evaluations of hypoglycemia and associated indices based on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are limited in patients with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas. Our study sought to evaluate the frequency and pattern of hypoglycemic events and to investigate hypoglycemia-specific indices in this population.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study comprising 83 participants with diabetes of the exocrine pancreas.

Expanding genetic spectrum and discriminatory role of steroid profiling by LC-MS/MS in 11β-hydroxylase deficiency.

Objective: To report clinical, hormonal and structural effects of CYP11B1 pathogenic variations in Indian patients with 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11βOHD) and find hormonal criteria that accurately distinguish 11βOHD from 21α-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD).

Design: Retrospective record review of genetically diagnosed patients with 11βOHD.

Patients And Measurements: Clinical features, hormonal parameters at diagnosis (by immunoassay) and recent follow-up of 13 genetically proven 11βOHD patients managed at our centre were retrospectively reviewed.