Side-chain cleavage enzyme deficiency: Systematic review and case series.

Objective: P450 side-chain cleavage deficiency (SCCD) patients present with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) with or without undervirilized external genitalia. The distinction between classic and nonclassic steroidogenic acute regulatory protein deficiency has been described, whereas in SCCD is unclear. The data on gonadal function and its correlation with SCCD genotype has not been studied.

Clinical Profile of Tension Type Headache in a Medical College with Special Emphasis on Triggering Factors.

Background And Objectives: Tension type headache is one of the costliest primary headaches which can cause a significant impact on an individual's life. Healthcare professionals are exposed to multiple trigger factors which give rise to an increase in headache frequency, most notable reasons being sleep disturbances, stress and untimely food habits. With this background, we conducted this study of detailed clinical profile and trigger factors among the 2050 subjects (MBBS students: 909, BDS students: 323, nursing students: 268, postgraduates students and staff: 550) in our medical institute.

Tip-Variant Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis in a Patient With Primary Hypothyroidism: A Case Report.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome (NS) and one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney disease. Endocrinological abnormalities due to the urinary loss of hormone-binding proteins, such as transient hypothyroidism, are well documented in FSGS. Secondary FSGS can arise due to viral infections, drugs, and pre-existing glomerular diseases.

A Clinical Comparison between Single-Space Technique and Double-Space Technique for Combined Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia.

Background: Combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA) is commonly performed by double space technique (DST) and single space segment technique (SST) or needle-through-needle technique (NNT).

Aims And Objectives: We designed a double-blind randomized controlled study to compare the effect of the double-space technique with that of the single-space technique on time required by the procedure, the number of attempts, and a level of sensory, side effects and cost-effectiveness.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries under regional anesthesia were randomized to receive CSEA with either the double-space technique (double group, = 30) or the single-space technique (single group, = 30).

Genetic spectrum of Kallmann syndrome: Single-center experience and systematic review.

Objective: To study phenotype-genotype data of Asian-Indian Kallmann syndrome (KS) from our center and systematically review the studies analyzing multiple congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) genes in KS cohorts using next-generation sequencing.

Design, Patients, Measurement: Five hundred twenty-two KS probands (our center n = 78, published studies n = 444) were included in this systematic review. Molecular diagnosis was considered if the likely pathogenic/pathogenic variant in known CHH gene/s was reported in the appropriate allelic state.

Comparison of the Sensitivity of Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT with Other Imaging Modalities in Detecting Head and Neck Paraganglioma: Experience from Western India.

 This study aimed to compare the sensitivity of Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with other imaging modalities in the detection of head and neck paraganglioma (HNPGL).  The data of consecutive HNPGL patients (  = 34) who had undergone at least Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and anatomical imaging (contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging [CECT/MRI]) were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnosis of HNPGL (the primary tumor) was confirmed either by histopathology (  = 10) or was based on clinical follow-up and correlation of anatomical with functional imaging in whom histopathology was not available (  = 24).

Trends in Gallbladder Disease in Young Adults: A Growing Concern.

Millennials (age: 25-32 years) and Generation-Z individuals (age: 10-25 years) exhibit a shift in the occurrence of gallbladder diseases, which may be related to changes in lifestyle and genetics. In light of these findings, we performed a retrospective observational study on patients who underwent gallbladder surgeries to determine the trend in gallbladder diseases in young adults. Both categorical and continuous data on 90 patients were collected between January 2020 and June 2021 and analysed retrospectively, with differences considered significant at a -value of 0.

Solitary Neurofibroma over Lower Lip: A Rare Manifestation.

Neurofibromas are common nerve sheath tumors, occurring either sporadically or associated with Von Recklinghausen's disease. Only 6.5% of solitary lesions are seen to involve the oral cavity without any features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1).

Evaluation of Acute Symptomatic Seizures and Etiological Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital From a Developing Country.

Introduction: The etiologies of acute symptomatic seizures (ASS) differ across the globe. We aimed to evaluate the etiological spectrum of acute seizures and to observe the pattern of seizure types among study participants.

Methodology: We conducted this prospective study from 2016 to 18.

Giant prolactinoma in children and adolescents: a single-center experience and systematic review.

Purpose: Giant prolactinoma (GP) in childhood and adolescence is a rare entity with scarce literature. We aimed to describe clinical features, biochemistry, radiology, genetics, management, and outcome in pediatric (≤ 20 years) GP.

Methods: Retrospective record review of 18 pediatric GP patients from our center and systematic review including these and 77 from the literature (total cohort: 95).

A Case of Enigmatic Stroke Caused by Severe Systemic Sepsis: The Importance of Careful Assessment of Insidious Systemic Infection.

Severe sepsis is a dreaded disease with high mortality, especially in the case of delayed detection. Early diagnosis and treatment initiation is critical for patient survival. However, the septic conditions might be masked by other clinical conditions such as stroke, which may result in a serious delay in diagnosis and treatment.

Double Trouble: A Case Report of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding due to Both Central and Peripheral Pathology.

A 46-year-old female came to the gynecology outpatient department with heavy and prolonged menstrual bleeding. The examination revealed a thyroid mass and tachycardia. Systemic and gynecological examinations were insignificant.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome: phenotype, predictors, and pathophysiology of perinatal events.

Purpose: There is limited data regarding Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome (PSIS) from India. Moreover, the pathophysiological link between perinatal events and PSIS is unclear. We aim to elucidate the predictors of PSIS among patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and perinatal events in PSIS by comparing cohorts of PSIS and genetically proven GHD without PSIS.

Atypical Presentation of Interval Colorectal Cancer/Post-Colonoscopy Colorectal Cancer in a Nursing Home Patient.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that there are around 1.7 million beds in certified nursing homes across the United States and approximately 1.3 million residents in long-term and end-of-life care.

Extrahepatic Bile Duct Injury Caused by Blunt Abdomen Trauma: A Case Report.

Traumatic injuries to the extra-hepatic biliary tract are uncommon and may be suspected intraoperatively by the presence of bile-stained fluid in the subhepatic area. We present a case of injury to the common bile duct in a polytrauma patient. The initial CT scan did not suggest biliary injury.

Perceived usefulness of trauma audit filters in urban India: a mixed-methods multicentre Delphi study comparing filters from the WHO and low and middle-income countries.

Objective: To compare experts' perceived usefulness of audit filters from Ghana, Cameroon, WHO and those locally developed; generate context-appropriate audit filters for trauma care in selected hospitals in urban India; and explore characteristics of audit filters that correlate to perceived usefulness.

Design: A mixed-methods approach using a multicentre online Delphi technique.

Setting: Two large tertiary hospitals in urban India.

Cardiac Adverse Events after Vaccination-A Systematic Review.

The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System database has been used to report adverse events following several vaccines. We studied the patient population predisposed to such reactions and how these reactions differ with respect to the vaccine type. We searched the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus up to 9 July 2021 for any study describing cardiac adverse events attributed to the vaccination.

An initial experience of computed tomography-guided trans superior vena caval biopsy: a novel approach for precarious mediastinal lesions.

Purpose: As interventional radiologists, we encounter precarious deep-seated mediastinal lesions in our day-to-day practice. The conventional technique of percutaneous transthoracic biopsy of these lesions carries significant intrinsic complications. Endovascular approaches for such lesions under fluoroscopic guidance have been described in previous literature but with significant technical constraints.

Transient Ischemic Attack Due to Unruptured Basilar Artery Aneurysm.

Intracranial aneurysms are typically asymptomatic. They are usually incidentally detected or detected only after rupture. Ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) due to unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) is rare.

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in Asian Indian Children and Adolescents with Primary Hyperparathyroidism.

Childhood and adolescent primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a very rare disease. Data on its molecular genetics are scarce. We performed a retrospective analysis (January 2000-January 2021) to determine the deleterious germline variants and genotype-phenotype correlations in children and adolescents < 20 years diagnosed with PHPT from a single referral center.

Life-Threatening Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Hemosuccus Pancreaticus: A Case Report.

Hemosuccus pancreaticus (HP) is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by bleeding from the ampulla of Vater into the duodenum. HP most commonly results from a rupture of pseudoaneurysms secondary to chronic pancreatitis. The low incidence of HP and the wide spectrum of its clinical presentation poses diagnostic challenges.

A 5-Year-Old Female With an Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Proximal Humerus.

An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a non-malignant, skeletal tumor that is extremely rare and most commonly presents within the first two decades of life. Genetic mutation of the gene on chromosome 17 remains to be the most commonly accepted reasoning as ABC's etiology remains unknown. As the radiographic appearance of ABC is quite similar to other kinds of bone cysts, a histological diagnosis is often required to attain a definitive diagnosis.