Age- and sex-related differences in social competence and emotion labeling in pre-adolescence.

Identification of facial expressions is important to navigate social interactions and associates with developmental outcomes. It is presumed that social competence, behavioral emotion labeling and neural emotional face processing are related, but this has rarely been studied. Here, we investigated these interrelations and their associations with age and sex, in the YOUth cohort (1055 children, 8-11 years old).

Does personality moderate the association between social involvement and personal recovery in psychosis?

Objective: Social factors are central in personal recovery (PR) and treatment of psychosis. However, weak associations between social involvement and PR were found. We aimed to replicate this weak association, and test whether it was explained by a moderating effect of neuroticism and extraversion.

NGF-mediated crosstalk: unraveling the influence of metabolic deregulation on the interplay between neural and pancreatic cancer cells and its impact on patient outcomes.

Neural invasion is one of the most common routes of invasion in pancreatic cancer and it is responsible for the high rate of tumor recurrence after surgery and the pain generation associated with pancreatic cancer. Several molecules implicated in neural invasion are also responsible for pain onset including NGF belonging to the family of neutrophins. NGF released by cancer cells can sensitize sensory nerves which in turn results in severe pain.

Interrelation between dyadic coping and psychological resilience among cervical cancer couples in Northwest China: An Actor-Partner interdependence model.

Objective: This study aimed to explore how dyadic coping (DC) influences the psychological resilience (PR) levels of patients with cervical cancer (CC) and their spouses.

Methods: From April to June 2024, this cross-sectional study involved 177 dyads of patients with CC and their spouses from the gynecology and oncology wards of two tertiary hospitals in Xinjiang. Data were collected through questionnaires on demographic information, clinical characteristics, the Resilience Scale, and the Dyadic Coping Inventory, all of which were self-report measures.

Physiological versus time based cord clamping in very preterm infants (ABC3): a parallel-group, multicentre, randomised, controlled superiority trial.

Background: Physiological-based cord clamping (PBCC) in preterm infants is beneficial for cardiovascular transition at birth and may optimize placental transfusion. Whether PBCC can improve clinical outcomes is unknown. The aim of the Aeration, Breathing, Clamping (ABC3) trial was to test whether PBCC results in improved intact survival in very preterm infants.

The effect of early warning scoring systems on adverse outcome in surgical patients: A systematic review.

Background: An early warning scoring system aims to detect clinical deterioration at an early stage and prevent failure-to-rescue in hospitalized patients. In this systematic review we studied the effect of an early warning scoring system on adverse outcome in surgical patients.

Methods: This review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA and the protocol of this review is registered at PROSPERO, under the registration number CRD42018107799.

Cost-Effectiveness of rTMS as a Next Step in Antidepressant Non-Responders: A Randomized Comparison With Current Antidepressant Treatment Approaches.

Background: Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective and commonly used treatment option for treatment-resistant depression, its cost-effectiveness remains much less studied. In particular, the comparative cost-effectiveness of rTMS and other treatment options, such as antidepressant medication, has not been investigated.

Methods: An economic evaluation with 12 months follow-up was conducted in the Dutch care setting as part of a pragmatic multicenter randomized controlled trial, in which patients with treatment-resistant depression were randomized to treatment with rTMS or treatment with the next pharmacological step according to the treatment algorithm.

SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes across mental disorders and the role of sex: A register-based study from Catalonia.

Introduction: This study investigated the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes among different mental health diagnoses and the role of sex in these associations.

Methods: Using electronic records from Catalonia, we identified adults receiving mental health care from 2017-2019 with diagnoses of non-affective psychosis (NAP), bipolar disorder (BD), depressive disorder (DEP), stress-related disorders, neurotic/somatoform disorders (NSD), and substance misuse (SUB) (exposed). The outcomes assessed were SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and COVID-19-related death, compared to matched individuals without these mental disorders (unexposed).

Short-term postoperative complications in preterm neonates with surgical necrotizing enterocolitis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Over half of preterm neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) require surgery, making it essential to understand short-term postoperative outcomes and complication rates. Therefore, this study aimed to provide an overview of 30-day postoperative complications for NEC. Secondary, risk factors for minor and major short-term postoperative complications were identified.

Endosomal sorting protein SNX4 limits synaptic vesicle docking and release.

Sorting nexin 4 (SNX4) is an evolutionary conserved organizer of membrane recycling. In neurons, SNX4 accumulates in synapses, but how SNX4 affects synapse function remains unknown. We generated a conditional SNX4 knock-out mouse model and report that SNX4 cKO synapses show enhanced neurotransmission during train stimulation, while the first evoked EPSC was normal.

From applause to disappointment - appreciation among healthcare providers that provided end-of-life care during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on well-being - a longitudinal mixed methods study (the CO-LIVE study).

Background: The healthcare sector is facing increasing work pressure, making a healthy workforce essential. Appreciation is a factor influencing well-being, and the COVID-19 pandemic offers valuable insights into this. This study aims to: 1) describe to what extent end-of-life care providers felt appreciated and understood during the first 18 months of the pandemic, 2) examine the impact of appreciation on their well-being, and 3) explore their perceptions of what appreciation should look like.

Interstitial lipoid pneumonia-A complication of intravenous administration of lipid emulsions in critically ill patients.

Lipoid pneumonia is a rare entity most often associated with inhalation of foreign material (i.e. "fire-eater's lung"), silicone injection, and severe trauma.

Optical coherence tomography in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: cross-sectional and longitudinal exploratory analysis from the MS-SMART randomised controlled trial.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) inner retinal metrics reflect neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). We explored OCT measures as biomarkers of disease severity in secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

Methods: We investigated people with SPMS from the Multiple Sclerosis-Secondary Progressive Multi-Arm Randomisation Trial OCT substudy, analysing brain MRIs, clinical assessments and OCT at baseline and 96 weeks.

Investigating the Immunomodulatory Impact of Fecal Bacterial Membrane Vesicles and Their IgA Coating Patterns in Crohn's Disease Patients.

The human intestinal tract contains trillions of bacteria that coexist in a symbiotic relationship with human cells. Imbalances in this interaction can lead to disorders such as Crohn's disease (CD). Bacteria membrane vesicles (MVs), which are released by almost all bacteria, have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in bacteria-host interactions.

Postoperative Radiotherapy for pT1- and pT2-Classified Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the External Auditory Canal.

Background: There is no consensus regarding the indication for postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) for T1- and T2-classified squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the external auditory canal (EAC) even with negative surgical margins. This study aimed to evaluate whether PORT provides additional benefits for these cases.

Methods: We collected retrospective data from fourteen international hospitals, including resected pT1- and pT2-classified EAC SCC with negative surgical margins.

A convenient viral transduction based method for advanced multi-engineering of primary human (CAR) T-cells.

The past decades have illustrated the power of T-cell engineering in the development of new and successful cell therapies, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells. Despite clinical success in hematological malignancies, it also becomes increasingly clear that additional T-cell engineering will be required to improve efficacy and safety and expand the application to solid tumors. Engineering is most often achieved by viral delivery of transgenes, however, viral vector capacity limitations make efficient and reproducible generation of multi transgene expressing T-cell therapeutics technically challenging.

Reliability of the McKenzie Method of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy in the examination of spinal pain, including the OTHER classifications: Reliability of the McKenzie Method in spinal pain.

Background: The McKenzie Method of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) is used worldwide to classify and manage musculoskeletal (MSK) problems. The assessment includes a detailed patient history and a specific physical examination. Research has investigated the reliability of the MDT spinal classification system (Derangement syndrome, Dysfunction syndrome, Postural syndrome, and OTHER), however no study has assessed the reliability of the 10 classifications grouped together as OTHER.

Sleep and physical activity patterns in relation to daily-life symptoms in psychosis: An actigraphy and experience sampling study.

Sleep disturbances and reduced physical activity (PA) are important risk factors for poor physical and mental health outcomes in people with psychosis. However, the precise interrelations between sleep, PA and psychopathology remain unclear. This study combined experience sampling (ESM) and actigraphy in thirty-two patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder to investigate interrelations of day-to-day variations in actigraphic estimates of PA and sleep and psychotic and affective symptoms.

Unraveling Sex Differences in Kidney Health and Chronic Kidney Disease: a Review of the Impact of Sex Hormones.

Sexual dimorphism plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Men with CKD often exhibit faster kidney function decline, leading to higher rates of kidney failure and mortality compared to women. Studies suggest that sex hormones may influence this apparent dimorphism, although the mechanisms underlying these influences remain poorly understood.

Evaluating multiple sclerosis severity loci 30 years after a clinically isolated syndrome.

The first genome-wide significant multiple sclerosis severity locus, rs10191329, has been pathologically linked to cortical lesion load and brain atrophy. However, observational cohorts such as MSBase have not replicated associations with disability outcomes, instead finding other loci. We evaluated rs10191329 and MSBase loci in a unique cohort of 53 people followed for 30 years after a clinically isolated syndrome, with deep clinical phenotyping and MRI measures of inflammation and neurodegeneration.

Detecting Colorectal Neoplasia Using Specific Fecal Fluorogenic Protease-Sensitive Substrates: A Pilot Study.

Background: identification and removal of advanced adenomas (AA) reduce colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and potentially mortality. CRC screening often uses fecal immunochemical testing to select high-risk individuals for colonoscopy, despite its low sensitivity for AA and relatively high false-positivity rate. Previous studies have linked proteases to CRC development through their ability to facilitate angiogenesis and immunoregulation.

Sex differences in the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease: post hoc analyses of the RENAAL and IDNT trials.

Aims/hypothesis: Our aim was to assess sex differences in the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers (i.e. losartan and irbesartan) on kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition and insulin enhance proliferation and inhibit maturation of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes via TCF and FOXO signaling.

Embryonic signaling pathways exert stage-specific effects during cardiac development, yet the precise signals for proliferation or maturation remain elusive. To uncover the cues for proliferation, we performed a combinatory cell-cycle screen for insulin and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition in spontaneously beating human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Our analysis for proliferation, and subsequential downstream sarcomere development, gene expression analysis, and molecular interventions identified a temporal interplay between insulin/Akt/FOXO and CHIR99021/Wnt/GSK3/TCF signaling.