More than meets the eye: The role of sensory dimensions in psychedelic brain dynamics, experience, and therapeutics.

Psychedelics are undergoing a major resurgence of scientific and clinical interest. While multiple theories and frameworks have been proposed, there is yet no universal agreement on the mechanisms underlying the complex effects of psychedelics on subjective experience and brain dynamics, nor their therapeutic benefits. Despite being prominent in psychedelic phenomenology and distinct from those elicited by other classes of hallucinogens, the effects of psychedelics on low-level sensory - particularly visual - dimensions of experience, and corresponding brain dynamics, have often been disregarded by contemporary research as 'epiphenomenal byproducts'.

A systematic review of telehealth screening, assessment, and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.

There is a significant delay between parents having concerns and receiving a formal assessment and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis. Telemedicine could be an effective alternative that shortens the waiting time for parents and primary health providers in ASD screening and diagnosis. We conducted a systematic review examining the uses of telemedicine technology for ASD screening, assessment, or diagnostic purposes and to what extent sample characteristics and psychometric properties were reported.

Effect of hydrothermal aging on the microhardness of high- and low-viscosity conventional and additively manufactured polymers.

Statement Of Problem: Studies on the microhardness of novel additively manufactured polymers compared with well-established low- and high-viscosity composite resins with regard to chemical composition are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of hydrothermal aging on the microhardness of various conventional and additively manufactured polymers.

Material And Methods: Cylindrically shaped specimens (N=240, n=10 per group) (Ø10×2 mm) were either additively manufactured (6 groups) or conventionally (6 groups) manufactured by using 3D (Optiprint Temp [OP; Dentona]; C&B MFH [ND; NextDent]; Saremco print CROWNTEC [SA; Saremco Dental AG]; Temp Print [TP; GC]; 3DELTA ETEMP [DM; Deltamed]; MED690 [ST; Stratasys, Ltd]) or conventional low (Gradia Direct [GR; GC]; Clearfil Majesty [CM; Kuraray Noritake]; Tetric EvoCeram [TE; Ivoclar AG]) and high (Gradia Direct Flo [GR-F; GC]; Clearfil Majesty Flow [CM-F; Kuraray Noritake]; Tetric EvoFlow [TE-F; Ivoclar AG]) viscous materials.

Cross-Informant Compatibility of Depression Symptoms in Children: A Network Approach.

Utilizing multiple informants to assess children's depressive symptoms increases diagnostic accuracy, reliability, and validity of inferences. However, previous studies have found low to moderate agreement among informants. We applied network statistics to gain insight into children and their mothers' differential perceptions of depressive symptoms.

Associations Between Child Maltreatment, Inflammation, and Comorbid Metabolic Syndrome to Depressed Mood in a Multiethnic Urban Population: The HELIUS Study.

Background: Child maltreatment is a common negative experience and has potential long-lasting adverse consequences for mental and physical health, including increased risk for major depressive disorder (MDD) and metabolic syndrome. In addition, child maltreatment may increase the risk for comorbid physical health conditions to psychiatric conditions, with inflammation as an important mediator linking child maltreatment to poor adult health. However, it remains unresolved whether experiencing child maltreatment increases the risk for the development of comorbid metabolic syndrome to MDD.

Childhood trauma and LPS-stimulated inflammation in adulthood: Results from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety.

Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is robustly associated with psychiatric disorders including major depressive and anxiety disorders across the life span. The innate immune system may play a role in the relation between CT and stress-related psychopathology. However, whether CT influences the innate production capacity of cytokine levels following ex vivo stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is currently unknown.

Analysis of sentiment changes in online messages of depression patients before and during the COVID-19 epidemic based on BERT+BiLSTM.

With the development of the Internet, more and more people prefer to confide their sentiments in the virtual world, especially those with depression. The social media where people with depression collectively leave messages is called the "Tree Hole". The purpose of this article is to support the "Tree Hole" rescue volunteers to help patients with depression, especially after the outbreak of COVID-19 and other major events, to guide the crisis intervention of patients with depression.

Plaque removal efficacy of a compacted dual-head power toothbrush: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: To evaluate the plaque removal efficacy of a compacted dual-head power toothbrush (DH) in comparison with a single-head power toothbrush (SH).

Methods: 24 healthy university students were included in this split-mouth and single-center clinical trial. The DH and SH were randomly assigned to brush the left/right half mouth in the first visit.

Attention drives human numerosity-selective responses.

Numerosity, the set size of a group of items, helps guide behavior and decisions. Previous studies have shown that neural populations respond selectively to numerosities. How numerosity is extracted from the visual scene is a longstanding debate, often contrasting low-level visual with high-level cognitive processes.

Childhood trauma and its impact on depressive and anxiety symptomatology in adulthood: A 6-year longitudinal study.

Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is a risk factor for depressive and anxiety disorders. However, whether CT is more strongly linked to specific clinical features of these disorders remains inconclusive. The current study comprehensively examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between CT and depressive/anxiety symptomatology in a large adult sample with current and remitted depressive and/or anxiety disorders.

Gait stability in ambulant children with cerebral palsy during dual tasks.

Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to measure the effect of dual tasks on gait stability in ambulant children with cerebral palsy (CP) compared to typically developing (TD) children.

Methods: The children of the CP (n = 20) and TD groups (n = 20) walked first without a dual task, then while counting forward and finally while alternatively naming fruits and animals (DTf/a). They then completed the same cognitive exercises while sitting comfortably.

Early-life stress exposure and large-scale covariance brain networks in extremely preterm-born infants.

The stressful extrauterine environment following premature birth likely has far-reaching and persistent adverse consequences. The effects of early "third-trimester" ex utero stress on large-scale brain networks' covariance patterns may provide a potential avenue to understand how early-life stress following premature birth increases risk or resilience. We evaluated the impact of early-life stress exposure (e.

Preferences of Sjögren's syndrome patients regarding potential new saliva substitutes.

Objectives: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients should be involved in the development of new saliva substitutes at an early stage. The purpose of the current study was to explore the preferences of these patients regarding various product characteristics of potential new saliva substitutes.

Material And Method: A questionnaire was distributed among SS patients.

Multi-platform quantitation of alpha-synuclein human brain proteoforms suggests disease-specific biochemical profiles of synucleinopathies.

Based on immunostainings and biochemical analyses, certain post-translationally modified alpha-synuclein (aSyn) variants, including C-terminally truncated (CTT) and Serine-129 phosphorylated (pSer129) aSyn, are proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease with (PDD) and without dementia (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). However, quantitative information about aSyn proteoforms in the human brain in physiological and different pathological conditions is still limited. To address this, we generated sequential biochemical extracts of the substantia nigra, putamen and hippocampus from 28 donors diagnosed and neuropathologically-confirmed with different synucleinopathies (PD/PDD/DLB/MSA), as well as Alzheimer's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and aged normal subjects.

Transient beta activity and cortico-muscular connectivity during sustained motor behaviour.

Neural oscillations are thought to play a central role in orchestrating activity states between distant neural populations. For example, during isometric contraction, 13-30 Hz beta activity becomes phase coupled between the motor cortex and the contralateral muscle. This and related observations have led to the proposal that beta activity and connectivity sustain stable cognitive and motor states - or the 'status quo' - in the brain.

Family involvement in psychotherapy for depression in children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Depressive disorders in children and adolescents have an enormous impact on their general quality of life. There is a clear need to effectively treat depression in this age group. Effects of psychotherapy can be enhanced by involving caregivers.

The relationship between craving and insular morphometry in regular cocaine users: Does sex matter?

While it has been suggested that cocaine use and relapse in women is more strongly related to stress-relief craving, whereas cocaine use in men is more strongly related to reward craving, the neural mechanisms that underlie these differences are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate sex-dependent differences in insular morphometry and associations with craving, in a sample of regular cocaine users (CUs) and non-drug using controls (non-CUs). It was hypothesized that insular volume, thickness and surface area would be lower in CU women, compared with CU men and non-CUs.

Illness perceptions; exploring mediators and/or moderators in disabling persistent low back pain. Multiple baseline single-case experimental design.

Introduction: Illness Perceptions (IPs) may play a role in the management of persistent low back pain. The mediation and/or moderation effect of IPs on primary outcomes in physiotherapy treatment is unknown.

Methods: A multiple single-case experimental design, using a matched care physiotherapy intervention, with three phases (phases A-B-A') was used including a 3 month follow up (phase A').

Diabetes Medication Metformin Inhibits Osteoclast Formation and Activity in Models for Periodontitis.

Diabetes and periodontitis are comorbidities and may share common pathways. Several reports indicate that diabetes medication metformin may be beneficial for the periodontal status of periodontitis patients. Further research using appropriate cell systems of the periodontium, the tissue that surrounds teeth may reveal the possible mechanism.

Association between neighborhood health behaviors and body mass index in Northern Norway: evidence from the Tromsø Study.

Aim: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen rapidly worldwide, and the ongoing obesity pandemic is one of the most severe public health concerns in modern society. The average body mass index (BMI) of people living in Northern Norway has also steadily increased since the late 1970s. This study aimed to understand how individuals' health behavior is associated with the general health behavior of the people in their neighborhood.

Do medical specialists cope with stressors through fulfillment of basic psychological needs of self-determination theory.

Objectives: To explore factors influencing work motivation negatively and the role of the fulfillment of basic psychological needs, described by the self-determination theory of motivation, as a possible coping mechanism for medical specialists.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in an academic medical center in the United States. Twelve medical specialists from different disciplines were recruited through convenience, snowball, and purposive sampling and shadowed for two days each.

Time-dependent variation of lead isotopes of lead white in 17th century Dutch paintings.

This study investigates how lead isotopes in lead white pigment can be used as an additional diagnostic tool to constrain the production time of 17th century Dutch paintings. Analysis of 77 well-dated paintings from 27 different Dutch artists reveal significant change in the source of lead used in lead white at the start, middle, and end of the 17th century. Isotopic shifts are related to major historical and socioeconomical events such as the English Civil War and Anglo-Dutch-French conflicts.