'Every slap demeans me': at the intersection of disability, masculinity and intimate partner violence in the Global South.

The experiences of heterosexual men with paraplegia who are the victims of intimate partner violence remains an under-researched area. This article responds to the call for more research and offers an analysis of the narratives of five working-class coloured men in Cape Town, South Africa, who acquired spinal cord injuries and then fell victim to intimate partner violence. Narrative interviews were conducted with men and their wives.

Outcomes after Surgical Treatment for Rectal Atresia in Children: Is There a Preferred Approach? A Systematic Review.

Rectal atresia (RA) affects only 1 to 2% of all children with anorectal malformations. No consensus on optimal treatment strategy is yet achieved. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to summarize all surgical interventions for RA and outcomes described in the current literature.

Cell-free human papillomavirus DNA kinetics after surgery for human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal cancer.

Background: New ultrasensitive methods for detecting residual disease after surgery are needed in human papillomavirus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPV+OPSCC).

Methods: To determine whether the clearance kinetics of circulating tumor human papillomavirus DNA (ctHPVDNA) is associated with postoperative disease status, a prospective observational study was conducted in 33 patients with HPV+OPSCC undergoing surgery. Blood was collected before surgery, postoperative days 1 (POD 1), 7, and 30 and with follow-up.

Using Geodesign as a boundary management process for planning nature-based solutions in river landscapes.

Planning with nature-based solutions (NBS) presents a participatory approach that harnesses actions supported by nature to address societal challenges. Whilst Geodesign may facilitate participatory planning, manage boundaries between participants, and assess impacts of NBS, empirical insights remain scarce. This paper aims to develop and test a Geodesign process for planning with NBS, and to evaluate its contributions to boundary management.

Endocrinology of Transgender Medicine.

Gender-affirming treatment of transgender people requires a multidisciplinary approach in which endocrinologists play a crucial role. The aim of this paper is to review recent data on hormonal treatment of this population and its effect on physical, psychological, and mental health. The Endocrine Society guidelines for transgender women include estrogens in combination with androgen-lowering medications.

Membrane Binding of Parkinson's Protein α-Synuclein: Effect of Phosphorylation at Positions 87 and 129 by the S to D Mutation Approach.

Human α-synuclein, a protein relevant in the brain with so-far unknown function, plays an important role in Parkinson's disease. The phosphorylation state of αS was related to the disease, prompting interest in this process. The presumed physiological function and the disease action of αS involves membrane interaction.

Investigating histological aspects of scars in children.

Objective: Very little is known about histological aspects of paediatric scars and the possible role of the immune system during their formation. In this study, the histology thoracic scars caused by the placement of an implantable central venous access device in children who underwent treatment for cancer was assessed.

Method: The amount and type of collagen, the collagen orientation, the type of elastic fibres, the vascularsation, and the count of neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes were analysed.

Diagnosis of myocarditis: Current state and future perspectives.

Myocarditis, i.e. inflammation of the myocardium, is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in young adults, and is an important cause of symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnea and palpitations.

Calcium-sensing receptor activation in chronic kidney disease: effects beyond parathyroid hormone control.

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is an important complication of advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cinacalcet, an allosteric modulator of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) expressed in parathyroid glands, is the only calcimimetic approved to treat SHPT in patients on dialysis. By enhancing CaSR sensitivity for plasma extracellular calcium (Ca(2+)0), cinacalcet reduces serum parathyroid hormone, Ca(2+)0, and serum inorganic phosphorous concentrations, allowing better control of SHPT and CKD-mineral and bone disorders.

Chemical contamination and the ecological quality of surface water.

In the assessment of the quality of surface waters, the typical procedure is that the concentration of contaminants in the surface water is monitored and subsequently compared with their respective Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPCs). If the MPCs are not exceeded the water quality is considered to be safe. But can we be certain that this is true? We compared MPCs to observed and calculated effects of measured contaminants in Dutch surface waters and showed that effects of mixtures can cause a daphnid population to go extinct within 30h of exposure even when MPCs are not exceeded.

Understanding toxicity as processes in time.

Studies in ecotoxicology usually focus on a single end point (typically mortality, growth, or reproduction) at a standardized exposure time. The exposure time is chosen irrespective of the properties of the chemical under scrutiny, but should depend on the organism of choice in combination with the compound(s) of interest. This paper discusses the typical patterns for toxic effects in time that can be observed for the most encountered endpoints growth reproduction and survival.

A review of DEB theory in assessing toxic effects of mixtures.

In this manuscript we review the use of mechanistic models to interpret effects of mixtures of compounds within the framework of the Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory. Within this approach the effect of a mixture is built up from the effects of the individual components making up the mixture. Understanding effects of mixtures is essential as it is impossible to assess effects of all possible mixtures experimentally.

Prediction of daphnid survival after in situ exposure to complex mixtures.

We applied a mechanistically based model to predict the effects of complex mixtures as occurring in the field on the survival of Daphnia magna. We validated the model by comparing predicted survival with observed survival of in situ exposed laboratory cultured daphnids to polluted surface waters, in which over 90 chemical contaminants were measured. Using the chemical composition of the surface water at each sampling site, we calculated whether or not any of the individual or shared no effect concentrations were exceeded.

Model-based experimental design for assessing effects of mixtures of chemicals.

We exposed flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum) to a mixture of four poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The experimental setup was chosen such that the emphasis was on assessing partial effects. We interpreted the effects of the mixture by a process-based model, with a threshold concentration for effects on survival.

A model to analyze effects of complex mixtures on survival.

In ecotoxicology there is a growing interest in effects of mixtures. The aim of this research was to develop a biology-based model that describes effects of mixtures on survival in time. The model works from the individual compounds in the mixture.

Across the continuum of attention skills: a twin study of the SWAN ADHD rating scale.

Introduction: Most behavior checklists for attention problems or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) such as the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) have a narrow range of scores, focusing on the extent to which problems are present. It has been proposed that measuring attention on a continuum, from positive attention skills to attention problems, will add value to our understanding of ADHD and related problems. The Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal behavior scale (SWAN) is such a scale.

The relation between frontal EEG asymmetry and the risk for anxiety and depression.

Frontal asymmetry of EEG alpha power (FA) may index the risk for anxiety and depression. Evidence linking FA to the underlying biological mechanisms is scarce. This is unfortunate because FA has potential as a biological marker to support gene finding in anxiety and depression.

Genetic analyses of teacher ratings of problem behavior in 5-year-old twins.

Behavioral problems in young children can be assessed by asking their parents or teachers to rate their behaviors. Genetic analyses of parental ratings show relatively large heritabilities for emotional and behavioral problems in young children, but data from teachers for this age group are scarce. Sources of variation in the Teacher's Report Form (TRF) problem scales were examined.

Teachers' ratings of gross motor skills suffer from low concurrent validity.

In this study an attempt was made to construct a reliable and valid unifactorial teachers' rating scale for gross motor ability. Study 1 (132 children from 3 to 7 years) revealed that reliability of the scale was acceptable and that the scale represented an unifactorial dimension. Two studies on concurrent validity of the scale with an experimental gross motor task (stepping-stone crossing), the unifactorial subtest Locomotion of the Test of Gross Motor Development and the subtest Balance of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children as criterion measures, did not produce acceptable validity coefficients.

On the role of working memory in response interference.

A recent study by de Fockert, et al. claimed that working memory and selective attention are interacting cognitive systems. We used a dual task design that closely resembled de Fockert, et al.

Drinking like a man: the paradox of excessive drinking for seventeenth-century dutch youths.

In the early modern period, drinking alcohol was an integral part of Dutch social and cultural life. Toast were made to the health of unborn babies, for job nominations, and at funerals. Young people started to consume alcohol at an early age.

The predictive validity of the drug-naive bilaterally MPTP-treated monkey as a model of Parkinson's disease: effects of L-DOPA and the D1 agonist SKF 82958.

The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to study the predictive validity of the drug-naive, bilaterally MPTP-treated monkey as an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD), and (2) to investigate the therapeutic and undesired effects of the D1 agonist SKF 82958 as compared to L-DOPA treatment, in drug-naive and L-DOPA pretreated monkeys. A detailed ethogram was used, allowing the separation of therapeutic and undesired effects. Eight weeks after bilateral intracarotid MPTP administration, SKF 82958 (1 mg/kg, n = 4, SKF 82958, naive group) or methyl-L-DOPA + carbi-dopa (10 + 2.

The validity of the pretreated, unilaterally MPTP-treated monkeys as a model of Parkinson's disease: a detailed behavioural analysis of the therapeutic and undesired effects of the D2 agonist quinpirole and the D1 agonist SKF 81297.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the validity of the pretreated, unilaterally MPTP-treated monkey as an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD). For that purpose, a detailed ethogram was developed and assessed in four male rhesus monkeys that had received MPTP (2.5 mg) in the carotid artery contralateral to the dominant limb.

Cognition in children does not suffer from very low lead exposure.

We studied the relationship between exposure to lead and memory and attention in children. Participants were 313 boys aged 9 to 12 years who attended special education schools in the Netherlands. Children whose possible attentional or memory problems were obviously due to causes other than lead contamination were excluded from the study.