34 results match your criteria: "Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science[Affiliation]"

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is synonymous with thyroid failure (a milder form). It is a condition characterized by normal laboratory ranges of serum FT4 and FT3 levels, but serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are slightly increased above the normal range.

Objective: The leading aims and objectives of the study were: (1) establishing a correlation between the presence of modifiable risk factors of ischemic heart disease in subjects with SCH.

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Article Synopsis
  • The review highlights common mistakes in diagnosing primary cluster headaches (CHs) using seven case examples to illustrate these pitfalls.
  • Recent findings suggest that while CHs and migraines share some similarities, such as genetic factors and autonomic features, they also have distinct characteristics that can aid in differentiation.
  • Key clinical features, such as restlessness during attacks, are crucial for diagnosing CHs and distinguishing them from other headache disorders, particularly within the group of Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias (TACs).
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Purpose Of Review: To describe the clinical manifestations of Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) and discuss its pathogenesis in light of recent research.

Recent Findings: The pathogenesis of HE is uncertain. Available evidences point towards an autoimmune etiology due to vasculitis or other inflammatory process.

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Neurological Complications of Dengue Fever.

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

August 2022

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Kolkata, India.

Purpose Of Review: To discuss the neurological complications of dengue virus (DENV) infection and their pathogenesis.

Recent Findings: Include recognition of the four different serotypes of DENV and their epidemiology as well as recognition of the expanded dengue syndrome encompassing multisystem involvement in the severe form of the disease including involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). DENV is a neurotropic virus with the ability to infect the supporting cells of the CNS.

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Neurological Manifestations of Scrub Typhus.

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

August 2022

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Kolkata, India.

Purpose Of Review: The occurrence of cases of scrub typhus is on the rise in South Asian and Southeast Asian countries. The present review discusses neurological complications following scrub typhus to appraise clinicians practicing in endemic regions about considering this treatable disease in the differential diagnosis of acute febrile illnesses, especially when accompanied with clinical neurological features.

Recent Findings: While the association of aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and meningoencephalitis with scrub typhus is well known, more recently described neurological syndromes associated with scrub typhus include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, various cranial nerve palsies, cerebellitis, cerebrovascular diseases including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, transverse myelitis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, parkinsonism, and many more.

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Neurological Complications of Malaria.

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

August 2022

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Kolkata, India.

Purpose Of Review: To discuss the neurological complications and pathophysiology of organ damage following malaria infection.

Recent Findings: The principal advancement made in malaria research has been a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM), the most dreaded neurological complication generally caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection. However, no definitive treatment has yet been evolved other than the use of antimalarial drugs and supportive care.

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Primary amenorrhoea (PA) is considered to be one of the challenging and taxing problems for the gynaecologist. Previous studies suggested that different numerical and structural chromosome abnormalities are associated with this. Heterochromatin polymorphisms are considered to be normal variant but considering the recent research on crucial cellular effects of heterochromatin, we have aimed to find out the prevalence of heteromorphism along with other standard chromosomal abnormalities.

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Malignant eccrine spiradenoma is an extremely rare neoplasm of adnexal origin. It almost always originates from a preexisting long standing eccrine spiradenoma. We present a case of malignant eccrine spiradenoma arising from benign counterpart and having both carcinomatous and sarcomatous differentiation.

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The burden of axial spondyloarthropathy (axSpA) in the Asia-Pacific region is substantial. The management of axSpA has been revolutionized with the advent of biological therapy where the disease activity, functional disability and negative psychological affect can be mitigated to a great extent. On the other hand, exercise remains an essential component of the treatment of axSpA at all stages, which is often discounted or underused.

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Hypospadias is a rare birth deformity characterised by shortening of urethra with dorsal ectopia of the urethral meatus. The occurrence of hypospadias in female patients is extremely rare. We present a young female complaining of recurrent urinary tract infection and voiding difficulty caused by hypospadias.

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Advanced Diabetic Nephropathy with "Clean" Eyes: An Extreme Phenotype.

Indian J Endocrinol Metab

January 2018

Department of Endocrinology, Park Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Introduction: It is generally accepted that renal and eye changes in diabetes are concordant. There are however a fair number of patients with diabetes who have end-stage renal disease (ESRD) without any of the typical eye changes. The present study highlights the discordance between retinopathy and nephropathy and describes a series of patients of long-standing diabetes undergoing renal transplant who had little or no evidence of retinopathy.

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Thyroglossal cyst: an unusual presentation.

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

July 2013

Cancer Centre and Welfare Home, Thakurpukur, Calcutta, India.

To highlight the difference in symptoms, clinical features and management of an intralingual thyroglossal cyst from a classical thyroglossal cyst. We present here the case of a 10 year old boy, who presented to us with the chief complaint of difficulty in speech for 2 years. A marble shaped swelling was seen on the base of the tongue.

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Author's reply.

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

October 2012

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Calcutta, West Bengal, India.

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Ophthalmoplegic migraine: A critical analysis and a new proposal.

Ann Indian Acad Neurol

August 2012

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Kolkatta, West Bengal, India.

The nosology, classification and pathophysiology of ophthalmoplegic migraine (OM) remains complex and debatable. A recently proposed classification of OM leaves several caveats. A critical analysis of all reported cases of OM (1993-2010) has been made incorporating the authors' own experience to arrive at a simple, unambiguous and easy to use diagnostic criteria and classification of OM.

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The nondominant inferior parietal lobule is probably a major "store house" of artistic creativity. The ventromedial prefrontal lobe (VMPFL) is supposed to be involved in creative cognition and the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe (DLPFL) in creative output. The conceptual ventral and dorsal visual system pathways likely represent the inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculi.

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The case of an 82-year-old female with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), who developed unusual artistic creativity after development of her disease, is described. The possible pathogenetic mechanism is discussed. The patient showed no inclination toward visual arts during her premorbid years.

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The case of a 77-year-old hypertensive man presenting with hemifacial spasm and glossodynia is reported. Imaging studies revealed gross dolichoectasia of the vertebrobasilar arterial system with pontine compression. It is suggested that the neurologic symptoms most likely resulted from pontine compression, rather than from any compression of the cranial nerves.

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The present study focuses on the incidence of epileptic seizures in 1000 patients (200 children and 800 adults) with migraine. Very few patients with migraine had history of epileptic seizures. No patient had migraine-induced seizures and none had seizure-induced migraine like headaches.

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Article Synopsis
  • The essay explores the mysterious smile of the Mona Lisa, highlighting ongoing debates in the art community regarding its meaning and significance.
  • The author introduces a new concept called 'dynamism' in art neuroscience, which describes how artists create an illusion of movement in static artworks, potentially engaging the viewer's brain in unique ways.
  • It is suggested that Leonardo da Vinci intentionally designed the angles of Mona Lisa’s mouth to enhance this illusion of movement, thereby elevating the painting's aesthetic value.
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Biologics in dermatologic therapy - an update.

Indian J Dermatol

July 2009

Department of Dermatology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, Kolkata, India.

Biologics are protein molecules which are used in various diseases to target the specific points in the immunopathogenesis of the diseases. The molecules are produced by recombinant DNA technology. The molecules bind to the specific targets without interfering wtih rest of the pathogenetic pathways.

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How triggers trigger acute migraine attacks: a hypothesis.

Med Hypotheses

April 2010

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, 1E 1202, Avishikta II, Calcutta 700 078, India.

A trigger is an integral part of any acute migraine attack. In this article, the author argues that triggers, identifiable or not, must be present in all attacks of migraine headache. It is hypothesized that triggers, internal or external, induce the onset of cortical spreading depression (CSD) in a pre-existing hyper-excitable cortex of a migraine brain, initiating the process of pain generation.

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The creative brain--revisiting concepts.

Med Hypotheses

March 2010

Department of Neurology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Science, 1E 1202, Avishikta II, Calcutta 700 078, India.

Article Synopsis
  • Creativity is a multi-faceted phenomenon that intertwines intelligence, knowledge, and specific cognitive functions, with a complex neural basis that can be difficult to define.
  • The creative process involves four main stages: preparation, incubation, illumination, and verification, relying on divergent thinking and a somewhat disinhibited frontal lobe function to enhance creative flow.
  • Connectivity within the brain, both between hemispheres and within them, is crucial for creativity, with neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine playing significant roles in the innovation process.
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The present report provides a detailed head to head comparative study of migraine pain location at onset and during established headache between children and adults belonging to the same ethnic group. Migraine pain location in 200 children and adolescents had already been reported (Chakravarty et al. in Cephalalgia 27:1109-1114, 2007).

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