Comparison of profile of retinopathy of prematurity in semiurban/rural and urban NICUs in Karnataka, India.

Purpose: To identify and compare the profile of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature babies in urban and semiurban neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).

Methods: A prospective study of babies admitted to NICUs of two urban and seven semiurban centres. They were <36 weeks of gestational age and were subjected to fundus photography with a RetCam shuttle camera.

Perspectives of Quantiferon TB Gold test among Indian practitioners: a survey.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the preferences and perspectives regarding the Quantiferon TB Gold test for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in India. A survey was distributed among 46 uveitis specialists, rheumatologists, and pulmonologists with a minimum of 2 years experience in the management of tuberculosis, in order to restrict the respondents to specialists who have used this test in their practice in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Topics included demographics, usage, logistics, effectiveness, and preferences related to the Quantiferon TB Gold test.

Associations of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis in a South Indian patient population.

Background: The purpose of this study is to look for any possible associations in 58 consecutive cases of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) in a South Indian patient population. Fifty-eight consecutive cases (59 eyes) of FHI underwent a detailed ocular and systemic evaluation. Routine laboratory investigations for uveitis including serum angiotensin-converting enzyme and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for toxoplasmosis (IgG and IgM) were done in all the cases.

Mobile diabetes eye care: experience in developing countries.

The prevalence of diabetes in developing countries is on the increase and along with it the need to provide structured care to avoid the feared long term complications among them loss of vision and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy (DR). The biggest hurdle facing most developing countries is the lack of resources and trained manpower to both screen and treat the large number of people with DR. Countries also face the additional problem of unequal distribution of resources between the urban and rural areas.

Predictors for tubercular uveitis: a comparison between biopsy-proven cases of tubercular and sarcoid uveitis.

Aim: To look for clinical parameters that will assist in making a diagnosis of tubercular or sarcoid uveitis in a South Indian patient population

Methods: Retrospective, nonrandomized, comparative study of 51 patients with a diagnosis of biopsy-proven tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. These patients had a minimum of 1-year follow-up after initiating treatment for either disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine clinical predictors of tubercular uveitis.

Clinical profile of ocular sarcoidosis in a South Indian patient population.

Aim: To report the ocular and systemic features in patients with definite and presumed sarcoidosis presenting to a tertiary referral eye center in south India.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective observational case series. Records of 51 patients with diagnosis of sarcoidosis were retrieved.

Large drusen following long-standing retinal detachment.

We report an interesting finding of multiple large drusen in an eviscerated eye with a longstanding retinal detachment. The origin and composition of the drusen is also speculated on the basis of special stains.

Scleral nodule and bilateral disc edema as a presenting manifestation of systemic sarcoidosis.

Aim: To report a rare presentation of a large scleral nodule with bilateral disc edema as the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective interventional case report.

Results: A 58-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of nodular scleritis.

Two successive ocular malignancies in the same eye of a HIV-positive patient: a case report.

Purpose: To report 2 successive ocular malignancies in the same eye of a HIV-positive patient at different CD4 counts.

Materials And Methods: A 36-year-old retrovirus-positive male presented with no perception of light in the left eye of 1 month duration. CD4 counts were 44 cells/mm(3).

Neuroretinitis as a manifestation of Lyme disease in South India: a case report.

Purpose: To report a rare case of Lyme disease with neuroretinitis from South India.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective case report. A 45-year-old lady who hails from the Nagarhole forest in South India presented with a history of tick bite followed by diminution of vision in the left eye.

Bilateral arteritis with cytomegalovirus retinitis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

Purpose: To report an interesting ocular finding and course of bilateral arteritis with cytomegalovirus retinitis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Methods: Retrospective single case report.

Results: A 39-year-old HIV-positive man on highly active antiretroviral therapy presented with a history of diminution of vision in both eyes of 1-month duration.

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in a patient with tubercular panuveitis.

We report a rare presentation of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome in a patient with tubercular panuveitis. A 45-year-old male being treated with antitubercular therapy for tubercular panuveitis presented with unilateral, non-pitting right upper eyelid edema. Excision biopsy showed granulomatous inflammation involving the lymphatics.

Coin-shaped epithelial lesions following an acute attack of erythema multiforme minor with confocal microscopy findings.

We report an interesting ocular finding of bilateral multiple coin-shaped epithelial lesions along with the confocal microscopy findings in a patient following an acute attack of erythema multiforme (EM) minor. A 30-year-old male presented with a history of watering and irritation in both eyes of three days duration. He was diagnosed to have EM minor and was on oral acyclovir.

Insect wing tarsal foreign body causing conjunctival granuloma and marginal keratitis.

A 37 year old male was referred to our centre for management of episcleritis with peripheral keratitis in the right eye. He had a history of ocular discomfort in the right eye of 1 week duration. Slitlamp examination revealed marginal keratitis between 12'o clock to 2'o clock positions in the right eye.

Amyloidosis of lacrimal gland.

Primary localized amyloidosis of lacrimal gland is a rare occurrence. This report describes a female patient with isolated amyloidosis of the lacrimal gland. A 45-year-old Indian woman presented with a swelling over the left lacrimal gland region.

Utility of QuantiFERON TB gold test in a south Indian patient population of ocular inflammation.

Aim: To study the utility of interferon-g release assays (QuantiFERON TB gold test) in a south Indian patient population of intraocular inflammation.

Design: Evaluation of a diagnostic test- a pilot study from January 2007 to October 2008.

Materials And Methods: QuantiFERON TB gold test was performed on the following groups of patients following an informed consent.

Role of the mantoux test and treatment with antitubercular therapy in a South Indian patient population of presumed intraocular tuberculosis.

Aim: To assess the role of mantoux test and ATT in presumed intraocular tuberculosis in South India.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective study of 51 records of patients with recurrent uveitis with a documented positive mantoux test and a minimum of 1 year followup from the time of initiation of ATT between January 1997 and May 2008. The main outcome measure was the recurrence of inflammation after 1 year of starting ATT.

Vision recovery in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with optic neuropathy treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy: a case series.

We describe three patients with bilateral, presumed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced optic neuropathy. The above diagnosis was made by exclusion of infectious agents and neoplasms by detailed clinical and laboratory investigations. All patients had decreased visual acuity, pale optic discs and constriction of visual fields.

A study of the efficacy of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation for the treatment of refractory glaucomas.

Background: Endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) is a relatively new method of cyclodestruction which can be used in the management of refractory glaucomas.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ECP in the management of refractory glaucomas.

Settings And Design: Prospective interventional non-comparative study.

Primary bilateral multifocal choroiditis as an initial manifestation of disseminated cryptococcosis in a HIV-positive patient.

Purpose: To report a rare case of primary bilateral multifocal choroiditis due to disseminated cryptococcus infection in a HIV-positive patient.

Methods: Retrospective report. A 30-year-old asymptomatic HIV-positive male referred to us for a routine ophthalmic evaluation had bilateral, multiple choroidal lesions.

Bilateral retinitis following chikun- gunya fever.

A 35-year-old male with a history of chikungunya fever, presented with diminution of vision in the right eye of one-week duration. His best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was counting fingers 2 meters and 20/20 (Snellens) in the right and left eyes respectively. A diagnosis of neuroretinitis was made in the right eye while left eye showed features of retinitis.

Triple A syndrome with ophthalmic manifestations in two siblings.

Triple A syndrome (Allgrove syndrome) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by adrenocorticotropic hormone resistant adrenal insufficiency, alacrima, achalasia of the esophageal cardia, progressive neurological degeneration and occasionally autonomic instability. We report the ophthalmic manifestations in 2 siblings from a consanguineous family with this syndrome. A routine ophthalmic examination showed absence of palpebral portion of lacrimal gland, dry eyes and sluggish pupillary reflexes in both eyes of these patients.

Wavelike epitheliopathy after phacoemulsification: role of in vivo confocal microscopy.

Purpose: The purpose of this report was to describe an uncommon wavelike epitheliopathy after phacoemulsification in a 59-year-old man with well-controlled diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 59-year-old man with a history of well-controlled diabetes mellitus presented to us with irritation and blurring of vision in the right eye of 4-month duration after phacoemulsification with multifocal intraocular lens implantation.

Hypopyon uveitis following band keratopathy removal in ankylosing spondylitis-a case report.

Purpose: To report an interesting case of hypopyon uveitis following successive band keratopathy removal in both the eyes in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis.

Design: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 70-year-old Indian male with ankylosing spondylitis and a 40-year history of chronic anterior uveitis underwent band keratopathy removal (EDTA chelation) in both eyes at an interval of six months.