Endogenous Endophthalmitis Presenting with Iris Nodules.

Aim: We report a unique finding of iris nodules in a woman with endogenous endophthalmitis due to with no history of ocular surgery or trauma and good visual outcome.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 39-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with a decrease in vision in the right eye of 1-month duration.

Role of optical coherence tomography angiography in retinal tumors: A narrative review.

Intraocular tumors constitute a small subset of cases in ophthalmologic practice. Proper diagnosis of intraocular tumors is crucial because some pose threat to vision and life, while others may indicate underlying systemic disorders. Intraocular tumors comprise benign and malignant lesions affecting the retina, choroid, optic disc, iris, and ciliary body.

Recurrent Choroidal Neovascular Membrane as the Initial Presentation of -Associated Serpiginoid Choroiditis.

Purpose: To report a rare presentation of a proven case of infection presenting as multifocal choroiditis with recurrent choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) in one eye, initially misdiagnosed as punctate inner choroidopathy and later developed serpiginous-like choroiditis in the other eye.

Methods: Retrospective case report with a review of existing literature.

Results: A 30-year-old women presented with metamorphopsia (OD) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/24 (OD) and was diagnosed to have punctate inner choroidopathy with CNVM (OD).

Vascular Changes in Eyes with Post-Fever Retinitis Pre and Post Treatment Demonstrated Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To document vascular changes in eyes with post-fever retinitis (PFR) pre and post treatment demonstrated using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This is a retrospective observational case series wherein patients with PFR were retrospectively evaluated for changes in the retinal vasculature during the course of disease using OCTA.

Results: At presentation, OCTA revealed flow void areas in superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) corresponding to the areas of retinitis.

Efficacy of peribulbar bupivacaine at the end of surgery in the management of postoperative pain after scleral buckling.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of peribulbar bupivacaine with routine analgesics for pain management in patients undergoing scleral buckling.

Methods: In total, 72 patients undergoing scleral buckling or combined with vitrectomy were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into two groups, each containing 36 patients.

Clinical profile and treatment outcomes in pediatric uveitis - A series from South India.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to look at the clinical spectrum, treatment options, and visual outcomes in a large cohort of pediatric uveitis from a tertiary eye care center in South India.

Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out at a tertiary eye center in South India. Cases of pediatric uveitis between January 2012 and June 2022 were retrieved from the hospital's medical database.

Digital contrast sensitivity chart with varying visual acuity: Development and validation.

Background: Contrast sensitivity (CS) evaluation is very much necessary for the diagnosis and management of eye conditions. Several disadvantages seen in the traditionally used Pelli-Robson (PR) chart persuaded us to develop a novel digital device for the evaluation of CS at various levels of visual acuity (VA) for early detection of deteriorating vision.

Materials And Methods: The new chart was constructed on the Debian software.

Tubercular Serpiginous-Like Choroiditis in Patients with Negative TB-Immunoreactivity Tests.

Background: Serpiginous-like choroiditis (SLC) denotes ocular tuberculosis (TB), in the presence of positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA).

Methods: Retrospective review of SLC patients from a TB-endemic country, with negative TST and IGRA tests, but responsive to anti-TB therapy.

Results: Fifteen patients (13 bilateral) with active SLC  were included.

A rare case report of panuveitis with retinochoroidal involvement, retinitis, and retinal vasculitis due to extensive tinea corporis.

A 40-year-old Asian Indian woman, diagnosed as having idiopathic panuveitis (elsewhere) 3 years earlier and being treated with oral steroids (20 mg/day) and methotrexate (25 mg/week), presented to us with worsening vision in both eyes. Her best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was perception of light in her right eye and counting fingers close to face in her left eye. A slit lamp examination showed an anterior chamber (AC) reaction (1+) in both eyes with posterior synechia, a total cataract in her right eye, and pseudophakia in her left eye.

Posterior segment involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus - A series from South India.

Purpose: To report the spectrum of posterior segment manifestations and visual outcomes in a large series of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Retrospective study at a tertiary referral eye center in south India between 2016 and 2022.

Results: Charts of 109 patients diagnosed to have SLE were retrieved from our medical database.

In Response to Oyeniran E, Katz D, Kodati S's Isolated Optic Disc Granuloma as a Presenting Sign of Sarcoidosis.

We read with great interest the article by Oyeniran E et al. on "Isolated optic disc granuloma as a presenting sign of sarcoidosis." We would like to share our experience with a similar optic nerve head granuloma secondary to sarcoidosis in the absence of any systemic symptoms and no evidence of signs of periocular/intraocular inflammation.

Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis in a Young Lady with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Post Rituximab Infusion-A Case Report.

Aim: We report a new ocular finding of episcleritis (OD) and peripheral ulcerative keratitis (OS) in a 40-year-old lady with a 13-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 3 weeks post-rituximab infusion.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 40-year-old lady with a history of SLE and 3 weeks post rituximab infusion developed a new onset episcleritis (OD) and peripheral ulcerative keratitis (OS).

The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS)-1: A Multinational Review of 447 Patients with Tubercular Intermediate Uveitis and Panuveitis.

Tubercular intermediate uveitis (TIU) and panuveitis (TBP) are difficult to manage because of limitations in diagnostic tools and lack of evidence-based treatment guidelines. The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) analyzed treatment regimens and therapeutic outcomes in patients with TIU and TBP. Multicentre retrospective analysis.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on uveitis patients receiving immunomodulatory and biological therapies (COPE STUDY).

Purpose: To evaluate the change in the ongoing immunomodulatory (IMT) and biological therapies among patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), and determine the number of uveitis relapses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this national multicentric prospective case series, data of subjects with NIU receiving corticosteroids, systemic IMT and/or biological agents were analysed. The data collection was performed from 1 March 2020 to 25 June 2020.

Recommendations for the management of ocular sarcoidosis from the International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis.

Aims: To establish expert recommendations for the management of ocular sarcoidosis (OS).

Methods: A question-based survey on the management of OS was circulated to international uveitis experts (members of the International Uveitis Study Group and the International Ocular Inflammation Society) electronically. Subsequently, a consensus workshop was conducted at the 7th International Workshop on Ocular Sarcoidosis (IWOS) in June 2019 in Sapporo, Japan as part of the Global Ocular Inflammation Workshops.

Diagnostic Markers in Ocular Sarcoidosis in A High TB Endemic Population - A Multicentre Study.

Aim: To look at markers to differentiate ocular sarcoidosis from ocular tuberculosis in a high TB endemic population.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective multicenter study involving seven tertiary eyecare centers in India between July 2016 to December 2016. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from respective hospital databases.

Uveitis, retinal vasculitis, and loss of accommodation as sole manifestations of demyelinating disease: A case report.

In this report we describe nongranulomatous uveitis followed by bilateral retinal vasculitis and much later by the loss of accommodation as initial presentations of demyelinating disease in a 42-year-old female with no other neurologic manifestations. The absence of demyelinating plaques in the initial magneric resonance imaging (MRI) (orbit and cranium) and its occurrence 2 years later, have been described as "lesions appearing with time". Extensive laboratory investigations ruled out infections, systemic vasculitis, and connective tissue disorders.

Worsening of posterior scleritis and orbital pseudotumor in a patient with granulomatosis polyangiitis with rituximab-A case report.

We report a case of exacerbation of posterior scleritis and orbital pseudotumor in a patient with granulomatosis polyangiitis, with initial rituximab infusion. Modifications in rituximab protocols including reduction in maintenance dose for subsequent infusions with increase in premedication dose of intravenous methyl prednisolone may be useful to prevent periinfusional flares. In this case report, we highlight a rare occurrence and modification in rituximab protocol to prevent post-infusional flare of inflammation.

Drug-induced uveitis: A review.

Uveitis maybe induced by the use of various medications known as drug-induced uveitis (DIU), though rare it is an important cause of uveitis which one needs to be aware of. The drugs may be administered through any route including systemic, topical, and intravitreal. Ocular inflammation can be in the form of anterior, intermediate, posterior or pan uveitis, and rarely may present as episcleritis and scleritis.

Viral anterior uveitis.

Viral anterior uveitis (VAU) needs to be suspected in anterior uveitis (AU) associated with elevated intraocular pressure, corneal involvement, and iris atrophic changes. Common etiologies of VAU include herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, cytomegalovirus, and rubella virus. Clinical presentations can vary from granulomatous AU with corneal involvement, Posner-Schlossman syndrome, Fuchs uveitis syndrome, and endothelitis.