Survival after trimodal therapy in octogenarians with organ-confined urothelial bladder cancer.

Objectives: It is not known whether cancer-specific mortality (CSM) differences distinguish radical cystectomy (RC) from trimodal therapy (TMT) in octogenarians harbouring organ-confined (T2N0M0) urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder (UCUB).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2021), CSM and other-cause mortality (OCM) rates were computed in octogenarian patients with organ-confined UCUB undergoing either TMT or RC. Smoothed cumulative incidence plots depicted 5-year CSM and OCM rates according to RC vs TMT.

Association of the Cervical Canal Area With Disability and Progression in People With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background And Objectives: In multiple sclerosis (MS), brain reserve serves as a protective factor against cognitive impairment. Previous research has suggested a structural counterpart in the spine-spinal cord reserve-seemed to be associated with physical disability. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the cervical canal area (CCaA) as a proxy for spinal cord reserve in a multicentric cohort of people with MS (PwMS).

Behind the scenes: exploring neurological journal editors' work habits, decisions, and potential sources of conflict of interest.

Background And Objectives: Editors of scientific journals play a key role in the health-related research process. Our study aims to characterize the demographics, work habits, decision-making processes, and ethical challenges faced by editors of neurological journals and to evaluate associations between editor or journal characteristics and editorial decisions, as well as sources of conflict of interest.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involving editors from neurological journals that fell above the 50th percentile in the Scimago rankings.

Unveiling preferences in multiple sclerosis care: insights from an Italian discrete-choice experiment with patients and healthcare professionals.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory, demyelinating, neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system, significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Understanding patient and healthcare professional (HCP) preferences for MS treatments is crucial for optimizing therapeutic strategies and improving adherence and outcomes. This Discrete-Choice Experiment (DCE) assesses preferences for various MS treatment attributes among Italian patients and HCPs.

TB Anywhere, TB Everywhere. The First Case of pre-Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treated with BPaL in Italy: Challenges and Opportunities for Transborder Collaboration.

Even if in the past years new effective, safe, and orally administrable drugs are available to create shorter regimens, drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) treatment remains a critical issue and a major challenge faced by clinicians worldwide. We present the first case of transborder pulmonary pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR)-TB treated in Italy with the bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid regimen. Diagnosis and treatment were started in Ukraine, and, after a month of treatment, due to the Russo-Ukrainian war, the patient moved to Italy, where the diagnosis was confirmed both by genotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and treatment continued.

Single spike mutation differentiating XBB.1 and XBB.1.5 enhances SARS-CoV-2 cell-to-cell transmission and facilitates serum-mediated enhancement.

Introduction: The ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants poses significant challenges to existing therapeutics. The spike (S) glycoprotein is central to both viral entry and cell-to-cell transmission via syncytia formation, a process that confers resistance to neutralizing antibodies. The mechanisms underlying this resistance, particularly in relation to spike-mediated fusion, remain poorly understood.

Overall impact of tethering and of its symmetric and asymmetric subtypes on early and long-term outcome of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair of significant mitral valve regurgitation.

Background: Tethering is a common condition of the mitral valve apparatus in the presence of significant regurgitation. Its impact on outcomes of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) remains poorly characterized.

Methods: We appraised the prevalence, features, procedural details, and outcomes of patients with or without mitral valve tethering in a prospective multicenter observational study.

Corrigendum to "Differential efficacy of medical therapies for ulcerative colitis according to disease extent: patient-level analysis from multiple randomized controlled trials" volume 72, 102621.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.

Nephrotoxicity in locally advanced head and neck cancer: when the end justifies the means to preserve nutritional status during chemoradiation.

Cisplatin is a nephrotoxic agent able to damage renal function both in acute and chronic phases. Radiotherapy concomitant with cisplatin 100 mg/m given once every 3 weeks is the curative standard of care for locally advanced head and neck cancer. A prospective evaluation of a wide range of biochemical and anthropometrical parameters, handgrip strength, risk of malnutrition, visual analogue scale of appetite, and body composition was performed before, during, and after concomitant chemoradiotherapy in 60 consecutive patients affected by locally advanced head and neck cancer.

COmplexity of CARE and Discharge barriers: the 'modern internal medicine patient'. Results from the CO-CARED Study.

The ongoing demographic, epidemiological and social changes are dramatically raising the clinical and care complexity of patients admitted to internal medicine (IM) departments. Collecting evidence for a better characterization of patients is crucial to tailor future interventions based on patient's real needs. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to describe the complexity of care of patients hospitalized in IM by calculating the complexity of care (ICC) score, through the combination of clinical instability (NEWS score) and care dependency scales (mICD).

Challenges in developing response evaluation criteria for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: A consensus report from the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Advisory Board Meeting 2022 and the ENETS Theranostics Task Force.

Assessing the response to systemic therapy in neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is challenging since morphological imaging response is often delayed and not necessarily reflective of clinical benefit. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has a complex mechanism of action, further complicating response assessment. In response to these challenges, the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Theranostics Task Force conducted a statement-based survey among experts to identify the current landscape and unmet needs in PRRT response assessment.

IgG4 in the gut: Gastrointestinal IgG4-related disease or a new subtype of inflammatory bowel disease.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by tissue infiltration with IgG4-positive plasma cells, leading to fibrosis and organ dysfunction. While primarily affecting the pancreas, bile ducts, and salivary glands, IgG4-RD can also involve the gastrointestinal tract, raising questions about its relationship with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent studies suggest that patients with IBD may exhibit histological and serological features consistent with IgG4-RD, such as a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, a storiform-type of fibrosis and a prominent IgG4 immune response.

Serum 25(OH)D levels and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome severity in patients without comorbidities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: The aim of the present systematic review was to corroborate existing evidence on how serum25(OH)D levels affect obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) severity in the absence of comorbidities.

Methods: From inception to May 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases were systematically screened to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, prospective, and retrospective studies. A strict search protocol was applied following the application of PROSPERO, under the registration number CRD42023468744.

Racial Disparities in Future Development of Lethal Prostate Cancer Based on Midlife Baseline Prostate-Specific Antigen.

Background: Previous studies found that Midlife Baseline PSA (MB PSA) predicts the risk of developing lethal prostate cancer (PCa), although the cohorts were homogenous in terms of racial compositions. We aimed to investigate racial disparities in the predictive value of MB PSA for lethal PCa in a diverse, contemporary, North American population.

Methods: Our cohort included White and Black men aged 40-59 years, who underwent MB PSA through our health system.

Retromode imaging in vitreoretinal lymphoma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Retromode (Nidek Co., Gamagori, Japan) as an adjunct diagnostic tool in vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL). By integrating Retromode findings with multimodal imaging, we aimed to enhance lesion detection of VRL lesions in the retina.

Atypical oscillatory and aperiodic signatures of visual sampling in developmental dyslexia.

Temporal processing deficits in Developmental Dyslexia (DD) have been documented extensively at the behavioral level, leading to the formulation of neural theories positing that such anomalies in parsing multisensory input rely on aberrant synchronization of neural oscillations or to an excessive level of neural noise. Despite reading being primarily supported by visual functions, experimental evidence supporting these theories remains scarce. Here, we tested 26 adults with DD (9 females) and 31 neurotypical controls (16 females) with a temporal segregation/integration task that required participants to either integrate or segregate two rapidly presented displays while their EEG activity was recorded.

Biology of post-transplant relapse: actionable features.

In patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation to cure acute myeloid leukemia (AML), recurrence of the underlying disease, or relapse, represents a crucial unanswered issue and prominent cause of mortality. Still, over recent years, advancements in omic technologies have allowed us to gain new insights into the dynamic changes occurring in cancer and the host over the course of treatments, providing a novel evolutionary perspective on the issue of disease relapse. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the molecular features of relapsing AML, with a specific focus on changes in the mutational asset of the disease and in the interplay between the tumor and the donor-derived immune system.