Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior on Well-Being and Self-Rated Health of Italian Public Health Medical Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The PHRASI Study.

High workloads and extended work shift greatly limit the opportunities for medical residents to adopt a healthy lifestyle by practicing regular physical exercise. Using data from the Public Health Residents' Anonymous Survey in Italy (PHRASI), this research assessed the associations between physical activity levels and sedentary behavior, well-being, and self-rated health among Italian public health residents (PHRs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a cross-sectional design, this study utilized the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the WHO-5 Well-being Index, and the single-item self-rated health to measure physical activity, sedentary behavior, self-rated health, and well-being among PHRs.

Enlightening Hidden Nursing Care in Nurse-Led Clinics and See & Treat: An Observational Multicenter Protocol Study in Italy.

The limited and inconsistent adoption and regulation of nurse-led clinics (NLCs) and "See & Treat" (S&T) services in Italy needs to be explored considering their value towards patients' outcomes acknowledged in the literature. This study aims to explore the phenomenon of hidden nursing activities (HNAs) in these settings, hypothesizing that features and activities performed in these settings are heterogeneous across the country and widely underreported or attributed to other professionals than nurses. HNAs are hypothesized to be associated with a poor work environment climate and nurses' low job satisfaction.

Two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular events in people with MDR HIV: a matched cohort analysis with data from the PRESTIGIO registry.

Background: Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) may contribute to the high morbidity in people with four-class drug-resistant HIV (4DR-PWH).

Objectives: To explore the probability of MACEs in 4DR-PWH compared with non-4DR controls.

Methods: This was a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study on 4DR-PWH (cases) and non-4DR-PWH (controls), on ART, without previous MACEs.

The 36-week preeclampsia risk by the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm is associated with fetal compromise following induction of labor.

Background: Previous studies demonstrated that placental dysfunction leads to intrapartum fetal distress, particularly when an abnormal pattern of angiogenic markers is demonstrated at 36 weeks of gestation. Prediction of intrapartum fetal compromise is particularly important in patients undergoing induction of labor due to different indications for delivery, as this can be a useful in optimizing the method and timing of the induction.

Objective: To examine whether the risk of preeclampsia assessed by the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm (derived from a combination of maternal risk factors, mean arterial pressure, placental growth factor and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), associates with the risk of intrapartum fetal compromise requiring cesarean delivery, in a population of singleton pregnancies undergoing labor induction for various indications.

Training and temporally validating an NTCP model of acute toxicity after whole breast radiotherapy, including the impact of advanced delivery techniques.

Purpose: The aim is to train and validate a multivariable Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) model predicting acute skin reactions in patients with breast cancer receiving adjuvant Radiotherapy (RT).

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively reviewed 1570 single-institute patients with breast cancer treated with whole breast irradiation (40 Gy/15fr). The patients were divided into training (n = 878, treated with 3d-CRT, from 2009 to 2017) and validation cohorts (n = 692, treated from 2017 to 2021, including advanced RT techniques).

Psychometric properties of the revised quality of nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes instrument: A validation study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the revised quality of nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes (Q-DIO R) instrument, designed to measure the quality of nursing documentation, in an Italian healthcare setting.

Methods: The study followed a multi-phase validation process that included translation and cultural adaptation of the tool, expert evaluations to assess content and face validity, and a cross-sectional study to test reliability. Data were collected from nursing documentation in two hospitals in northern Italy, with 389 patient plans analyzed.

Boosting Psychotherapy With Noninvasive Brain Stimulation: The Whys and Wherefores of Modulating Neural Plasticity to Promote Therapeutic Change.

The phenomenon of neural plasticity pertains to the intrinsic capacity of neurons to undergo structural and functional reconfiguration through learning and experiential interaction with the environment. These changes could manifest themselves not only as a consequence of various life experiences but also following therapeutic interventions, including the application of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and psychotherapy. As standalone therapies, both NIBS and psychotherapy have demonstrated their efficacy in the amelioration of psychiatric disorders' symptoms, with a certain variability in terms of effect sizes and duration.

Psychopathology and NREM sleep parasomnias: A systematic review.

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep parasomnias are abnormal motor and/or emotional behaviors originating from "deep" slow-wave sleep and with a multifactorial origin. The relationship between NREM parasomnias and psychopathology has been a topic of ongoing debate, but a comprehensive and systematic perspective has been lacking. This systematic review, conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA-P) guidelines, aims to fill this gap in the literature.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy VI-RADS Scores for Assessing Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer Response to Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy with Multiparametric MRI.

Background An accurate method of assessing the response of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) to neoadjuvant treatment is needed for selecting candidates for bladder-sparing strategies. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and reproducibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (nacVI-RADS) scores and posttreatment Vesical Imaging Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) scores when assessing MIBC response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI). Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of MRI scans was conducted in patients enrolled in the PURE-01 study (NCT02736266) from February 2017 to December 2019 who underwent pre- and postimmunotherapy mpMRI before radical cystectomy.

Systematic Review: Efficacy of Medical Therapy on Outcomes Important to Adult Patients with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.

Objective: To examine the highest certainty evidence addressing the management of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) in adults to inform treatment recommendations.

Methods: We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central up to May 2023. Eligible studies included RCTs and observational studies of individuals 18+ with clinically or genetically confirmed XLH.

Meniscal tear analysis in anterior cruciate ligament rupture: A retrospective comparison of early versus delayed intervention.

Introduction: Combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and meniscal tear patterns and their effect on knee stability have been widely researched, however, their evolution and repairability from time of injury have been scarcely addressed. When addressed with delay, meniscal lesions associated with ACL tears may increase in severity and irreparability. This study aims to investigate the incidence, rate and pattern of meniscus tears in the context of ACL deficient knees and to assess the meniscal condition in early versus late ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Seventeen cases of Mycobacterium marinum infection in Italy: A multicenter retrospective study.

Mycobacterium marinum infection is rare, misrecognized and underdiagnosed but can cause severe clinical pictures, especially if the diagnosis is late and the patient is immunocompromised. Treatment includes long-term antibiotic therapy combined with surgical therapy when necessary. We performed a multicenter retrospective study with data from five Italian hospitals describing the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological characteristics, and treatment outcome of subjects diagnosed with M.

Target trial emulation to evaluate the effect of immune-related adverse events on outcomes in metastatic urothelial cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an important therapeutic pillar in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). The occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) appears to be associated with improved outcomes in observational studies. However, these associations are likely affected by immortal time bias and do not represent causal effects.

Simulation-based training in ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia for emergency physicians: insights from an Italian pre/post intervention study.

Background: Despite the importance of Ultrasound-guided Regional Anaesthesia (UGRA) in Emergency Medicine (EM), there is significant variability in UGRA training among emergency physicians. We recently developed a one-day (8 h), simulation-based UGRA course, specifically tailored to help emergency physicians to integrate these skills into their clinical practice.

Methods: In this pre/post intervention study, emergency physicians attended a course consisting of a 4-hour teaching on background knowledge and a practical part structured as follows: a scanning session on a healthy individual; a needling station with an ex-vivo model (turkey thighs); a simulation-based learning experience on local anaesthetic toxicity (LAST); a session on the UGRA simulator BlockSim™.

Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Comparison on Dual-phase Cone-beam CT, Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and Tc-macroaggregated albumin-SPECT/CT in predicting final distribution volumes and dosimetry of the post-embolization Y PET/CT.

Purpose: Personalized treatment schemes are being systematically applied to ensure best treatment outcome in oncologic patients. This is true also for personalized dosimetry in transarterial radioembolization (TARE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Precise and detailed volumetric and functional data derived from radiological and nuclear imaging methods are essential for personalized dosimetry.

Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization: An evidence-based update.

Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (iCNV) significantly contributes to vision impairment and ranks as the third primary cause of CNV. Arising from both infectious and noninfectious uveitis, iCNV's pathogenesis involves Bruch membrane rupture, local inflammation, and choriocapillaris ischemia. The diagnosis of iCNV is challenging due to its symptomatic overlap with other uveitis-related conditions.

Amino Acid Infusion for Kidney Protection in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the PROTECTION Trial.

Background: In the PROTECTION trial, intravenous amino acids (AA) decreased the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Recruitment of renal functional reserve may be responsible for such protection. However, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have diminished renal functional reserve, and AA may be less protective in such patients.

A comparative study of depressive and anxiety symptoms, insomnia, and sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, or both (CO-ROSA): preliminary findings from a retrospective study.

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), or both may exhibit varied manifestations of depressive and anxiety symptomatology, reflecting the complex interplay between sleep disturbances, neurotransmitter imbalances, and psychosocial stressors in these often overlapping conditions. The aim of this study was to compare depressive and anxiety symptomatology, insomnia severity, and sleepiness in these conditions. Patients were enrolled and subdivided into those with OSA, RLS, and OSA + RLS.

Diagnostic accuracy of late iodine enhancement on cardiac CT for myocardial tissue characterization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of late iodine enhancement (LIE) in cardiac computed tomography (CCT) compared to late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for myocardial tissue characterization.

Materials And Methods: EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, and CENTRAL were searched for studies reporting the accuracy of LIE with LGE as the gold standard of reference. QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias.

Circulating inflammatory markers predict depressive symptomatology in COVID-19 survivors.

Growing evidence suggests the neurobiological mechanism upholding post-COVID-19 depression mainly relates to immune response and subsequent unresolved low-grade inflammation. Herein we exploit a broad panel of cytokines serum levels measured in COVID-19 survivors at one- and three-month since infection to predict post-COVID-19 depression. 87 COVID survivors were screened for depressive symptomatology at one- and three-month after discharge through the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-13) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) at San Raffaele Hospital.

Prevalence of Mitral Annular Disjunction at Cardiac MRI: Results from a Multicenter Registry.

Purpose To determine the prevalence of mitral annular disjunction (MAD) in patients undergoing cardiac MRI for various clinical indications and to assess the association of MAD with arrhythmia, mitral valve prolapse (MVP), and myocardial alteration. Materials and Methods This study analyzed data from a retrospective observational registry of consecutive patients undergoing cardiac MRI for different clinical indications. Cardiac MRI examinations were performed from January 2019 to June 2019 at 13 Italian hospitals.