Herbs as an Active Ingredient in Sport: Availability and Information on the Internet.

The use of supplements containing herbal active ingredients in sport has increased in recent years. Their consumption is explained by the benefits they may provide and because their natural origin do not involve health complications, from the point of view of the consumers. The aim of this study is to analyze the availability of four supplements (caffeine, turmeric, ginseng, cannabidiol) on the internet and understand the nature of these websites.

The Effects of 6 Weeks of L. Supplementation on Body Composition, Hormonal Response, Perceived Exertion, and CrossFit Performance: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study.

L. () supplementation have been shown to enhance sports performance in many but not all studies. Moreover, data regarding the potential impact of supplementation on CrossFit endurance is limited.

Impact of Optimal Timing of Intake of Multi-Ingredient Performance Supplements on Sports Performance, Muscular Damage, and Hormonal Behavior across a Ten-Week Training Camp in Elite Cyclists: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Multi-ingredient performance supplements (MIPS), ingested pre- or post-workout, have been shown to increase physiological level effects and integrated metabolic response on exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of pre-and post-training supplementation with its own MIPS, associated with CHO (1 g·kg) plus protein (0.3 g·kg) on exercise-related benchmarks across a training camp for elite cyclists.

Evaluation of Dram Score as a Predictor of Poor Postoperative Outcome in Spine Surgery.

Unlabelled: The Distress Risk Assessment Method (DRAM) was presented by Main, Wood and Hillis in 1992 as a simple means of assessing the risk of failure due to psychosocial factors in spine surgery. To our knowledge, it has not been used in our setting. The aim of this study was to analyse the usefulness of the Spanish translation of this instrument to predict poor outcomes.

Iron and Physical Activity: Bioavailability Enhancers, Properties of Black Pepper (Bioperine) and Potential Applications.

Black pepper ( L.) has been employed in medicine (epilepsy, headaches, and diabetes), where its effects are mainly attributed to a nitrogen alkaloid called piperidine (1-(1-[1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl]-1-oxo-2,4 pentenyl) piperidine). Piperine co-administered with vitamins and minerals has improved its absorption.

The Role of Selenium Mineral Trace Element in Exercise: Antioxidant Defense System, Muscle Performance, Hormone Response, and Athletic Performance. A Systematic Review.

Exercise overproduces oxygen reactive species (ROS) and eventually exceeds the body's antioxidant capacity to neutralize them. The ROS produce damaging effects on the cell membrane and contribute to skeletal muscle damage. Selenium (Se), a natural mineral trace element, is an essential component of selenoproteins that plays an important role in antioxidant defense.