Scotopic microperimetry: evolution, applications and future directions.

For many inherited and acquired retinal diseases, reduced night vision is a primary symptom. Despite this, the clinical testing options for spatially resolved scotopic vision have until recently been limited. Scotopic microperimetry is a relatively new visual function test that combines two-colour perimetry with fundus-controlled perimetry performed in scotopic luminance conditions.

Association between Anxious and Depressive Symptomatology and Sexual Activity in Spain: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Quarantine.

Introduction: Evidence on sexual behaviour and COVID-19 shows a change in sexual habits; however, there is no research on the association between mental health and sexual activity.

Aim: To examine the relationship between mental health and sexual activity during the quarantine in Spanish adults.

Methods: A sample of 305 adults filled out an online questionnaire.

Testing the eligibility of glaucoma patients for potential gene therapy among a clinic population.

Purpose: Glaucoma patients who deteriorate despite standard treatment may benefit from novel gene therapies. Key inclusion criteria for a glaucoma gene therapy trial were devised. A retrospective chart review in a glaucoma clinic population was conducted.

Obesity needs to be addressed to tackle the increased prevalence of diabetes in China - Temporal changes from 2003 to 2009.

This study aimed to analyse the temporal change of diabetes and any associated risk and protective factors for diabetes in Chinese adults between Wave 0 (2003) and Wave 1 (2009) of the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE). Data from China of the SAGE were analysed. Diabetes (outcome variable) was assessed by the yes/no question: "Have you ever been diagnosed with diabetes (high blood sugar)?".

Financial Difficulties Correlate With Mental Health Among Bangladeshi Residents Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Survey.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a global threat which has challenged mental resilience and impacted the psychological well-being of people across all age groups globally. The present study aimed to investigate how financial difficulties during the pandemic correlate with mental health among residents of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 4,020 residents from different parts of Bangladesh between July and September 2020, during a period of elevated risk of COVID-19 infection.

Gender Differences in the Association Between Cataract and Mental Health in Adults With Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From the Spanish National Health Survey 2017.

This study aimed to explore gender differences in the associations between cataracts and self-reported depression and chronic anxiety in Spanish adults with diabetes. Cross-sectional data from the Spanish Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. Inclusion criterion was a positive response to the question "Have you ever been diagnosed with diabetes?" Diabetes, cataracts, depression and chronic anxiety were based on self-reported lifetime diagnosis.

Progression of myopia in teenagers and adults: a nationwide longitudinal study of a prevalent cohort.

Background: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the progression of myopia in teenagers and adults in France.

Methods: This nationwide prospective study followed 630 487 myopic adults and teenagers (mean age 43.

Early Endothelialization of Ab Interno Stromal Tectonic Patch in the Management of Corneal Perforation Secondary to Bacterial Keratitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique using an ab interno stromal patch to treat corneal perforation and to present the histological findings of the patch after its removal during definitive mushroom keratoplasty.

Methods: The endothelium had already been removed with the submerged cornea using backgrounds away (SCUBA) technique.

Results: The patient was managed successfully with a sutureless ab interno stromal tectonic patch.

Effect of Low Versus High-Heeled Footwear on Spinopelvic Alignment at Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle in Young Adult Women: A Biopsychosocial Perspective.

High-heeled shoes adversely affect spinal curvature, increase the risk of low back pain, and disturb the normal gait pattern. The purpose of this study was to examine, from a biopsychosocial point of view, the combined effect of wearing two different heel heights and of hormonal oscillation throughout different phases of the menstrual cycle on spinopelvic alignment. Notably, 70 females with an average age of 20.

Anxiety symptoms among informal caregivers in 47 low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional analysis of community-based surveys.

Background: There are no multi-country studies on the association between informal caregiving and anxiety from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated this relationship in a large predominantly nationally representative sample from 47 LMICs.

Methods: Cross sectional data from the World Health Survey were analyzed.

What are the recommendations for returning athletes who have experienced long term COVID-19 symptoms?

Currently, there is limited research reporting the symptoms of long COVID among athletes, and the recommendations for athletes returning to competition/training who have experienced long COVID symptoms. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to synthesise the recommendations for returning athletes who have experienced long COVID symptoms. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO under CRD42021265939.

Self-isolation negatively impacts self-management of diabetes during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Background/aim: People with diabetes are at a greater risk of serious complications from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Self-management of diabetes is therefore of paramount importance. The purpose of this study is to compare self-management of diabetes pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Body mass index categories and anxiety symptoms among adults aged ≥ 50 years from low and middle income countries.

Background: Body weight may be a risk factor for anxiety; however, there is a scarcity of studies on this association in older adults especially from low and middle income countries (LMICs). Therefore, we investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) and anxiety symptoms among adults aged ≥ 50 years from 6 LMICs.

Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) were analyzed.

Sutureless Tectonic Mini-Descemet's Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty ("mini-DSAEK") for the management of corneal perforations.

Purpose: To report the outcomes of a new technique, pull-through sutureless 'mini-DSAEK', to manage corneal perforations secondary to different aetiologies including trauma, neurotrophic ulcer following penetrating keratoplasty (PK), herpes simplex keratitis and microbial keratitis.

Methods: In this retrospective case series, we report the clinical outcomes of five cases of sutureless tectonic mini-DSAEK performed in patients presenting with large corneal perforations to Southend University Hospital between November 2019 and October 2020. One corneal perforation was sufficiently peripheral for the tectonic mini-DSAEK graft to be successfully positioned outside of the central visual axis.

Association between digital smart device use and myopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Excessive use of digital smart devices, including smartphones and tablet computers, could be a risk factor for myopia. We aimed to review the literature on the association between digital smart device use and myopia.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis we searched MEDLINE and Embase, and manually searched reference lists for primary research articles investigating smart device (ie, smartphones and tablets) exposure and myopia in children and young adults (aged 3 months to 33 years) from database inception to June 2 (MEDLINE) and June 3 (Embase), 2020.

Partial visual loss disrupts the relationship between judged room size and sound source distance.

Visual spatial information plays an important role in calibrating auditory space. Blindness results in deficits in a number of auditory abilities, which have been explained in terms of the hypothesis that visual information is needed to calibrate audition. When judging the size of a novel room when only auditory cues are available, normally sighted participants may use the location of the farthest sound source to infer the nearest possible distance of the far wall.

Association between diabetes and edentulism and their joint effects on health status in 40 low and middle-income countries.

Introduction: Previous studies on the diabetes-edentulism relationship have yielded conflicting results. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the association between diabetes and edentulism, and their joint effects on health status in adults from 40 low and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Research Design And Methods: Data from the World Health Survey were used for this cross-sectional study (2002-2004).

Changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels post-vitamin D supplementation in people of Black and Asian ethnicities and its implications during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review.

Background: People of Black and Asian ethnicities have a higher infection rate and mortality as a result of COVID-19. It has also been reported that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in this, possibly because of the multi-gene regulatory function of the vitamin D receptor. As a result, increased dietary intake and/or supplementation to attain adequate 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels could benefit people in these ethnicities.

Social environmental impact of COVID-19 and erectile dysfunction: an explorative review.

Background: To date, no attempt has been made to collate literature on the relationship between the social environmental impact of COVID-19 and erectile dysfunction. The aim of this explorative review was to assess and compare the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in male healthcare workers and males during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A systematic review of major databases from inception to February 2021 was conducted.

Association between age of first exposure and heavy internet use in a representative sample of 317,443 adolescents from 52 countries.

Internet usage among adolescents has increased substantially over the last years, concurrently with emerging concerns that an abusive use is associated with detrimental health outcomes. Our objective was to examine the association between age of first exposure and heavy Internet usage in different domains. Data from the 2018 wave of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) were retrieved.