[EPIDEMIOLGY OF DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION].

Knowledge of the epidemiology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is advisable for planning measures to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Purpose: to study the epidemic situation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, as well as the average age of its diagnosis in the Russian Federation. The problem of accuracy of statistical estimates is due to heterogeneous diagnostic criteria.

[Treatment of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus].

Objective: To present treatment of primary esophageal melanoma in a young patient, as well as review of modern data on this issue.

Material And Methods: We describe the results of treatment of a patient with primary melanoma of the esophagus. PubMed, SCOPUS, and elibrary databases were used for the review.

[Advisability of carotid endarterectomy in asymptomatic patients].

Objective: To determine the optimal treatment strategy for patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis.

Material And Methods: The authors reviewed clinical guidelines for the management of patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis 60-99%, as well as medical studies and meta-analyses comparing carotid endarterectomy and optimal drug therapy in asymptomatic patients between 1993 and 2023.

Results: The choice of treatment strategy for patients with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is still a controversial issue.

[Comparative evaluation of the antagonistic activity of collection lactobacilli against the multidrug-resistant pneumoniae].

Taking into account the known data on the high prevalence of multi-drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, such as Klebsiella spp., enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, and their properties to maintain viability in fermented milk products when using technologies in which, along with starter microorganisms, some enterobacteria with increased resistance to environmental factors (primarily active acidity) can survive and even multiply, the search for new strains of lactic acid probiotic bacteria with a pronounced antimicrobial effect are currently one of the most relevant areas of research in food biotechnology. Representatives of the Lactobacillus genus are currently considered as the most promising objects for the search for producers with probiotic properties.

[Complex surgical treatment of recurrent post-injection abscess in a patient with systemic autoimmune disease].

The authors present complex surgical treatment of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and persistent wound in the right gluteal region after previous surgical treatment of post-injection abscess. According to these data, active surgical treatment of wounds and purulent-necrotic lesions of any etiology and localization, augmented by modern agents for local and systemic therapy (including phage therapy) provide favorable functional and cosmetic results even in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases receiving glucocorticosteroids. It is important to assess the wound process considering not only clinical data, but also objective information of qualitative and quantitative microbiological and cytological examinations.

[Prospects for development of laparoscopic surgery in the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation].

Objective: To analyze the achievements of laparoscopic surgery in the Central Federal District of Russia and outline perspective trends for further application.

Material And Methods: The study included adult patients with abdominal surgical diseases hospitalized in general surgical departments of the Central Federal District between 2014 and 2021. We analyzed the prevalence of elective and emergency laparoscopic surgeries.

[History of congresses of surgeons in Russia (1900-2022)].

The authors describe a history of surgical congresses in the Russian Empire, the USSR and the Russian Federation from the I Congress of Russian Surgeons held on December 28-30, 1900 in Moscow in the building of the Moscow Meeting of Doctors to the XLVIII (XIV) Congress of Surgeons of Russia held on November 25-27, 2022 in Moscow in the hotel «Cosmos». The time and place of congresses, as well as chairmen are named. The main issues are listed.

[Prognostic significance of PD-L1 expression as a potential predictor of survival in gastric cancer].

Background: Currently, PD-L1 expression in patients with tumors of various localizations is being actively studied. Studies on the expression of PD-L1 detected by clones SP142 and SP263 in gastric cancer (for the drugs atezolizumab and durvalumab, respectively) are rare in the literature. The prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in patients who were not treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors has also not been investigated.

[Surgical approach for destructive pneumonia associated with COVID-19].

There were over 400 million people with COVID-19 pneumonia worldwide and over 12 million in the Russian Federation after 2020. Complicated course of pneumonia with abscesses and gangrene of lungs was observed in 4% of cases. Mortality ranges from 8 to 30%.

[Enucleation of pancreatic tumors: a multiple-center study].

Objective: To evaluate the immediate results of enucleation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs).

Material And Methods: The results of enucleation of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) were analyzed in 95 patients between 2016 and 2021. Functioning tumors (mean size 16.

[Laparoscopic reconstructive Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy].

Intraoperative damage to the bile ducts following laparoscopic cholecystectomy is still one of the urgent problems of modern minimally invasive surgery. In some cases, these complications lead to patient disability, deterioration in their quality of life and need for redo surgery including technically difficult procedures. Modern endoscopic technologies are essential in the treatment of postoperative benign strictures of the common bile duct.

[Actual issues of pancreatic tumor surgery].

Objective: To analyze the features of diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic tumors.

Material And Methods: This report is based on the results of 389 surgeries for different pancreatic neoplasms performed in the abdominal surgery department of the Vishnevsky Center of Surgery between 2016 and 2020.

Results: Most serous cystic adenomas don't require surgical treatment.

[Erosive and ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract in patients with burns].

Objective: To analyze the incidence of erosive and ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract in patients with burns, including those complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding, depending on severity of injury, complications of burn disease and treatment features.

Material And Methods: Medical records of 1833 patients were reviewed. We have retrospectively analyzed symptoms of disease and incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding depending on treatment strategy in patients with identified erosive and ulcerative lesions of gastrointestinal tract.

[Endoscopy-assisted dilatational tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19].

Objective: To summarize an experience of endoscopy-assisted dilatational tracheostomies in patients with COVID-19.

Material And Methods: There were 31 endoscopy-assisted dilatational tracheostomies in patients with COVID-19 for the period from April 17 to June 10, 2020 (11 women and 19 men). Mean age of patients was 66.

[Management of patients with enterocutaneous fistulae].

Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is the most serious postoperative life-threating complication of various abdominal surgical interventions. Treatment of patients with ECF is associated with life-threatening complications including sepsis and septic shock, intestinal failure and severe water-electrolyte disorders that causes high mortality rates (35-75% according to national authors and 6-33% according to foreign colleagues). This issue is especially relevant in the cases of enteroatmospheric fistulae and high ECF with loss of intestinal contents of more than 500 ml per day.

[Contrast-enhanced computed tomography in evaluation of pancreatic stump volume in pancreaticoduodenectomy].

Objective: To analyze the role of contrast-enhanced computed tomography in evaluation of pancreatic stump volume for prediction of significant pancreatic fistula.

Material And Methods: A retrospective analysis enrolled 99 patients. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the course of postoperative period and development of clinically significant pancreatic fistula.

[Surgical anatomy of liver segment iv and its importance in hepatobiliary surgery].

The purpose of this article was to describe clinical anatomy of liver segment IV and determine its significance in liver resection surgery and within integrated approach in the treatment of malignancies of this area.

[Quality of life as an efficiency index of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis].

Objective: To evaluate quality of life in long-term postoperative period in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Material And Methods: There were 31 (21 males and 10 females) patients with complicated forms of chronic pancreatitis who underwent surgery in 2015-2017. Mean age was 49 (44; 53) years, body mass index - 22.

[Combined thoracoplasty using titanium mesh implant in patients with total sternal instability following postoperative sternomediastinitis].

Objective: To analyze the results of chest wall reconstruction with titanium mesh implant in patients with total sternal instability following postoperative sternomediastinitis.

Material And Methods: There were 100 patients with total sternal instability for the period from January 2016 to December 2018. Median of age was 62 (58; 68) years.

[Endoscopic treatment of esophageal anastomotic leakage using vacuum-assisted closure system].

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of vacuum-assisted closure system for esophageal anastomotic leakage.

Material And Methods: There were 10 patients with upper gastrointestinal anastomotic leakage who were treated at our institution in 2015-2018. Vacuum aspiration system was applied in all cases.

[Morphological justification of the effectiveness of ultrasonic cavitation with 0.2].

Aim: Structural and functional analysis of cells from purulent-necrotic wounds in patients with diabetic foot syndrome undergoing ultrasonic treatment with 0.2% Lavasept solution.

Material And Methods: It is presented morphological/ultrastructural analysis of wound specimens in 90 (DFS) patients aged 27-80 years with diabetic foot syndrome and purulent-necrotic complications who were hospitalized in the department of wounds and wound infections of the Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery in 2013-2016.

[A microcirculatory change induced by comprehensive anti-edematous therapy in patients with lower limb lymphedema].

Aim: To study the impact of comprehensive anti-edematous therapy (CAET) on the microcirculatory indicators of patients with lower limb lymphedema.

Material And Methods: The investigation enrolled 60 patients with stages I-III lower limb lymphedema (according to its classification (T.V.

[Large outpatient surgery. Are there prospects?].

Aim: To study frequency of 'hospital registry' operations in the polyclinics of the Central Federal district, to analyze previous experience of outpatient surgical care and to assess perspective directions of its development.

Material And Methods: Over 48 million people who referred to polyclinics for medical care in 17 regions of Central Federal district for 6 years (2011-2016) were studied.

Results: Mean surgical activity in the polyclinics of Central Federal district is 4.

[Sepsis biomarkers dynamics as an indicator of intensive care effectiveness].

Aim: To evaluate dynamics of presepsin, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein in survived and dead patients with sepsis.

Material And Methods: There were 41 patients with diagnosis of 'sepsis' ('Sepsis-3' concept) who were divided into 2 groups: survived patients with sepsis (21 people) - group 1, dead patients with sepsis (20 people) - group 2. All patients underwent generally accepted intensive therapy for sepsis.