Lactobacillus acidophilus (strain Scav) Postbiotic Metabolites Reduce Infection and Modulate Inflammation in an in vivo model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection.

Aims: This study assessed the antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and immunomodulatory activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus (strain Scav) postbiotic (LaP) in a mouse model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection and evaluated the bioactive components of the LaP.

Methods And Results: LaP was tested for P. aeruginosa clearance and immunomodulatory activity during wound infection.

Resolvin D2 attenuates LPS-induced macrophage exhaustion.

Early in sepsis, a hyperinflammatory response is dominant, but later, an immunosuppressive phase dominates, and the host is susceptible to opportunistic infections. Anti-inflammatory agents may accelerate the host into immunosuppression, and few agents can reverse immunosuppression without causing inflammation. Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) such as resolvin D2 (RvD2) have been reported to resolve inflammation without being immunosuppressive, but little work has been conducted to examine their effects on immunosuppression.

Immunosuppression in Sepsis: Biomarkers and Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators.

Severe infection can lead to sepsis. In sepsis, the host mounts an inappropriately large inflammatory response in an attempt to clear the invading pathogen. This sustained high level of inflammation may cause tissue injury and organ failure.