Are adverse events during surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia device related? A review of the MAUDE database.

Purpose: The Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database contains anonymous, voluntary medical device reports. A review of device-related adverse events associated with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia surgeries was completed. The objective was to evaluate the occurrence and contributing factors to clinically significant complications in a cohort of patients electing to undergo surgical intervention for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

Evaluating the Utility of Repeat Computed Tomography Scans in Patients with Isolated Mild Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tSAH) is a common consequence of head trauma. Treatment of patients with tSAH commonly involves serial computed tomography (CT) scans to assess for expansile hemorrhage. However, growing evidence suggests that these patients rarely deteriorate or require neurosurgical intervention.

Developing a hippocampal neural prosthetic to facilitate human memory encoding and recall of stimulus features and categories.

Objective: Here, we demonstrate the first successful use of static neural stimulation patterns for specific information content. These static patterns were derived by a model that was applied to a subject's own hippocampal spatiotemporal neural codes for memory.

Approach: We constructed a new model of processes by which the hippocampus encodes specific memory items via spatiotemporal firing of neural ensembles that underlie the successful encoding of targeted content into short-term memory.

Cognitive function following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a population-representative Canadian sample.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection is believed to adversely affect the brain, but the degree of impact on socially relevant cognitive functioning and decision-making is not well-studied, particularly among those less vulnerable to age-related mortality. The current study sought to determine whether infection status and COVID-19 symptom severity are associated with cognitive dysfunction among young and middled-aged adults in the general population, using self-reported lapses in executive control and a standardized decision-making task.

Method: The survey sample comprised 1958 adults with a mean age of 37 years ( ​= ​10.

Early feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement in patients who require trauma and surgical intensive care: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Critically ill patients experience interruptions in enteral nutrition (EN). For ventilated patients who undergo percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement, postprocedure fasting times vary from 1 to 24 h depending on the surgeon's preference. There is no evidence to support delayed feeding (DF) after PEG placement.

Evaluation of cytokine response to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Rationale: Increased cytokine response is common in patients receiving extracorporeal life support and is often a poor prognostic indicator. There is interest in using adjunctive cytokine adsorption technologies to reduce inflammatory burden, However, it is debated whether extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) itself provides therapeutic benefit beyond gas exchange. Thus, we sought to characterize the inflammatory profile of ECMO in the first 72-96 h of and quantify its effect on cytokine levels in a case series of patients undergoing ECMO.

Burkitt-type lymphoma incidentally found as the cause of acute appendicitis: a case report and review of literature.

Background: Appendectomy remains one of the most common emergency operations. Recent research supports the treatment of uncomplicated appendicitis with antibiotics alone. While nonoperative management of appendicitis may be safe in some patients, it may result in missed neoplasms.

The Impact of Surgical Team Familiarity on Length of Procedure and Length of Stay: Inconsistent Relationships Across Procedures, Team Members, and Sites.

Background: Team familiarity has been shown to be important for operative efficiency and number of complications, but it is unclear for which types of operations and for which team members familiarity matters the most. The objective of this study is to further our understanding of familiarity in the OR by quantifying the relative importance of familiarity among all possible core team dyads, and defining the impact of team level familiarity on outcomes.

Materials And Methods: Using a retrospective chart and administrative data review, five years of data from two health systems (14 hospitals) and across two procedures, (knee arthroplasty and lumbar laminectomy) were included.

Spectral characteristics of urine from patients with end-stage kidney disease analyzed using Raman Chemometric Urinalysis (Rametrix).

Raman Chemometric Urinalysis (RametrixTM) was used to discern differences in Raman spectra from (i) 362 urine specimens from patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), (ii) 395 spent dialysate specimens from those PD therapies, and (iii) 235 urine specimens from healthy human volunteers. RametrixTM analysis includes spectral processing (e.g.

Tumor Mutational Burden Is Site Specific in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Is Highest in Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastases.

Purpose: Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is a developing biomarker in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Little is known regarding differences between TMB and sample location, histology, or other biomarkers.

Methods: A total of 3,424 unmatched NSCLC samples, including 2,351 lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) and 1,073 lung squamous cell carcinomas (LUSCs), underwent profiling, including next-generation sequencing of 592 cancer-related genes, programmed death ligand 1 immunohistochemistry, and TMB.

Spectral characteristics of urine specimens from healthy human volunteers analyzed using Raman chemometric urinalysis (Rametrix).

Raman chemometric urinalysis (Rametrix™) was used to analyze 235 urine specimens from healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to establish the "range of normal" for Raman spectra of urine specimens from healthy individuals. Ultimately, spectra falling outside of this range will be correlated with kidney and urinary tract disease.

Normal saline versus Normosol™-R in sepsis resuscitation: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To determine the effect of Normosol™-R as compared to normal saline on the outcomes of acute kidney injury and the need for renal replacement therapy in the resuscitation phase of sepsis.

Design: Our study is a retrospective before-and-after cohort study.

Setting: The study occurred at a 700-bed tertiary academic level 1-trauma center.

Effect of Various OR Noise on Fine Motor Skills, Cognition, and Mood.

Background: The amalgam of noises inherent to the modern-day operating room has the potential of diluting surgeon concentration, which could affect surgeon performance and mood and have implications on quality of care and surgeon resilience.

Objective: Evaluate the impact of operating room environmental noises on surgeon performance including fine motor dexterity, cognition, and mood.

Methods: 37 subjects were tested under three different environmental noise conditions including silence, a prerecorded soundtrack of a loud bustling operating room, and with background music of their choosing.

Improving the Intraoperative Educational Experience: Understanding the Role of Confidence in the Resident-Attending Relationship.

Objective: With recent changes to graduate medical education, the balance between resident autonomy and need for supervision impacts the educational and training experience of residents. The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between the confidence of attendings and residents and their different perspectives of perceived educational experience and autonomy in the operating room (OR). We hypothesized that the attending's confidence in the resident would be an important factor in improving the educational experience and resident's autonomy in the OR.

Reduction in opioid use and postoperative pain scores after elective laparotomy with implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery protocol on a gynecologic oncology service.

Objective: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols are designed to mitigate the physiologic stress response created by surgery, to decrease the time to resumption of daily activities, and to improve overall recovery. This study aims to investigate postoperative recovery outcomes following gynecologic surgery before and after implementation of an ERAS protocol.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients undergoing elective laparotomy at a major academic center following implementation of an ERAS protocol (11/4/2014-7/27/2016) with comparison to a historical cohort (6/23/2013-9/30/2014).

Perineuronal nets decrease membrane capacitance of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons in a model of epilepsy.

Brain tumor patients commonly present with epileptic seizures. We show that tumor-associated seizures are the consequence of impaired GABAergic inhibition due to an overall loss of peritumoral fast spiking interneurons (FSNs) concomitant with a significantly reduced firing rate of those that remain. The reduced firing is due to the degradation of perineuronal nets (PNNs) that surround FSNs.

Incidence, Positional Distribution, Severity, and Time Missed in Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Knee in NCAA Division I Football Athletes.

Introduction: We studied injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players, their incidence, magnitude of injury, distribution by position, and missed time, which has not previously been described in a consecutive series.

Methods: The knee injuries sustained in 163 consecutive NCAA Division I collegiate football players at our institution were evaluated over a span of 6 years.

Results: The incidence of MCL injuries with any knee injury was 29% (47 of 163).

Levels of combatant control and the patterns of non-incumbent/insurgent violence experienced by civilians living in Sunni-Arab communities in Iraq (2004-2009).

This study explores how one social-structural variable, control over Sunni-Arab communities during the Iraq civil war, affected the types of violence used by insurgent/non-government actors that killed and injured civilians in these communities from January 2004 to December 2009. The study classifies three levels of control: (1) incumbent (government-supported) control, (2) insurgent control and (3) actively contested control. It uses Iraq Body Count (IBC) fatality data to characterize two general types of violence (selective and indiscriminate) evident during the Iraq conflict.

Self-control as measured by delay discounting is greater among successful weight losers than controls.

Long-term weight loss maintenance is likely to require strong self-control in order to sustain changes in behavior patterns. We, therefore, tested the hypothesis that those who have successfully maintained weight loss may have superior self-control compared to control participants. Self-control was assessed using a delay discounting task through a webbased assessment of members of the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR: N = 757; non-obese = 605; obese = 152) and control participants (Control N = 443; nonobese = 236; obese = 207) from Amazon's Mechanical Turk.

Timing of Coping Instruction Presentation for Real-time Acute Stress Management: Potential Implications for Improved Surgical Performance.

Individual performance on complex healthcare tasks can be influenced by acutely stressful situations. Real-time biofeedback using passive physiological monitoring may help to better understand an individual's progression towards acute stress-induced performance decrement. Providing biofeedback at an appropriate time may provide learners within an indicator that their current performance is susceptible to a decrement, and offer the opportunity to intervene.