Prescribing Patterns of SGLT2 Inhibitors and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes at Cardiology, Endocrinology, and Primary Care Visits.

Objective: To determine the prescribing rates of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) at cardiology, endocrinology, and primary care visits in a community health system.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional study using electronic health record data from Bon Secours Mercy Health outpatient clinics across Virginia (2019, 2020, 2021) included patients 18 years and older with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), heart failure (HF), or chronic kidney disease (CKD), and one or more outpatient visits. Adults with type 1 diabetes, stage 4/5 CKD, end-stage kidney disease, dialysis treatment, pregnancy, or hospice or palliative care were excluded.

Major adverse cardiovascular events among Black and White Veterans receiving androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone treatment strategy for men diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer (PC) but may increase risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We examined whether men treated with ADT and radiation therapy (ADT + RT) developed MACE at a higher rate than men receiving RT alone. Secondly, we sought to determine if Black men receiving RT + ADT developed MACE at a higher rate than White men.

Socioeconomic status and left ventricular ejection fraction decline in breast cancer survivors following receipt of doxorubicin (PREVENT WF-98213).

Cancer survivors receiving doxorubicin may experience left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) decline during and following treatment; however, explanations for variations in decline beyond dosage differences, such as those related to socioeconomic status (SES), have not been fully examined. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 215 breast cancer survivors receiving doxorubicin. SES factors (e.

Limited preventive care among Medicaid enrollees with HIV in the US South.

Routine preventive care (RPC) services are recommended for people with HIV, who have higher risk of certain preventable conditions. We used a pooled cross-section of patient-years to examine receipt of 5 annual RPC services among Medicaid enrollees in the US South. Data were person-level administrative claims (Medicaid Analytic eXtract, 2008-2012) and county-level characteristics for 16 Southern states plus District of Columbia.

Increased risk of adverse events following the treatment of associated versus elementary acetabular fractures: a matched analysis of short-term complications.

Purpose: This retrospective cohort study aims to compare short-term complication rates between patients receiving open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for associated versus elementary acetabular fractures, with a secondary objective of identifying independent risk factors for adverse outcomes.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was queried using current procedural terminology (CPT) codes to identify patients that underwent ORIF for associated acetabular (CPT 27228) or elementary acetabular fractures (CPT 27226, 27227) from 2010 to 2021. Propensity score matching was employed to account for baseline differences and the short-term complication rates were compared between the cohorts.

Dose by design: How limits on nicotine flux and puff duration affect the abuse liability of electronic nicotine delivery systems.

Introduction: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) product standards for nicotine flux (nicotine emitted/second), combined with limiting puff duration, could control nicotine dose and support ENDS regulations. We assessed behavioral and subjective abuse liability indices for ENDS varying in nicotine flux with fixed puff duration among people who smoke.

Methods: This within-subjects study included 32 adults who smoked cigarettes.

Long-Term Oral Health Effects of Traumatic Events Among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrolees, 2003-2020.

Objectives: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling mental health condition arising from experiencing serious traumatic events. This study investigated if PTSD secondary to the World Trade Center terrorist attack on 11 September 2001 (9/11) is associated with self-reported doctor's diagnosis of periodontitis and count of missing teeth.

Methods: Data from the World Trade Center Health Registry, 2003-2020 (n = 20 826) were used to prospectively examine the rate of periodontitis and cross-sectionally the odds of missing teeth among enrolees with/without PTSD post-9/11 using a modified Poisson regression and generalised logit model, respectively, adjusted for covariates.

The lived experiences and unmet needs of prostate and colorectal male cancer survivors in rural Virginia: A qualitative study.

Background: The goal of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding about the lived experiences and unmet needs of rural male cancer survivors.

Methods: Focus groups were conducted with male survivors of prostate (N = 14) and colorectal cancers (N = 10), from rural Virginia. Demographic and clinical information were collected via surveys.

Development and calibration of a mathematical model of HIV outcomes among Rwandan adults: informing equitable achievement of targets in Rwanda.

Background: We developed and calibrated the Central Africa-International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (CA-IeDEA) HIV policy model to inform equitable achievement of global goals, overall and across sub-populations, in Rwanda.

Methods: We created a deterministic dynamic model to project adult HIV epidemic and care continuum outcomes, overall and for 25 subpopulations (age group, sex, HIV acquisition risk, urbanicity). Data came from the Rwanda cohort of CA-IeDEA, 2004-2020; Rwanda Demographic and Health Surveys, 2005, 2010, 2015; Rwanda Population-based HIV Impact Assessment, 2019; and the literature and reports.