40,545 results match your criteria: "Virginia Commonwealth University ; Richmond[Affiliation]"

Purpose: The goal of this study was to assess possible psychosocial contributors to delayed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination within a sample of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals.

Methods: TGD participants (=385) were recruited from Prolific.co.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Utility of Adrenal Vein Sampling to Guide Surgical Management of Hypercortisolism.

Case Rep Endocrinol

December 2024

Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.

We report a case of successfully lateralized adrenal cortisol hypersecretion by adrenal venous sampling (AVS) and improved by surgery. AVS is a commonly used tool to guide surgical management of primary hyperaldosteronism. It can determine lateralization, leading to unilateral adrenalectomies of the correct side, or nonlateralization, which precludes surgery.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Difficulties and Disparities in Colorectal Cancer End-of-Life Care: A Patient's Story.

Clin Colon Rectal Surg

January 2025

Divisions of Colon and Rectal Surgery and Hospice and Palliative Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia.

Patients with advanced colorectal cancer nearing the end of life require a multidisciplinary approach to address the unique challenges they face. Using a case vignette, we outline the various stages of a patient's journey with advanced rectal cancer and the common obstacles to their care as they interface with the medical system. We highlight how Black persons might be vulnerable to differences in screening, treatment, procedural interventions, end-of-life care, and health care decision-making.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Resazurin dye is an in vivo sensor of kidney tubular function.

Kidney Int

December 2024

Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA. Electronic address:

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the main functional index of kidney health and disease. Currently, no methods are available to directly measure tubular mass and function. Here, we report a serendipitous finding that the in vitro cell viability dye resazurin can be used in mice as an exogenous sensor of tubular function.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Patients with cirrhosis have high systemic inflammation (TNFα, CRP, and IL-6) that is associated with poor outcomes. These biomarkers need continuous non-invasive monitoring, which is difficult with blood. We studied the AWARE sweat-sensor to measure these in passively expressed sweat in healthy people (N = 12) and cirrhosis (N = 32, 10 outpatients/22 inpatients) for 3 days.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Pressure to Perform: Are All Ovulation Predictor Kits the Same?

Fertil Steril

December 2024

Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. Electronic address:

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) and acute non-allergic rhinosinusitis (ARS) often present with similar symptoms. While these are generally differentiated by history and occasionally by secretion cell counts, there are few data temporally comparing these conditions.

Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted to assess nasal mucus properties, nasal obstruction, nasal secretion cells, and health related QOL during the acute phase (Day 5) and during a later phase of illness (Day 14/28).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Factor analysis and clustering of motor and psychiatric dimensions in idiopathic blepharospasm.

Parkinsonism Relat Disord

December 2024

IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Italy.

Introduction: Idiopathic blepharospasm is a clinically heterogeneous form of focal dystonia, also associated with psychiatric symptoms. The identification of the most relevant sets of motor and psychiatric manifestations may help better understand the specific phenomenology of the condition and delineate blepharospasm subtypes more accurately.

Methods: Patients with idiopathic blepharospasm were from the Dystonia Coalition project.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Discriminative stimulus properties of α-ethyltryptamine (α-ET) in rats: α-ET-like effects of MDMA, MDA and aryl-monomethoxy substituted derivatives of α-ET.

Psychopharmacology (Berl)

December 2024

Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, 800 E. Leigh St., STE 205, Richmond, VA, 23219-0540, USA.

Rationale α-ET (α-ethyltryptamine), a homolog of the classical hallucinogen α-methyltryptamine, was once prescribed clinically as an antidepressant. Classical psychedelic drugs are currently of interest as potential pharmacotherapy for psychiatric disorders. Objectives Drug discrimination was used to (a) determine if α-ET-like stimulus effects could be engendered by the prototypical phenylalkylamines MDMA ("Ecstasy") or MDA ("Love Drug") and (b) evaluate the α-ET-like stimulus effects of four synthesized aryl-substituted monomethoxy analogs of α-ET (4-OMe-, 5-OMe-, 6-OMe- and 7-OMe-α-ET).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The current study examined whether adverse childhood experiences and racial discrimination predicted adolescents' internal developmental assets, external developmental assets, and depressive symptoms. We also tested whether these relations were buffered by aspects of caregivers' reports of ethnic-racial socialization efforts (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global health challenge and occupational status is a critical determinant influencing NCD development, yet many cross-sectional studies have only linked current occupational status with specific diseases, overlooking broader temporal factors. The primary aim of the present study was to comprehensively elucidate the intricate interplay between alterations in working status, NCDs, and physical activity (PA) among Korean middle-aged and older adults, employing a longitudinal panel study design.

Methods: This study utilized longitudinal data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, covering the period from 2006 to 2020, with a median follow-up duration of 10 years.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Psychiatric disorders are highly comorbid, heritable, and genetically correlated [1-4]. The primary objective of cross-disorder psychiatric genetics research is to identify and characterize both the shared genetic factors that contribute to convergent disease etiologies and the unique genetic factors that distinguish between disorders [4, 5]. This information can illuminate the biological mechanisms underlying comorbid presentations of psychopathology, improve nosology and prediction of illness risk and trajectories, and aid the development of more effective and targeted interventions.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Gut Microbiome and Bile Acid Interactions: Mechanistic Implications for Cholangiocarcinoma Development, Immune Resistance, and Therapy.

Am J Pathol

December 2024

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University and Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia; Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. Electronic address:

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare but highly malignant carcinoma of bile duct epithelial cells with a poor prognosis. The major risk factors of CCA carcinogenesis and progression are cholestatic liver diseases. The key feature of primary sclerosing cholangitis and primary biliary cholangitis is chronic cholestasis, which means a slowdown of hepatocyte secretion of biliary lipids and metabolites into bile as well as a slowdown of enterohepatic circulation (bile acid recirculation) of bile acids with dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, which was shown to lead to enterohepatic recirculation and an increase of toxic secondary bile acids.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Current state of APPE-readiness assessments in schools or colleges of pharmacy.

Curr Pharm Teach Learn

December 2024

Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America. Electronic address:

Objective: To determine components and assessments included in Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) readiness plans in United States Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs.

Methods: An electronic survey was emailed to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Laboratory Instructors Special Interest Group. Survey items included demographic information about the program, APPE-readiness plan implementation status and components.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Bacterial infections are a common cause of clinical complications associated with the use of orthodontic microimplants. Biofilm formation on their surfaces and subsequent infection of peri-implant tissues can result in either exfoliation or surgical removal of these medical devices. In order to improve the properties of microimplants, hybrid coatings enriched with silver nanoparticles, calcium, and phosphorus were investigated.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

This study aimed to evaluate the scanning time and marginal fit of CAD/CAM crowns fabricated using different intraoral scanning systems (IOS) (O1-Omnicam 1.0, O2-Omnicam 2.0, PS-Primescan).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

While attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is common among people with addiction, the risks and benefits of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder medication in pregnant people with opioid use disorder are poorly understood. Here, using US multistate administrative data, we examined 3,247 pregnant people initiating opioid use disorder treatment, of whom 5% received psychostimulants. Compared to peers not receiving psychostimulants, the psychostimulant cohort had greater buprenorphine (adjusted relative risk 1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Measuring the biomechanical properties of cell-derived fibronectin fibrils.

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

December 2024

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 W. Main St., Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.

Article Synopsis
  • FN (fibronectin) fibrils are crucial for processes like embryonic development and wound healing, but their mechanical properties are not well understood.
  • A new system allows for the measurement of cell-derived FN fibrils, revealing three types of elasticity (linear, strain-hardening, and nonlinear) and showing that fibril behavior changes with repeated stretching.
  • The average elasticity of these fibrils is about 8 MPa, and they display time-dependent viscoelastic behavior, which could deepen our knowledge of cellular mechanics in development and fibrotic diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) is a severe complication in premature infants following intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). It is characterized by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) accumulation, disrupted CSF dynamics, and elevated intracranial pressure (ICP), leading to significant neurological impairments.

Objective: This review provides an overview of recent molecular insights into the pathophysiology of PHH and evaluates emerging therapeutic approaches aimed at addressing its underlying mechanisms.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological condition resulting in decreased aerobic capacity (peak VO). The hemodynamic responses to peak exercise in MS are unknown. Further, it is unknown if the hemodynamic responses are due to disease or fitness.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: In the setting of the obesity epidemic and donor organ shortage in the United States, there's a growing need to expand the donor organ eligibility criteria for orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Donation after circulatory death (DCD) has emerged as a promising solution, but the outcomes with obese donor hearts in DCD remains unknown.

Methods: Using the UNOS registry between 2019 and 2024, recipients of DCD OHT were stratified into three donor obesity categories by body mass index (BMI): underweight/normal (BMI <25kg/m), overweight (BMI 25-30kg/m), and obese (BMI >30kg/m).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Objectives: The use of rapid response EEG (rr-EEG) has recently expanded in limited-resource settings and as a supplement to conventional EEG to rapidly detect and treat nonconvulsive status epilepticus. The study objective was to test the accuracy of an rr-EEG's automated seizure burden estimator (ASBE).

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study using multiple blinded reviewers.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

SCREEN: A Graph-based Contrastive Learning Tool to Infer Catalytic Residues and Assess Enzyme Mutations.

Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics

December 2024

Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.

Unlabelled: The accurate identification of catalytic residues contributes to our understanding of enzyme functions in biological processes and pathways. The increasing number of protein sequences necessitates computational tools for the automated prediction of catalytic residues in enzymes. Here, we introduce SCREEN, a graph neural network for the high-throughput prediction of catalytic residues via the integration of enzyme functional and structural information.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

There is a new awareness of the widespread nature of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and its connection to cardiovascular disease (CVD). This has catalyzed collaboration between cardiologists, hepatologists, endocrinologists, and the wider multidisciplinary team to address the need for earlier identification of those with MASLD who are at increased risk for CVD. The overlap in the pathophysiologic processes and parallel prevalence of CVD, metabolic syndrome, and MASLD highlight the multisystem consequences of poor cardiovascular-liver-metabolic health.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) with early papillary formation is terminology sometimes used to suggest incipient high-grade papillary urothelial carcinoma (PUC) but may lead to confusion between true CIS and lateral flat spread of PUC.

Methods: It remains unclear how pathologists and urologists interpret this scenario, so a survey was circulated to 68 pathologists (group 1 = 28 academic genitourinary pathologists; group 2 = 17 pathologists with a self-reported genitourinary focus; group 3 = 23 pathologists self-reported as not genitourinary specialists) and 32 urologists.

Results: Regarding atypical urothelial lesions that appear mainly flat but contain possible papillae, group 3 was more likely to label this as CIS compared with groups 1 and 2 (35% for group 3 vs 13% for groups 1 and 2), while groups 1 and 2 more often adopted another descriptive diagnosis, such as "CIS with early papillary features" (38% for groups 1 and 2 vs 13% for group 3).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF