Brain reserve in hepatic encephalopathy: Pathways of damage and preventive strategies through lifestyle and therapeutic interventions.

Brain reserve is an important concept to understand the variability of damage associated with brain-related diseases and includes the adaptation of cognitive processes to preserve brain function. A good cognitive reserve might delay the onset of clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases as well as hepatic encephalopathy, improving the quality of life in patients with chronic liver diseases. By stimulating activities and maintaining overall health, individuals may be able to enhance their brain's resilience to age-related changes and pathology.

D-Dimer in Acute Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis: A Prospective Case-Control International Multicenter Study.

Background: Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is rarely suspected as primary diagnosis in emergency departments and still carries an in-hospital mortality rate of above 20%.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to find differences in clinical and laboratory markers between patients with acute MVT and a control group of suspected but confirmed as not having any type of acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI).

Design: Data was retrieved from the AMESI (Acute MESenteric Ischaemia) study.

Hepatic encephalopathy: experimental drugs in development and therapeutic potential.

Introduction: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) presents a complex pathophysiology, creating multiple potential treatment avenues. This review covers current and emerging treatments for HE.

Areas Covered: Standard therapies, including non-absorbable disaccharides and rifaximin, are widely used but show inconsistent efficacy.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy due to truncating variants in myosin binding protein C: a Spanish cohort.

Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disorder whose causal variants involve sarcomeric protein genes. One of these is myosin-binding protein C (MYBPC3), being previously associated with a favourable prognosis. Our objective is to describe the clinical characteristics and events of a molecularly homogeneous HCM cohort associated with truncating variants.

"Short" Versus "Long" Duration of Untreated Psychosis in People with First-Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Baseline Status and Follow-Up Outcomes.

Background And Hypothesis: Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) has been linked to worse mental health outcomes in psychotic disorders. We meta-analytically studied the relationship between "long" vs. "short" DUP and mental health outcomes.

A Selective Culture Medium for Screening Aztreonam-Avibactam Resistance in Enterobacterales and .

Aztreonam/avibactam (ATM/AVI) has been recently approved drug for clinical use in the European Union. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel selective medium for the isolation of ATM/AVI-resistant strains (Super ATM/AVI selective medium) to help to control their spread. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of ATM/AVI were determined using the broth microdilution method for 77 Gram-negative isolates, including 62 Enterobacterales and 15 .

Use and Effectiveness of Carboximaltose Iron in Preoperative Anemia Treatment: A Multicenter and Retrospective Study.

Aim: Anemia, primarily due to iron deficiency, is a key risk factor in both elective and emergency surgeries. Immediate preoperative treatment with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in anemic patients can reduce the need for transfusions and the length of hospital stay, thereby optimizing surgical outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and describe the use of administering intravenous FCM prior to elective scheduled surgery for patients diagnosed with anemia.

Impact of Bebtelovimab Treatment Timing on COVID-19 Outcomes in Ambulatory Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Background: Outcomes after bebtelovimab treatment for COVID-19 were favorable for most but not all solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) during the era of Omicron BA.2 to BA.5, but effects of timing of bebtelovimab administration on these outcomes are unknown.

Malignant pleural effusion risk based on a novel tool using homocysteine and carcinoembryonic antigen in pleural fluid: A multicenter study.

Introduction: This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the Malignant Pleural Effusion Risk (MPER) diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing between benign and malign pleural effusion.

Methods: MPER is based on pleural fluid Homocysteine (HCY) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) that were measured using three different methods. MPER was calculated by assessing a previously published probabilistic model: Probability (%) = 100× (1 + e-z)-1, where Z = 0.

Nivolumab and sunitinib in patients with advanced bone sarcomas: A multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Herein, we present the results of the phase 2 IMMUNOSARC study (NCT03277924), investigating sunitinib and nivolumab in adult patients with advanced bone sarcomas (BS).

Methods: Progressing patients with a diagnosis of BS were eligible. Treatment was comprised of sunitinib (37.

Validation of a Urine-Based Proteomics Test to Predict Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer: Complementing mpMRI Pathway.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among men. A major clinical need is to accurately predict clinically significant PCa (csPCa). A proteomics-based 19-biomarker model (19-BM) was previously developed using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) and validated in close to 1,000 patients at risk for PCa.

Improving the nutritional evaluation in head neck cancer patients using bioelectrical impedance analysis: Not only the phase angle matters.

Background: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in patients with head neck cancer (HNC). An accurate early diagnosis is necessary for starting nutritional support, as both are clearly associated with clinical outcomes and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the applicability and accuracy of body composition analysis using electrical bioimpedance vectorial analysis (BIVA) for diagnosing malnutrition and sarcopenia in patients with HNC cancer undergoing systemic treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Educational needs of the EAES young surgeons.

Introduction: Surgical residency programs are facing ongoing challenges since the pandemic. The Young Member (YM) Task Force of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) has been created to support surgical residents and surgeons under 40, promoting activities that could be useful for young surgeons and to improve networking between members of different countries. This project aimed to explore educational needs among European surgical residents to inform the EAES curriculum for young surgeons.