Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in fecal samples: validation of the extraction methodology and stability in short-term storage conditions.

Objectives: This study assesses the clinical relevance of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) membrane exopeptidase as a biomarker of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A spike-and-recovery approach of DPP4 in fecal samples was used to compare two different methods for protein extraction, followed by a stability assessment.

Methods: Fecal samples of healthy volunteers spiked with known concentrations of recombinant DPP4 were processed using a standard manual extraction protocol and the CALEX protocol.

Pursuing neutrophils: systematic scoping review on blood-based biomarkers as predictors of treatment outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Long-term management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is challenging and the identification of reliable predictors for treatment outcomes is an unmet need. Neutrophil-related biomarkers have been mainly studied in the feces, but blood analyses have inherent advantages.

Objective: To review the recent learnings on the ability of blood-based neutrophil-expressed biomarkers to predict treatment outcomes in IBD.

A scoping review on early inflammatory bowel disease: definitions, pathogenesis, and impact on clinical outcomes.

Background: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) arise from a dysregulation of the balance between commensal microbiota and mucosal-associated immune system, in patients with genetic and environmental predisposition. Different pathophysiological mechanisms have been reported to influence disease history, with impact on disease phenotype and risk of complications.

Objectives: This review aims to summarize the definitions of early CD and UC, analyze the underlying immunological mechanisms, and evaluate the impact of recognizing and treating early inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on patients' prognosis (short- and long-term outcomes).

Very High Yield of Urgent Small-Bowel Capsule Endoscopy for Ongoing Overt Suspected Small-Bowel Bleeding Irrespective of the Usual Predictive Factors.

Evidence for an urgent approach to ongoing overt suspected small-bowel bleeding (SSBB) is scarce. We aimed to analyze our series of urgent small-bowel capsule endoscopies (SBCEs) for ongoing overt SSBB and to identify factors associated with positive findings and outcomes. A retrospective study of all SBCEs performed in the first 48 h after admission for overt SSBB between January 2006 and February 2022 was performed.

Rescue percutaneous repair of ischemic acute severe mitral regurgitation.

Acute severe mitral regurgitation (MR) because of secondary left ventricular impaired regional contractility can present with severe acute heart failure, associated with a high risk for rapid decompensation, pulmonary edema and cardiogenic shock. Frequently, in these highly unstable patients, surgical risk can be prohibitive. Evidence for percutaneous repair of acute MR is scarce, but a few case series show that this approach could be safe and effective for bailing out hemodynamically unstable patients.

Two years after pulmonary vein isolation guided by ablation index-a multicenter study.

Background: The use of the Ablation Index (AI) software for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with higher acute effectiveness and higher 1-year arrhythmia freedom. There is, however, a lack of data concerning longer follow-up. We aim to evaluate the 2-year outcomes after a standardized AI-guided pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).

Disease-Specific Vs Non-Specific Questionnaires on Septoplasty Outcomes.

Introduction: Validated questionnaires are a valuable tool in medical practice. The role of septoplasty in improving patients' non-nasal symptoms and their quality of life is still controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in outcome after septoplasty measured by a disease-specific questionnaire vs a general QoL questionnaire.

Biomarker guided treatment in oncogene-driven advanced non-small cell lung cancer in older adults: A Young International Society of Geriatric Oncology report.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with most patients diagnosed at an advanced age. The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been revolutionized with the introduction of molecular guided therapy. Despites the challenges when considering treatment of older adults, they are still systematically underrepresented in registrational trials.

Associations between muscle mass, strength, and performance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising global health issue. The influence of muscle in its pathophysiology has recently gained attention. Our aim was to investigate the association of low muscle mass, strength, and performance with the presence and severity of NAFLD.

Diagnostic and therapeutic yields of early capsule endoscopy and device-assisted enteroscopy in the setting of overt GI bleeding: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) and device-assisted enteroscopy (DAE) are essential in obscure GI bleeding (OGIB) management. However, the best timing for such procedures remains unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to compare, for the first time, diagnostic and therapeutic yields, detection of active bleeding and vascular lesions, recurrent bleeding, and mortality of "early" versus "nonearly" SBCE and DAE.

Serum TSH as a predictor of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules.

Introduction: Thyroid nodules are lesions that are radiologically distinct from the thyroid parenchyma. Cervical ultrasound diagnoses 19-67% of nodules and is crucial in identifying those that lack cytological characterisation. Approximately 25% of biopsies reveal an indeterminate cytological result (Bethesda III), in which the risk of malignancy is variable (5-15%).

Does the wearing of masks change voice and speech parameters?

Purpose: The authors aim to review available reports on the potential effects of masks on voice and speech parameters.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases through July 2021. Several targeted populations, mask scenarios and methodologies were approached.

Role of ATP-binding Cassette Transporters in Sorafenib Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Overview.

Background: Molecular therapy with sorafenib remains the mainstay for advancedstage hepatocellular carcinoma. Notwithstanding, treatment efficacy is low, with few patients obtaining long-lasting benefits due to the high chemoresistance rate.

Objective: To perform, for the first time, an overview of the literature concerning the role of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in sorafenib therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.