Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol Extract (EEPG) Against Glutamate Induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Cells.

Oxidative stress induced by glutamate is a significant contributor to neuronal cell damage and can lead to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and ischemic brain injury. At the cellular level, oxidative stress increases Ca ion influx and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which activate the MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, the generation of ROS causes mitochondrial dysfunction, triggering apoptosis by promoting the translocation of AIF to the nucleus from the mitochondria.

LC-MS/MS analysis and -glucosidase inhibitory effect of majonoside R2 in Vietnamese ginseng ( Ha & Grushv.).

Majonoside R2 (MR2), the principal saponin of Vietnamese ginseng ( Ha & Grushv.), has the unique structure of ocotillol-type dammarane and showed remarkable biological activities. This paper deals with the new findings in the chemical analysis MR2 by the tandem LC-MS/MS and, especially, its inhibitory activities on -glucosidase for diabetic management.

Methanol Activation: Strategies for Utilization of Methanol as C1 Building Block in Sustainable Organic Synthesis.

The development of efficient and sustainable chemical processes which use greener reagents and solvents, currently play an important role in current research. Methanol, a cheap and readily available resource from chemical industry, could be activated by transition metal catalysts. This review focuses in covering the recent five-years literature and provides a systematic summary of strategies for methanol activation and the use in organic chemistry.

An EEG & eye-tracking dataset of ALS patients & healthy people during eye-tracking-based spelling system usage.

This research presents a dataset consisting of electroencephalogram and eye tracking recordings obtained from six patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a locked-in state and one hundred seventy healthy individuals. The ALS patients exhibited varying degrees of disease progression, ranging from partial mobility and weakened speech to complete paralysis and loss of speech. Despite these physical impairments, the ALS patients retained good eye function, which allowed them to use a virtual keyboard for communication.

Staining-Enhanced Peroxidase-Mimicking Gold Nanoparticles in Nano-ELISA for Highly Sensitive Detection of .

, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium, mainly found in the hospital environment and medical tools. It is the leading cause of nosocomial infection, characterized by bloodstream infection, wound site infection, urinary tract infection, and sepsis, mostly in older adults, newborn infants, and immunocompromised patients. This present study demonstrated a novel diagnostic method for detection based on the gold nanozyme activity for the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of HO.

The first epidemiology of urolithiasis in Northern Vietnam: Urinary stone composition, age, gender, season, and clinical features study.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the compositions of urinary stones and investigate their distributions in different ages, genders, seasons, and clinical features of Northern Vietnamese patients.

Methods: A total of 231 patients with urinary stones from Northern Vietnam were collected and analyzed composition from 1/2021-12/2022. For all patients, age, sex, stone location, stone side, urine pH, and hospitalized date (month) were collected.

Insights into the inhibitory activities of neolignans and diarylnonanoid derivatives from nutmeg ( Houtt.) seeds on soluble epoxide hydrolase using and approaches.

Two new neolignans, myrifralignans F-G ( and ), four new diarylnonanoid derivatives, myrifragranones A-D (-), and 18 known compounds were isolated and structurally elucidated from nutmeg ( Houtt.) seeds. The absolute configurations of these secondary metabolites were determined using the electronic circular dichroism technique.

Panaxindole, a novel indole alkaloid N-glucoside from the leaves of Panax vietnamensis Ha et Grushv. (Vietnamese ginseng).

Vietnamese ginseng (Panax vietnamensis Ha and Grushv., Araliaceae) is indigenous in the central highlands of Vietnam and the southernmost distribution in the Panax genus. Like other ginseng, Vietnamese ginseng is well known has been used as a tonic and for management of certain diseases in the traditional medicine.

Constitutive Expression of a Cytotoxic Anticancer Protein in Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria.

Bacterial cancer therapy is a promising next-generation modality to treat cancer that often uses tumor-colonizing bacteria to deliver cytotoxic anticancer proteins. However, the expression of cytotoxic anticancer proteins in bacteria that accumulate in the nontumoral reticuloendothelial system (RES), mainly the liver and spleen, is considered detrimental. This study examined the fate of the strain MG1655 and an attenuated strain of serovar Gallinarum ( Gallinarum) with defective ppGpp synthesis after intravenous injection into tumor-bearing mice (~10 colony forming units/animal).

Neuroprotective Effects of Ethanol Extract of (EEPF) against Glutamate-Mediated Neuronal Toxicity in HT22 Cells.

In traditional herbal medicine, the has been frequently used for the treatment of ischemia and inflammation. Oxidative stress mediated by elevated glutamate levels cause neuronal cell death in ischemia and various neurodegenerative diseases. However, so far, the neuroprotective effects of this plant extract against glutamate-mediated cell death have not been investigated in cell models.

Highly Sensitive Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Electrochemical Sensors Enhanced by Gold Nanoparticles for Norfloxacin Detection in Aquaculture Water.

The overuse of antibiotics in aquaculture and pharmaceuticals and their subsequent leaking into the environment have been demonstrated to be a potential route for creating antibiotic resistance in bacteria. In order to assess the impact of this problem and take regulatory measures, it is necessary to develop tools that allow for the detection of antibiotics in environmental samples in a routine, low-cost manner. In this study, we integrated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) into a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membrane to fabricate a new sensor for the detection of norfloxacin in pharmaceuticals and aquaculture samples.

Unique guanidine-conjugated catechins from the leaves of Alchornea rugosa and their autophagy modulating activity.

Natural guanidines, molecules that contain the guanidine moiety, are structurally unique and often exhibit potent biological activities. A phytochemical investigation of the leaves of Alchornea rugosa (Lour.) Müll.

A highly sensitive impedimetric sensor based on a MIP biomimetic for the detection of enrofloxacin.

The benefits of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technology in creating artificial receptors to replace natural counterparts have piqued the interest of numerous researchers in recent years. We propose a biomimetic enrofloxacin-MIP for enrofloxacin (ENRO) antigen detection using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and MIP methodologies in this study. A self-assembled monomer layer of aminothiophenol was used to immobilize a pre-formed complex of the anti-enrofloxacin monoclonal antibody and enrofloxacin antigen onto the surface of an AuNP coated screen-printed carbon ink electrode (SPCE).

Effects of burning rice straw residue on-field on soil organic carbon pools: Environment-friendly approach from a conventional rice paddy in central Viet Nam.

Rice straw residue management is still facing many problems worldwide. This study used two environmentally friendly methods to investigate the effects of rice straw burning activity on water-extracted carbohydrate content in long-term paddy soil. Soil samples were collected at a depth within 0-15 cm at the paddy field before and after burning rice straw (pre-burning and post-burning), then extracted by distilled water at the ratio of 1:10 (soil: water) for measuring hot water (at 80 °C) and water extracted carbohydrate (at 25 °C) (HECH and WECH).

Antidiabetic Activity of Gagnep. Extract against High-Fat Diet and Alloxan-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Mice.

So far, diabetes mellitus has become a health threat to society all over the world. Especially, people with diabetes have always coped with complications related to this disease and unexpected side effects of synthetic drugs. Thus, there has been a current trend for researchers to find out new natural ingredients which were safer and still effective in the treatment of diabetes.

Rugonidines A-F, Diastereomeric 1,6-Dioxa-7,9-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-8-amines from the Leaves of .

Rugonidines A-F (-), three pairs of novel configurationally semistable diastereomers featuring an unprecedented 1,6-dioxa-7,9-diazaspiro[4.5]dec-7-en-8-amine scaffold, were isolated from based on MS/MS-based molecular networking analysis. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy in combination with quantum-chemical calculations.

Configurational Assignment of a Flexible Benzo[]isochromene Stereodiad from and Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Activity.

A new benzo[]isochromene possessing a conformationally mobile moiety was identified from . The 2D structure was established utilizing spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques with variable temperatures. The configurational investigation of the flexible moiety was investigated utilizing contemporary NMR-combined computational tools such as DP4, direct -DP4, and DP4 Plus.

A new triterpenoid from the stems of with antiproliferative activity.

A series of schiartane C nortriterpenoids with 5/5/7/6/5 membered consecutive rings (‒) with an unique schinortriterpenoid skeleton including a new, kadcoccilactone V (), together with four known ones (‒) and three known triterpenoids (‒) were identified from stems of (Lem.) A. C.

Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of .

, which belongs to the Myrtaceae plant family, is widely distributed and cultivated in South East Asian countries. The decoction of leaves and flower buds has been consumed regularly as a beverage among the Vietnamese and Chinese communities. In addition, it has also been used in traditional medicine for a variety of purposes, notably for influenza, skin diseases, and digestive conditions.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone derivatives as neuroprotective agents against glutamate-induced HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cell death.

Seventeen chalcone analogues were synthesized from 7-methoxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen1(2H)-one and various aromatic aldehydes under basic conditions and their therapeutic properties were studied in mouse hippocampal cell line HT-22 against neuronal cell death induced by glutamate. From this study, we selected an analogue C01 as a active compound which showed significantly high neuroprotection. This compound inhibited Ca influx and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation inside cells.