The Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot for ferns: Updated phylogeny, hidden diversity, and biogeography of the java fern genus (Polypodiaceae).

The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity, including that of vascular plants. However, the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far, the diversity of very few groups of ferns in this region has been explored using combined molecular and morphological approaches. Here, we updated the plastid phylogeny of the Java fern genus with 226 (115% increase of the latest sampling) samples across the distribution range, specifically those of three phylogenetically significant species, , .

 (Rubiaceae, Ophiorrhizeae), a new species from Vietnam.

is described as a new species endemic to Central Vietnam. It is morphologically closest to in having setose hairs on the abaxial leaf surface and a pedunculate head-like inflorescence but differs from the latter by a number of characteristics: shorter stem, 3-lobed stipules, narrowly lanceolate leaf blades with a cuneate-oblique base and 20-22 pairs of secondary veins, 3.5-4.

The first mitogenome report of Zimmer 1921 (Malacostraca: Cumacea).

In 1921, Zimmer established the genus for from Japanese waters. This study determined the first complete mitogenome of hooded shrimp sequenced from (Cumacea: Diastylidae). is a type species of the genus , distributed in the West Pacific from southern Kuril to Vietnam, including Korean waters.

Molecular detection of the zoonotic trematode Centrocestus formosanus (Nishigori, 1924) (Opisthorchiida, Heterophyidae) in Central Europe.

In our study, fancy southern platyfish Xiphophorus maculatus (Cyprinodontiformes, Poeciliidae) were examined due to breathing disorders and mortality. Fish came from Vietnam farm and were redistributed by international wholesaler. In fish, loss of appetite and gasping near the water surface was observed.

Speciation and historical invasions of the Asian black-spined toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus).

Animal translocations provide striking examples of the human footprint on biodiversity. Combining continental-wide genomic and DNA-barcoding analyses, we reconstructed the historical biogeography of the Asian black-spined toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus), a toxic commensal amphibian that currently threatens two biodiversity hotspots through biological invasions (Wallacea and Madagascar). The results emphasize a complex diversification shaped by speciation and mitochondrial introgression that comprises two distinct species.

Disentangling Taxonomic Confusions in the Group Using Mitochondrial Genomic Data (Lepidoptera: Pieridae).

Pierid species of the group are among the largest Sino-Himalayan members of genus , with four conventionally recognised species, namely , , , and . Recent publications indicated that some of these species may contain more than one species despite their similar morphological characters. The present research analysed this group of butterflies using mitogenomic data, and proved that , , , and should be recognised as distinct species, while , and should be subspecies of .

Demystifying the art of isotope-enabled hydrological and climate modelling.

Over the last 20 years, we have dramatically improved hydrometeorological data including isotopes, but are we making the most of this data? Stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in the water molecule (stable water isotopes - SWI) are well known tracers of the global hydrological cycle producing critical climate science. Despite this, stable water isotopes are not explicitly included in influential climate reports (e.g.

Profile of snakebite cases admitted to the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital in northern Vietnam from 2008 to 2020.

Background: Vietnam harbours a high species richness of venomous snakes with >60 recognised species but snakebite pathology and treatment are still understudied, particularly in northern Vietnam.

Methods: A retrospective study from 2008 to 2020 was conducted, focusing on snakebite cases at the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital, a major centre in northern Vietnam for treating envenoming incidents.

Results: A total of 5805 snakebite cases were reported over 12 y.

Daily accumulation of marine litter in a clam culture area in Can Gio District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The health of humans, the economy, and the marine ecology are all seriously threatened by marine litter. Therefore, quantifying the scope of the issue is gaining more and more attention. Studying beach litter accumulation is one of the approaches to investigating its flows into the marine environment.

Parasites specific to centipedes form a new major lineage of terrestrial gregarines.

Gregarines from the families Dactylophoridae and Trichorhynchidae parasitize exclusively centipedes and have a distinct morphology among other terrestrial eugregarines, but their evolutionary relationships have not yet been studied with molecular methods. Here we obtain rDNA operon sequences for the dactylophorids and trichorhynchids. We describe a new species Trichorhynchus efeykini sp.

Occurrence and ecological risks of antibiotics and antiparasitics in surface water in urban lakes in Hanoi city, Vietnam.

The presence of antibiotics in the environment is of significant concern due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. This study provides an assessment of potential ecological risks (RQ) associated with the concentrations of eight antibiotics and antiparasitics (amoxicillin-AMO, azithromycin-AZI, ciprofloxacine-CIP, ofloxacine-OFL, oxfendazole-OXF, lincomycin-LIN, sulfacetamide-SCE and sulfamethoxazole-SME) in the surface water of 13 urban lakes in Hanoi city, Vietnam during the period 2021-2023. The findings revealed considerable variations in the total concentrations of these 8 substances (T), ranging from below the method detection limit (< MDL) to 2240 ng L with an average of 330.

Ecological and anthropogenic effects on the genomic diversity of lemurs in Madagascar.

Ecological variation and anthropogenic landscape modification have had key roles in the diversification and extinction of mammals in Madagascar. Lemurs represent a radiation with more than 100 species, constituting roughly one-fifth of the primate order. Almost all species of lemurs are threatened with extinction, but little is known about their genetic diversity and demographic history.

Quantifying rice dry biomass to determine the influence of straw burning on BC and NO emissions in the Hanoi metropolitan region.

The urban setting notwithstanding, rice cultivation prevails on the outskirts of Hanoi, with the burning of rice straw in the fields posing a significant challenge. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct spatial mapping of rice distribution, assess dry biomass, and determine emissions from rice straw burning within Hanoi city. The efficacy of the deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) model has been evident in accurately mapping the spatial distribution of rice in Hanoi, where rice cultivation extensively thrives in suburban areas.

Description of a new species of Speiser , 1905 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from Southern Vietnam with the updated key to the subgenus .

The family Hippoboscidae, commonly known as "louse flies," comprises pupiparous Diptera that are ectoparasites of birds and mammals, with significant impacts on their hosts and epidemiological importance. The louse fly fauna of Vietnam is relatively understudied compared to other countries in the Southeast Asia region. In this study, we describe a new species of the genus Speiser, 1905 (Diptera: Hippoboscidae), , collected from the lesser coucal (Gmelin, JF, 1788) in Cat Tien National Park, Vietnam.

Physics of sliding on water explains morphological and behavioural allometry across a wide range of body sizes in water striders (Gerridae).

Laws of physics shape adaptations to locomotion, and semiaquatic habitats of water striders provide opportunities to explore adaptations to locomotion on water surface. The hydrodynamics of typical propelling with symmetrical strokes of midlegs is well understood, but the subsequent passive sliding on surface has not been explored. We hypothesized that morphological and behavioural adaptations to sliding vary by body size.

Development and sex affect respiratory responses to temperature and dissolved oxygen in the air-breathing fishes Betta splendens and Trichopodus trichopterus.

Ventilation frequencies of the gills (f) and the air-breathing organ (f) were measured in juveniles and adults of the air-breathing betta (Betta splendens) and the blue gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus) in response to temperature and hypoxia. Ventilatory rates were evaluated after 1 h of exposure to 27 °C (control), 23 and 31 °C (PO = 21.0 kPa), after acute temperature changes (ATC) from 23 to 27, and 27 to 31 °C, and under progressive hypoxia (PH; PO =  ~ 21 to 2.

New record and dietary ecology of a poorly-known treefrog, Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao & Yang, 2019 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in Vietnam.

Background: The White-lipped Treefrog Yu, Hui, Hou, Wu, Rao & Yang, 2019 was previously confused with (Blyth, 1852). Records of from Yunnan (China), Vietnam and Thailand were recognised as a misidentification and this taxon was subsequently described as a new species, based on morphological and molecular evidence. This species is currently known from southern China, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam.

A redescription and range extension of Trimeresurus caudornatus Chen, Ding, Vogel & Shi, 2020 (Serpentes: Viperidae).

The pitviper species Trimeresurus caudornatus was recently described based on only two specimens from Nabang Town, Yingjiang County, Yunnan Province, China. Here, we provide additional data on this species based on a re-examination of 19 preserved specimens, 16 specimens reported in earlier literature sources, and additional photo-documented records from northern Myanmar (Burma) and adjacent China. All new specimens were previously identified as Trimeresurus albolabris sensu lato or Trimeresurus septentrionalis sensu lato.

First record of the genus Palpostilpnus Aubert (Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of eight new species.

Palpostilpnus Aubert, 1961 is a genus of the subfamily Phygadeuontinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) with 17 currently recognized species from the Oriental and Australasian regions. In this paper, this genus is reported for the first time from Vietnam. Eight new species are described, comprising: P.

Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species.

A new species of Endoclita C. & R. Felder from Yen Lap district, Phu Tho province, Vietnam, E.

Leiobracon, a new genus of the subfamily Braconinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from Vietnam.

The genus Leiobracon gen. nov. and the type species Leiobracon vietnamicus sp.

A new species of the genus Rambutanura Deharveng, 1988 from southern Vietnam (Collembola, Neanuridae).

Rambutanura oblita sp. nov. from the southern part of Vietnam is described and illustrated.

Taxonomic updates on Pachyserica Brenske, 1898 and Serica MacLeay, 1819 reveal 38 new species and new challenges of Sericini systematics regarding DNA barcodes and genus-level diagnostic key characters (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Sericinae).

Here we present updates on the taxonomy and distribution of the genera Pachyserica Brenske, 1898 and Serica MacLeay, 1819 from East Asia. Thirty eight new species are desribed from China, Myanmar, South Korea, and Vietnam: Pachyserica chenchangchini Ahrens, Zhao, Pham & Liu, new species, P. dieuthuyae Ahrens, Zhao, Pham & Liu, new species, P.