New α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from Vietnamese Garcinia schomburgkiana Fruits.

The chemical investigation of the fruits of Garcinia schomburgkiana growing in Vietnam led to the isolation of a new anofinic acid derivative, 5-hydroxy-8-methoxyanofinic acid (1), a new xanthone, xanthoschome C (2), and a known synthetic phenolic analogue, 4-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2-(4-hydroxybenzyl) phenol (3), along with seven known xanthones (4-10). The structures of all isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic techniques (NMR and MS), in conjunction with comparison to existing literature data. All isolated compounds were assessed for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and showed significant inhibition, with IC50 values ranging from 12.

Complete genome sequence of ST462 harboring the gene on the chromosome, isolated from a pediatric diarrhea patient in Southern Vietnam.

Colistin resistance threatens global health as it compromises the effectiveness of a last-resort antibiotic. We present the complete genome sequence of ST462, which carries the gene, isolated from a pediatric diarrhea case in southern Vietnam. The 5,049,362 bp genome contains 24 resistance genes distributed across 107 contigs.

Recent advances in near-infrared organic photosensitizers for photodynamic cancer therapy.

With the advancement of photodynamic therapy, various photosensitizers have been developed to enhance the efficacy of cancer treatment while minimizing side effects. Recently, near-infrared organic fluorophores have gained significant attention as promising photodynamic agents for cancer therapy due to their tunable photophysical properties, structural versatility, good biocompatibility, high biosafety, and synthetic flexibility. In particular, near-infrared organic photosensitizers offer several notable advantages, including deep tissue penetration, a low fluorescence background for bioimaging, and reduced damage to biological tissues compared to traditional visible-spectrum photosensitizers.

Prevalence and determinants of nasal carriage of penicillin non-susceptible : a cross-sectional household survey in northern Vietnam.

Background: Beta-lactams remain the first-line treatment of infections despite the increasing global prevalence of penicillin-resistant/non-susceptible strains. We conducted a cross-sectional household survey in a rural community in northern Vietnam in 2018-2019 to provide prevalence estimates of penicillin non-susceptible (PNSP) carriage and to investigate behavioural and environmental factors associated with PNSP colonization. The data presented will inform the design of a large trial of population-based interventions targeting inappropriate antibiotic use.

Synthesis of an imine-type nickel complex and investigation of its electrocatalytic activity for H evolution.

We report on the synthesis and characterization of an imine-type nickel complex produced the complexation of an generated 2-(iminomethyl)phenol ligand with Ni ion. The use of this complex as an electrocatalyst for H evolution in a DMF solution, with acetic acid as the proton source, was investigated in detail, employing both experimental analyses (electrochemical analysis, spectroscopy analysis) and theoretical analysis (plateau current analysis). The overpotential required for H evolution is about 590 mV with a faradaic efficiency of 49% after 3 hours bulk electrolysis, competing with the two-electron reduction of free-imine groups in the ligand.

Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Intervention on Overactive Bladder After Spinal Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Surgery in A Child: A Case Report.

Managing overactive bladder (OAB) in children is recommended to involve rehabilitation intervention including urotherapy, clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), and medication. However, there is scarce evidence on the management of OAB in children in Vietnam, as well as the effectiveness of combining urotherapy, CIC, and medication in managing this condition. We report a case of an 11-year-old female pediatric patient with OAB following aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) surgery.

Taxonomic notes on the genus Breuning & de Jong, 1941 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae) with a generic and specific synonym.

Taxonomic notes on the genus Breuning & de Jong, 1941 are presented. The genus Breuning, 1966 is synonymized with , and Breuning, 1966 is recognized as a junior synonym of Breuning & de Jong, 1941. Additionally, is redescribed, and Breuning, 1973 is formally reported from China, Vietnam, Thailand, and India for the first time.

Evaluation of longan () peel powder as fruit by-product additive in Nile tilapia () feed: Effects on growth, immunity, and immune-antioxidant gene expressions.

The study, herein, investigated the effects of the inclusion of longan peel (LP) powder in the diet of Nile Tilapia (), focusing on comparative evaluations of growth performance, immunity, and immune-antioxidant related gene expressions. For this purpose, a total of 300 healthy fish (average initial weight: 13.70 ± 0.

Evaluation of tension-band osteosynthesis for cubitus varus deformity in pediatric patients: A retrospective review.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of lateral closing wedge osteotomy with tension-band wire fixation for correcting cubitus varus deformity in pediatric patients. The primary objective was to assess the bone union rate, functional outcomes, and potential complications associated with this surgical approach.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 104 pediatric cases (ages 7-15) with post-traumatic cubitus varus deformity treated between January 2018 and December 2019 at the Pediatric Orthopedic Department.

A giant degenerative uterine leiomyoma mimicking an ovarian neoplasm: Case report.

Uterine leiomyoma, also referred to as fibroid or myoma, is a prevalent benign tumor that can present with a range of clinical manifestations. The symptoms, which vary based on the tumor's location, size, and number, include pain, constipation, urinary disturbances, and abnormal menstrual bleeding. Certain types of uterine leiomyomas, such as pedunculated subserosal myomas or large degenerating cystic myomas, may closely mimic ovarian tumors, leading to significant diagnostic and management challenges.

Band structure and magnetism engineering of InSe monolayers through doping with IVA- and VA-group atoms: role of impurities.

In this work, we investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of the InSe monolayer enriched by doping with IVA-group (Si and Ge) and VA-group (P and As) atoms. Both In and Se sublattices are considered as doping sites to realize n- and p-type doping (X@InSe and X@InSe systems, X = Si, Ge, P, and As), respectively. The pristine InSe monolayer is an indirect gap semiconductor with a band gap of 1.

Highly selective ethanol gas sensor based on CdS/TiCT MXene composites.

Sensing of hazardous gases has an important role in ensuring safety in a variety of industries as well as environments. Mainly produced by the combustion of fossil fuels and other organic matter, ethanol is a dangerous gas that endangers human health and the environment. Stability and sensing sensitivity are major considerations when designing gas sensors.

Eco-friendly extraction and recovery of triterpenoids from persimmon leaves ( L.f.) using ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents and macroporous resins.

Triterpenoids are known for their promising biological activities, and there is a growing focus on green extraction methods for these compounds. In this study, ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents were employed to extract triterpenoids from persimmon leaves, with choline chloride-lactic acid identified as an effective green solvent. The extraction conditions were carefully optimized using response surface methodology, resulting in an extraction efficiency of 12.

Warming-driven migration of enterotypes mediates host health and disease statuses in ectotherm Litopenaeus vannamei.

Global warming has threatened all-rounded hierarchical biosphere by reconstructing eco-structure and bringing biodiversity variations. Pacific white shrimp, a successful model of worldwide utilizing marine ectothermic resources, is facing huge losses due to multiple diseases relevant to intestinal microbiota (IM) dysbiosis during temperature fluctuation. However, how warming mediates shrimp health remains poorly understood.

LiteMamba-Bound: A Lightweight Mamba-based Model with Boundary-Aware and Normalized Active Contour Loss for Skin Lesion Segmentation.

In the field of medical science, skin segmentation has gained significant importance, particularly in dermatology and skin cancer research. This domain demands high precision in distinguishing critical regions (such as lesions or moles) from healthy skin in medical images. With growing technological advancements, deep learning models have emerged as indispensable tools in addressing these challenges.

Integrating a novel algorithm in assessing the impact of floods on the genetic diversity of a high commercial value fish (Cyprinidae: Spinibarbus sp.) in Lang Son province of Vietnam.

Floods, which occur when the amount of precipitation surpasses the capacity of an area to drain it adequately, have detrimental consequences on the survival and future generations of fishes. However, few works have reported the prediction of this natural phenomenon in a relation to certain fish species, especially in fast-flowing rivers. In the specific context of the northern mountainous provinces of Vietnam, where the Spinibarbus sp.

Addressing shortages of hospital social workers in Vietnam: Findings from a national survey.

Studies on the hospital social work workforce in global contexts remain unexplored. This study aims to describe the workforce status for hospital social work in Vietnam. This study involved 676 central, provincial, and district hospitals in Vietnam.

D-glucose-conjugated thioureas containing 2-aminopyrimidine as potential multitarget inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus: Synthesis and biological activity study.

α-d-Glucose-conjugated thioureas 8a-w of substituted 4,6-diaryl-2-aminopyrimindines were designed, synthesized, and screened for their antidiabetic inhibitory activity. The thioureas with the strongest potential inhibitory activity included 8f (IC = 11.32 ± 0.

Prospective and Longitudinal Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive and Negative Pneumonia: Potential Role of Decreased Naïve CD8 in COVID-19 Patients.

: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number of immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed the specific subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. : In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing acute pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed up for 12 months. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed (with a specific focus on the memory markers) at 6 time points after the disease onset until 12 months.

Sorafenib-Loaded Silica-Containing Redox Nanoparticle Decreases Tumorigenic Potential of Lewis Lung Carcinoma.

Orally administered sorafenib has shown limited improvement in overall survival for non-small-cell lung cancer patients, likely due to poor pharmacokinetics and adverse effects, including gastrointestinal toxicity. To address these issues, we developed silica-containing antioxidant nanoparticles (siRNP) as a carrier to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic sorafenib. Sorafenib was loaded into siRNP via dialysis (sora@siRNP).

Molecular Epidemiology, Drug-Resistant Variants, and Therapeutic Implications of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus Prevalence in Nigeria: A National Study.

Information on circulating HBV (sub-)genotype, variants, and hepatitis D virus (HDV) coinfection, which vary by geographical area, is crucial for the efficient control and management of HBV. We investigated the genomic characteristics of HBV (with a prevalence of 8.1%) and the prevalence of HDV in Nigeria.

Phenotypes, Genotypes, Treatment, and Outcomes of 14 Children with Sitosterolemia at Vietnam National Children's Hospital.

: Sitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diverse clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic cases to the development of xanthomas, hypercholesterolemia, premature atherosclerosis, or even sudden death during childhood. It results from homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the or genes. Prompt detection and intervention are essential to managing this condition and preventing severe outcomes.

HERVs Endophenotype in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Human Endogenous Retroviruses, Specific Immunoreactivity, and Disease Association in Different Family Members.

Increasing evidence indicates that human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are important to human health and are an underexplored component of many diseases. Certain HERV families show unique expression patterns and immune responses in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients compared to healthy controls, suggesting their potential as biomarkers. Despite these interesting findings, the role of HERVs in ASD needs to be further investigated.

Nerve Enlargement in Patients with INF2 Variants Causing Peripheral Neuropathy and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease is an inherited peripheral neuropathy primarily involving motor and sensory neurons. Mutations in INF2, an actin assembly factor, cause two diseases: peripheral neuropathy CMT-DIE (MIM614455) and/or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). These two phenotypes arise from the progressive degeneration affecting podocytes and Schwann cells.

Analysis of Factors Related to Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.

The purpose of this research was to assess the factors linked to early left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in hypertensive patients who have preserved ejection fraction (EF ≥ 50%) using speckle tracking echocardiography. : A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 579 outpatients recruited from City International Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City using a total sampling approach, where echocardiographic measurements and clinical data were gathered and analyzed. The prevalence of LV diastolic dysfunction among hypertensive individuals was found to be 45.