361 results match your criteria: "Vienna University of Economics and Business[Affiliation]"
BMC Health Serv Res
December 2024
Western Sydney University, School of Computer, Data and Mathematical Sciences, Sydney, Australia.
Background: China is currently at a turning point as its total population has started to decline, and therefore faces issues related to caring for an ageing population, which will require an increase in Total Health Expenditure (THE). Therefore, the ability to forecast China's future THE is essential.
Methods: We developed two THE System Dynamics (SD) models using Stella Architect 3.
PNAS Nexus
December 2024
Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7034, Norway.
Biomass was the principal energy source in preindustrial societies; their agriculture provided more energy than it required. Thus, the energy return on energy investment (EROEI) needed to be >1. Recent studies have indicated that this may not be the case for modern industrialized agrifood systems (AFSs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Artif Intell
November 2024
Software Competence Center Hagenberg (SCCH), Hagenberg, Austria.
Sci Rep
November 2024
RWI - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany.
This article investigates the short- and long-term impacts of retirement on loneliness using panel data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe. To identify causal effects, we exploit differences in retirement rules across and within countries and use retirement thresholds in an instrumental variable setting. On average, we find that entering retirement leads to a reduction in loneliness in the long run and no clear effect in the short run.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancers (Basel)
October 2024
Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna and Gastroesophageal Tumor Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Clin Microbiol Infect
November 2024
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Electronic address:
BMC Health Serv Res
October 2024
Institute for Social Policy, Department of Socioeconomics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, D4, Vienna, 1020, Austria.
Background: Digitalization in long-term care (LTC) is being discussed as a means of easing pressures on care service delivery, optimizing care coordination and planning processes, and improving service quality. With its advanced data protection and process automation features, blockchain technology could help solve data security and privacy issues, especially for the implementation of assistive technologies. Blockchain (BC) is thus a new technology being tapped in LTC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
October 2024
Research Center for Ethi-Culture Studies, RINRI Institute, Tokyo, 102-8561, Japan.
The evolution of cooperation through indirect reciprocity is a pivotal mechanism for sustaining large-scale societies. Because third parties return cooperative behaviour in indirect reciprocity, reputations that assess and share these third parties' behaviour play an essential role. Studies on indirect reciprocity have predominantly focused on the costs associated with cooperative behaviour, overlooking the costs tied to the mechanisms underpinning reputation sharing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Policy Open
December 2024
WHO Collaborating Centre for Pharmaceutical Pricing and Reimbursement Policies, Pharmacoeconomics Department, Gesundheit Österreich GmbH (GÖG/Austrian National Public Health Institute), Stubenring 6, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
Introduction: Diagnostics can contribute to the improved quality of antibiotic prescribing. However, there is potential to enhance the use of point-of-care tests (POCTs) in general practice. This paper presents fit-for-purpose policy recommendations related to funding and pricing for POCTs applied for community-acquired acute respiratory tract infections (CA-ARTIs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Technol Assess Health Care
October 2024
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, HFR Cantonal Hospital, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol
October 2024
Department of General Surgery, Gastroesophageal Tumor Unit, Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Purpose: Serum fibrinogen and albumin play important roles in systemic inflammation and are implicated in tumor progression. The fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) has shown a prognostic impact in several malignancies. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of the pretherapeutic FAR in patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (AEG) who underwent upfront resection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Sustain Tour
October 2023
Business School, Faculty of Business, Economics and Law Colin Clark, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Encouraging restaurant guests to order vegetarian dishes plays a key role in creating a more environmentally sustainable tourism sector. However, for many consumers eating a meat dish is an important aspect of their enjoyment-focused restaurant experience. Identifying new approaches that support restaurants in selling more vegetarian dishes are urgently needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Tax Public Financ
January 2024
Faculty of Economics and Business, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt (Main), Germany.
We discuss corporate tax effects on multinationals' R&D. Theoretically, we find that a host country's tax increase may boost local R&D expenditure: while R&D becomes deductible at a higher rate, this higher rate may not apply to all R&D returns. First, as R&D creates a public good within the MNE, some R&D returns are taxed at other countries' tax rates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrief Bioinform
September 2024
Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Motivation: Valid statistical inference is crucial for decision-making but difficult to obtain in supervised learning with multimodal data, e.g. combinations of clinical features, genomic data, and medical images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPNAS Nexus
September 2024
Organizational Behavior Unit, Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02241-2275, USA.
The misperception of income inequality is often touted as a critical barrier to more widespread support of redistributive policies. Here, we examine to what extent and why (mis)perceptions vary systematically across the income distribution. Drawing on data from four studies ( = 2,744)-including a representative sample and preregistered incentive-compatible experiments-we offer converging evidence that people specifically underestimate the amount of income held by the top of the income distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSSM Popul Health
September 2024
Vienna University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020, Vienna, Austria.
Background: - Coal mining areas in the UK continue to suffer worse health outcomes despite the industry disappearing by the early 1990s. Unemployment and deprivation are cited as key explanations. However, as the health effects of hazardous working environments continue after the industry's closure, it is unclear to what extent this ongoing health deficit is due to the legacy health effect of coal mining versus socioeconomic factors, including unemployment and deprivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
September 2024
Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Climate change is projected to have substantial economic, social, and environmental impacts worldwide. Currently, the leading solutions for hydrogen storage are in salt caverns, and depleted natural gas reservoirs. However, the required geological formations are limited to certain regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWien Klin Wochenschr
November 2024
Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Division of Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
Objective: The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between mobility patterns during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and orthopedic trauma patients in Austria. Utilizing global positioning system (GPS)-based mobility data, the attempt was to assess both the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on reducing orthopedic trauma patients and the degree of compliance to the imposed movement restrictions.
Methods: This retrospective analysis included all patients (283,501) treated at 3 major level I trauma centers in Austria.
Lancet Glob Health
September 2024
Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADODs) severely threaten the wellbeing of older people, their families, and communities, especially with projected exponential growth. Understanding the macroeconomic implications of ADODs for policy making is essential but under-researched.
Methods: We used a health-augmented macroeconomic model to calculate the macroeconomic burden of ADODs for 152 countries or territories, accounting for: the effect on labour supply of reduced working hours of informal caregivers; the effect on labour supply of ADODs-related mortality and morbidity; age-sex-specific differences in education, work experience, labour market participations, and informal caregivers; and treatment and formal care costs diverting from savings and investments.
Sci Rep
July 2024
Institute for Finance, Banking and Insurance, WU - Vienna University of Economics and Business, 1020, Vienna, Austria.
Exploring the evolutionary mechanisms of cooperation in societies where reputational consensus cannot be assumed, as in divided societies, is important for understanding the basic principles of human behavior in modern societies. Indirect reciprocity provides a major explanatory mechanism, but most studies have focused on how donors, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
July 2024
Department of Banking and Finance, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Climate physical risk assessment is crucial to inform adaptation policies and finance. However, science-based and transparent solutions to assess climate physical risks are limited, compounding the adaptation gap. This is a main limitation to fill the adaptation gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQual Life Res
September 2024
Personal Social Services Research Unit, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK.
Purpose: The provision and funding of long-term care (LTC) for older people varies between European countries. Despite differences, there is limited information about the comparative performance of LTC systems in Europe. In this study, we compared quality of life (QoL) of informal carers of home care service users in Austria, England and Finland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
June 2024
Institute of Medical Sociology, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Background: Structural and behavioral interventions to manage work-related stress are effective in employees. Nonetheless, they have been implemented insufficiently, particularly in micro- and small-sized enterprises (MSE). Main barriers include a lack of knowledge and limited resources, which could potentially be overcome with simplified web-based alternatives for occupational stress prevention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Data
June 2024
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OeAW, University of Vienna), Laxenburg, Austria.
We provide a novel dataset of human capital-weighted population size (HCWP) for 185 countries from 1970 to 2100. HCWP summarizes a population's productive capacity and human capital heterogeneity in a single metric, enabling comparisons across countries and over time. The weights are derived from Mincerian earnings functions applied to multi-country census data on educational attainment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
June 2024
Harvard University, Cambridge Massachusetts.
Objective: Mental health problems are prevalent among African adolescents, but professional treatment capacity is limited. Shamiri, an efficient lay provider-delivered intervention, has significantly reduced depression and anxiety symptoms in previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This trial investigated effects of the full Shamiri intervention and its components (growth-only, gratitude-only, and values-only) against a study skills control.
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