Large-scale annotated dataset for cochlear hair cell detection and classification.

Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, of which there are two types organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains 5-15 thousand terminally differentiated hair cells, and their survival is essential for hearing as they do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment.

Large-scale annotated dataset for cochlear hair cell detection and classification.

Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, localized within the sensory epithelium called the organ of Corti. There are two types of hair cells in the cochlea, which are organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains a few thousands of hair cells, and their survival is essential for our perception of sound because they are terminally differentiated and do not regenerate after insult.

Finding the most suitable puncture site for intraosseous access in term and preterm neonates: an ultrasound-based anatomical pilot study.

The purpose of this prospective ultrasound-based pilot study was to identify the most suitable tibial puncture site for intraosseous (IO) access in term and preterm neonates, describe tibial dimensions at this site, and provide anatomical landmarks for rapid localization. We measured the tibial dimensions and distances to anatomical landmarks at puncture sites A (proximal: 10 mm distal to the tibial tuberosity; distal: 10 mm proximal to the malleolus medialis) and B (chosen by palpation of the pediatrician), in 40 newborns in four weight groups (< 1000 g; 1000-2000 g, 2000-3000 g, and 3000-4000 g). Sites were rejected if they fell short of the assumed safety distance to the tibial growth plate of 10 mm.

Biomarker Prediction of Complex Coronary Revascularization Procedures in the FOURIER Trial.

Background: Biomarkers are known to predict major adverse cardiovascular events. However, the association of biomarkers with complex coronary revascularization procedures or high-risk coronary anatomy at the time of revascularization is not understood.

Objectives: We examined the associations between baseline biomarkers and major coronary events (MCE) and complex revascularization procedures.

Choice of vector and surgical approach enables efficient cochlear gene transfer in nonhuman primate.

Inner ear gene therapy using adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) promises to alleviate hearing and balance disorders. We previously established the benefits of Anc80L65 in targeting inner and outer hair cells in newborn mice. To accelerate translation to humans, we now report the feasibility and efficiency of the surgical approach and vector delivery in a nonhuman primate model.

Effect of Evolocumab in Patients With Prior Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: Patients with prior percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are at high residual risk for multiple types of coronary events within and beyond the stented lesion. This risk might be mitigated by more intensive LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol)-lowering beyond just with statin therapy.

Methods: FOURIER (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research With PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects With Elevated Risk) randomized 27 564 patients with stable atherosclerotic disease on statin to the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9) inhibitor evolocumab or placebo with a median follow-up of 2.

Distinct prognostic value of different portal hypertension-associated features in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) may progress to cirrhosis and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). This study assesses different features of CSPH and their distinct prognostic impact regarding decompensation and survival in patients with PBC.

Methods: Patients with PBC were identified during a database query of our digital patient reporting system.

A Biomarker-Based Score for Risk of Hospitalization for Heart Failure in Patients With Diabetes.

Objective: Heart failure (HF) is an impactful complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to develop and validate a risk score for hospitalization for HF (HHF) incorporating biomarkers and clinical factor(s) in patients with T2DM.

Research Design And Methods: We derived a risk score for HHF using clinical data, high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), and N-terminal prohormone of B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) from 6,106 placebo-treated patients with T2DM in SAVOR-TIMI 53 (Saxagliptin Assessment of Vascular Outcomes Recorded in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 53).

Imaging of pediatric bone and growth disorders: Of diagnostic workhorses and new horizons.

Children and adolescents with bone and growth disorders require interdisciplinary care from various specialists including pediatric radiologists with a focus on musculoskeletal disorders. This article covers routine topics, differential diagnoses, and selected research imaging in children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), X‑linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), achondroplasia, and other bone and growth disorders from the standpoint of a tertiary referral center.

Effect of Evolocumab on Complex Coronary Disease Requiring Revascularization.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the ability of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor evolocumab to reduce the risk of complex coronary atherosclerosis requiring revascularization.

Background: PCSK9 inhibitors induce plaque regression and reduce the risk of coronary revascularization overall.

Methods: FOURIER (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research with PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects with Elevated Risk) was a randomized trial of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab versus placebo in 27,564 patients with stable atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease on statin therapy followed for a median of 2.

Effect of Dapagliflozin on Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights From the DECLARE-TIMI 58 Trial.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL) are associated with both diabetes mellitus and its related comorbidities, including hypertension, obesity, and heart failure (HF). SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter 2) inhibitors have been shown to lower blood pressure, reduce weight, have salutary effects on left ventricular remodeling, and reduce hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We therefore investigated whether SGLT2 inhibitors could also reduce the risk of AF/AFL.

Augmenting Analytics Software for Clinical Microbiology by Man-Machine Interaction.

In the present study, we intended to solve identification problems in analyzing the results of microbiology by proactive man-machine interaction. We modified the analytics software MOMO so that it flags laboratory results containing textual elements unknown to the thesaurus, and a human expert assigns the elements to the respective existing thesaurus elements or creates new ones. In 773,309 laboratory results, roughly 2.

Separating Business Logic from Medical Knowledge in Digital Clinical Workflows Using Business Process Model and Notation and Arden Syntax.

Background: Evidence-based clinical guidelines have a major positive effect on the physician's decision-making process. Computer-executable clinical guidelines allow for automated guideline marshalling during a clinical diagnostic process, thus improving the decision-making process.

Objectives: Implementation of a digital clinical guideline for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B as a computerized workflow, thereby separating business logic from medical knowledge and decision-making.

Knowledge-based immunosuppressive therapy for kidney transplant patients--from theoretical model to clinical integration.

Immunosuppressive therapy is a risky necessity after a patient received a kidney transplant. To reduce risks, a knowledge-based system was developed that determines the right dosage of the immunosuppresive agent Tacrolimus. A theoretical model, to classify medication blood levels as well as medication adaptions, was created using data from almost 500 patients, and over 13.

Anticancer effects of zoledronic acid against human osteosarcoma cells.

Based on neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients has improved dramatically. However, due to therapy resistance in patient subgroups, the development of new treatment strategies is still of utmost importance. The aim of our study was to test the effects of the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZOL) on osteosarcoma cell lines (N = 9).

Does the placenta inhibit the passage of chromium and cobalt after metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty?

Umbilical cord serum and corresponding maternal serum of 3 women with uncemented metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasties were analyzed for cobalt and chromium. The women were an average 3.8 (range, 2-5) years after hip surgery.