Influence of processing of seitan, tempeh, and firm regular tofu on protein and lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction products formation.

The impact of production and cooking on protein oxidation, lipid oxidation and Maillard reaction products (MRPs) generation was evaluated for firm regular tofu, tempeh, and seitan, three plant-based alternatives to meat products. Tofu showed higher content of protein-bound carbonyls (25.5 ± 5.

Advancing elemental analysis by collision/reaction cell technology and micro-droplet calibration for bioimaging applications by LA-ICP-TOFMS.

Background: Bioimaging applications by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-TOFMS) require comprehensive elemental analysis spanning the entire mass range. Within biological systems, endogenous elements are critical for maintaining metal homeostasis in cells, a fundamental aspect in disease progression when disrupted. Additionally, elements from the higher mass range may originate from various sources such as metal-tags for immuno-mass spectrometry, nanoparticles, or metal-based anticancer drugs.

Gram-scale green synthesis of a highly stable cationic covalent organic framework for efficient and selective removal of ReO /TcO.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have developed as efficient and selective adsorbents to mitigate TcO contamination. However, the eco-friendly and scalable production of COF-based adsorbents for the removal of TcO has not yet been reported. This study explores the potential of a cationic COF (TpDB-COF) synthesized a green hydrothermal method, achieving gram-scale yields per batch, thereby addressing a significant limitation of existing COF production methods.

Site-specifically Phosphorylated Hsp90C-terminal Domain Variants Provide Access to Deciphering the Chaperone Code.

The ubiquitous molecular chaperone Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is pivotal in many cellular processes through folding of client proteins under stressed and normal conditions. Despite intensive research on its function as a chaperone, the influence of posttranslational modifications on Hsp90 (the 'chaperone code'), and its interactions with co-chaperones and client proteins, still remains to be elucidated. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of Hsp90 is essential for formation of the active homodimer state of Hsp90 and contains recognition sites for co-chaperones and client proteins.

Triple acquisition mass spectrometry (TRAM) combining targeted and non-targeted metabolomics in a single run.

Background: We introduce TRAM, a triple acquisition strategy on a high-speed quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer for merging non-targeted and targeted metabolomics into one run. TRAM stands for "quasi-simultaneous" acquisition of (1) a full scan MS1, (2) top 30 data-dependent MS2 (DDA), and (3) targeted scheduled MS2 for multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) within measurement cycles of ∼1 s. TRAM combines the selectivity and sensitivity of state-of-the-art targeted MRM-based methods with the full scope of non-targeted analysis enabled by high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Understanding acid-glycol switchable emulsifiers on the molecular scale.

Switchable emulsifiers are commonly studied at the macroscopic scale without significant insight into the molecular properties and processes underpinning their behaviour. This work aims to investigate on the molecular scale a switchable emulsifier comprising poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (PEGMA). This emulsifier forms stable oil/water emulsions at pH > 10, but the emulsion becomes unstable at pH < 3 due to droplet aggregation.

The distinct mechanism regulating taurine homeostasis in mice: Nutrient availability affects taurine levels in the liver and energy restriction influences it in the intestine.

Aims: Our previous findings indicate that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the production and secretion of taurine-conjugated bile acids in mice. Subsequent processing by gut microbiota leads to increased levels of deconjugated bile acids, taurine, and various taurine conjugates in the intestine. Furthermore, we demonstrated that carbohydrate restriction and protein restriction, to a smaller extent, mirror the impact of CR in terms of hepatic production of bile acids but not their secretion.

Capsaicin attenuates the effect of inflammatory cytokines in a HaCaT cell model for basal keratinocytes.

Introduction: The resolution of the skin's inflammatory response is only possible if its barrier function is restored. TRPV1 channel activation plays an important role during inflammation but the effect of this activation on the skin barrier under inflammatory conditions has not been clarified. We hypothesize that it could potentially aid the keratinocyte barrier by reducing inflammatory cytokine release and promoting tight junction development.

Phosphasilene mediated CO activation and deoxygenative homo coupling of CO molecules in reactions with metal carbonyls.

Herein, we report the synthesis of a new sterically demanding hyper-coordinate phosphasilene (Mes*PSi(SiMe)(PhC(N Bu)) (1) and its unprecedented reactivity with metal carbonyls (M = Fe, Mo, W). The reaction of 1 with Fe(CO) involves the deoxygenative homocoupling of two CO molecules, forming a rare ketene (μ-CCO) inserted Fe complex 2. Contrastingly, reactions with M(CO) (M = Mo, W) entail the deoxygenated activation of one CO molecule, with the second CO molecule being trapped between Si and P atoms.

Disentangling the Complexity in Protein Complexes Using Complementary Isotope-Labeling and Multiple-Receiver NMR Spectroscopy.

Intrinsically disordered proteins are abundant in eukaryotic systems, but they remain largely elusive pharmacological targets. NMR spectroscopy proved to be a suitable method to study these proteins and their interaction with one another or with drug candidates. Although NMR can give atomistic information about these interplays, molecular complexity due to severe spectral overlap, limited sample stability, and quantity remain an issue and hamper widespread applications.

Hydride Shuttle Catalysis: From Conventional to Inverse Mode.

Hydride shuttle catalysis has emerged as a powerful synthetic platform, enabling the selective formation of C-C bonds to yield sp-rich structures. By virtue of the compelling reactivity of sterically encumbered Lewis acids from the frustrated Lewis pair regime, hydride shuttle catalysis enables the regioselective functionalization of alkyl amines at either the α- or β-position. In contrast to classical Lewis acid reactivity, the increased steric hindrance prevents interaction with the Lewis basic amine itself, instead leading to reversible abstraction of a hydride from the amine α-carbon.

Automated High-Throughput Biological Sex Identification from Archeological Human Dental Enamel Using Targeted Proteomics.

Biological sex is key information for archeological and forensic studies, which can be determined by proteomics. However, the lack of a standardized approach for fast and accurate sex identification currently limits the reach of proteomics applications. Here, we introduce a streamlined mass spectrometry (MS)-based workflow for the determination of biological sex using human dental enamel.

Short-lived calcium carbonate precursors observed in situ via Bullet-dynamic nuclear polarization.

The discovery of (meta)stable pre-nucleation species (PNS) challenges the established nucleation-and-growth paradigm. While stable PNS with long lifetimes are readily accessible experimentally, identifying and characterizing early-stage intermediates with short lifetimes remains challenging. We demonstrate that species with lifetimes ≪ 5 s can be characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy when boosted by 'Bullet' dynamic nuclear polarization (Bullet-DNP).

The importance of radiochemical purity: Cellular binding and internalization of different radiometal chlorides in prostate cancer cells.

Radiometals play an important role in nuclear medicine, both for imaging and therapy. Binding studies represent an important step in the development of new radiolabeled ligands, as valuable insights into the binding properties can be gained. However, this technique requires high radiochemical purity, otherwise results may lead to wrong assumptions or misinterpretations of affinities or uptake rates.

SpaiNN: equivariant message passing for excited-state nonadiabatic molecular dynamics.

Excited-state molecular dynamics simulations are crucial for understanding processes like photosynthesis, vision, and radiation damage. However, the computational complexity of quantum chemical calculations restricts their scope. Machine learning offers a solution by delivering high-accuracy properties at lower computational costs.

Identification of 4'-Demethyl-3,9-dihydroeucomin as a Bitter-Masking Compound from the Resin of .

Masking the bitter taste of foods is one of the key strategies to improve their taste and palatability, particularly in the context of clean labeling, where natural compounds are preferred. Despite the demand, the availability of natural bitter-masking compounds remains limited. Here, we identified the bitter-masking compound 4'-demethyl-3,9-dihydroeucomin () isolated from the resin of by means of an activity-guided in vivo (sensory bitterness rating of quinine) and in vitro (cell-based bitter response assays) approach.

Short-Term Exposure to Foodborne Xenoestrogens Affects Breast Cancer Cell Morphology and Motility Relevant for Metastatic Behavior .

Breast cancer is highly susceptible to metastasis formation. During the time of disease progression, tumor pathophysiology can be impacted by endogenous factors, like hormonal status, as well as by environmental exposures, such as those related to diet and lifestyle. New lines of evidence point toward a potential role for foodborne endocrine disruptive chemicals in this respect; however, mechanistic understanding remains limited.

Toxic effects of the emerging Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Dinophyceae) on multiple trophic levels of the pelagic food web.

The dinoflagellate Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax, a harmful algal bloom species, is currently appearing in increasing frequency and abundance across Northern European waters, displacing other Alexandrium species. This mixotrophic alga produces goniodomins (GDs) and bioactive extracellular substances (BECs) that may pose a threat to coastal ecosystems and other marine resources. This study demonstrated the adverse effects of A.

Branched Polymeric Prenucleation Assemblies Initiate Calcium Phosphate Precipitation.

The formation of crystalline calcium phosphate (CaP) has recently gained ample attention as it does not follow the classic nucleation-and-growth mechanism of solid formation. Instead, the precipitation mechanisms can involve numerous intermediates, including soluble prenucleation species. However, structural features, stability, and transformation of such solution-state precursors remain largely undisclosed.

Electric-field assisted spatioselective deposition of MIL-101(Cr) to enhance electrical conductivity and humidity sensing performance.

Precise deposition of metal-organic framework (MOF) materials is important for fabricating high-performing MOF-based devices. Electric-field assisted drop-casting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-functionalized (PEDOT) MIL-101(Cr) nanoparticles onto interdigitated electrodes allowed their precise spatioselective deposition as percolating nanoparticle chains in the interelectrode gaps. The resulting aligned materials were investigated for resistive and capacitive humidity sensing and compared with unaligned samples prepared via regular drop-casting.

Gut microbiota, dietary taurine, and fiber shift taurine homeostasis in adipose tissue of calorie-restricted mice to impact fat loss.

Previously, we demonstrated that caloric restriction (CR) stimulates the synthesis, conjugation, secretion, and deconjugation of taurine and bile acids in the intestine, as well as their reuptake. Given taurine's potent antiobesogenic properties, this study aimed to assess whether the CR-induced shift in taurine homeostasis contributes to adipose tissue loss. To verify that, male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to 20% CR or ad libitum feeding, with variations in cage bedding and gut microbiota conditions.

Isotope dilution with isotopically labeled biomass: An effective alternative for quantitative metabolomics.

Background: State-of-the-art quantitative metabolomics relies on isotope dilution using internal standards (IS) derived from fully C labeled biomass. By spiking samples and external standards with known amounts of IS, the spike characterization demands are kept to a minimum. In fact, it is sufficient to experimentally assess the isotopic enrichment of the IS.

FAIMS Shotgun Lipidomics for Enhanced Class- and Charge-State Separation Complemented by Automated Ganglioside Annotation.

The analysis of gangliosides is extremely challenging, given their structural complexity, lack of reference standards, databases, and software solutions. Here, we introduce a fast 6 min high field asymmetric ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS) shotgun lipidomics workflow, along with a dedicated software solution for ganglioside detection. By ramping FAIMS compensation voltages, ideal ranges for different ganglioside classes were obtained.

Microalgae as a New Source of Oxylipins: A Comprehensive LC-MS-Based Analysis Using Conventional and Green Extraction Methods.

Microalgae are promising sources of essential lipids, including omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 and n-6 PUFA) and novel lipid metabolites like oxylipins. However, limited data exist on the oxylipin profile, its characterization, and the potential impact of the extraction process on these metabolites in microalgae. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the fatty acid and oxylipin profile of four microalgal species of interest (, , , and ) while also examining the impact of the extraction method, with a focus on developing a greener process using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and ethanol.