Prognostic Factors in 26 Cats Undergoing Surgery for Extra-Hepatic Biliary Obstruction.

Surgical management of feline extra-hepatic biliary obstruction (EHBO) has poor survival rates with few prognostic factors reported in the literature. The etiology and clinical findings of feline EHBO and their influence on short-(2 weeks-6 months) and long-term (>6 months) survival and prognosis were examined in an observational clinical retrospective study of 26 client-owned cats undergoing surgery for biliary obstruction at one institution between 2012 and 2020. The etiology of EHBO was determined in 21/26 cats, which included inflammatory causes (14/21), neoplastic causes (6/21), and a duodenal foreign body (1/21).

Echocardiographic Changes in Dogs with Stage B2 Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease Treated with Pimobendan Monotherapy.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic pimobendan monotherapy on cardiac size in dogs with stage B2 myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Data from 31 dogs diagnosed with MMVD and cardiomegaly (LA/Ao ≥ 1.6 and LVIDdn ≥ 1.

Current Situation for Pharmacists in Japanese Veterinary Medicine: Exploring the Pharmaceutical Needs and Challenges of Veterinary Staff to Facilitate Collaborative Veterinary Care.

While veterinary pharmacy is common overseas, it has yet to gain traction in Japan. To clarify the actual situation in Japan, two surveys were conducted, targeting 4017 facilities (2000 pharmacies/drug stores, 2000 veterinary medical facilities, and 17 university-affiliated veterinary hospitals). We received 324 responses from pharmacy staff and 217 from veterinary hospital staff.

Effective Control of Parasitic Diseases through Local Narratives: Lessons from Thailand and Laos.

In recent decades, technological advancements and scientific progress have significantly improved disease control strategies. However, the exclusive focus on these aspects often overlooks the crucial role of social and cultural factors. Local narratives, reflecting community traditions and beliefs, offer valuable insights that can influence the success of public health interventions.

Management of an Acquired Palatal Defect With a 3-Dimensional Printed Palatal Obturator in a Dog.

Large defects in the hard palate can be difficult to treat surgically, as dehiscence is common. These defects may instead be managed with a palatal obturator, which can serve to separate the oral and nasal cavities. In this report, a 7-year-old, mixed breed dog was treated with a palatal obturator, after presenting with an acquired palatal defect following treatment of a giant cell tumor of bone in the hard palate.

Retrospective study of partial lateral corpectomy to treat thoracic and lumbar intervertebral disc herniation in 12 cats.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the safety and effectiveness of thoracic or lumbar partial lateral corpectomy (PLC) in cats with spinal cord compression due to intervertebral disc herniation (IVH).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted of 12 client-owned cats from two academic and one private referral veterinary centres. Cross-sectional imaging was available in 12 cats for evaluation of disc herniation.

Window entrapment trauma in cats: clinical, neurological and clinicopathological findings and outcome (70 cases).

Objectives: Window entrapment in cats can lead to reduced blood flow to the spinal cord, muscles and nerves, resulting in ischaemic neuromyelomyopathy. The severity and duration of entrapment greatly influence clinical and neurological outcomes, as well as prognosis. The aim of the present retrospective multicentric study (2005-2022) was to describe clinical, neurological and selected clinicopathological findings, as well as the outcome of cats trapped in bottom-hung windows, presented to both first-opinion and referral-only clinics.

Cerebrospinal fluid-specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy.

Background: In dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti-seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune-mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM-resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)-type oligoclonal bands (OCBs) have been detected. In dogs, cases of autoimmune encephalitis recently were reported.

Clinical characterization of a novel episodic ataxia in young working Cocker Spaniels.

Background: Episodic ataxias (EAs) are a rare group of paroxysmal movement disorders (PMD) described in human medicine with only one suspected case described in veterinary literature.

Hypothesis/objectives: This study aimed to provide clinical description of a suspected primary EA in working Cocker Spaniel (WCS) dogs.

Animals: Seven WCS dogs with suspected primary EA.

Comorbidities, long-term outcome and poststroke epilepsy associated with ischemic stroke - A multicenter observational study of 125 dogs.

Background: Little is known regarding the comorbidities and prognostic factors associated with the long-term outcome of ischemic stroke in dogs. Although poststroke epilepsy is a well-recognized syndrome in people, it is unclear if this phenomenon also occurs in dogs.

Hypothesis/objective: Document comorbidities, long-term outcome (survival and stroke recurrence), and occurrence of epileptic seizures associated with ischemic stroke.

A practical guide to the diagnosis and management of suspected Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) in the United Kingdom.

Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease (NTM-PD) is a chronic disease characterised by progressive inflammatory lung damage due to infection by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Global prevalence of NTM-PD is generally low but is rising, likely due to a combination of increased surveillance, increasing multimorbidity and improved diagnostic techniques. Most disease is caused by Mycobacterium avium complex species.

Measurement of ground reaction forces in cats after total hip replacement.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate ground reaction forces (GRFs) in cats after unilateral total hip replacement (THR) and compare them with cats after femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHO).

Methods: The databases of the Small Animal Clinic of the Veterinary University in Vienna and three referral clinics were searched for cats that had undergone unilateral THR with the BioMedtrix Micro total hip system or FHO more than 6 months previously. Owners were invited to complete a survey and bring their cats for re-examination, inlcuding clinical and orthopaedic examinations, hip radiography and a gait analysis using a pressure-sensitive plate.

Complications of Intracanal Irrigation During Root Canal Therapy of a Maxillary Canine Tooth in a Cat.

This case describes a previously unreported complication of maxillary canine root canal therapy in a cat. A 5-year-old Russian Blue cat was presented with a complicated crown fracture (pulp exposure) of its left maxillary canine tooth (204). To salvage the tooth, root canal therapy was initiated but not completed due to hemorrhage within the canal.

Impact of postoperative radiography on the management of humeral condylar fractures in immature dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of postoperative radiographs on treatment decisions for skeletally immature dogs undergoing repair of a fractured humeral condyle.

Study Design: Retrospective observational multicenter study.

Sample Population: A total of 139 dogs (<12 months of age).

Accuracy of volume measurements by a clinical spirometer in multiple veterinary hospitals.

Introduction: Spirometry devices, which are components of many anaesthesia machines, are commonly used to assess lung mechanics during anaesthesia. Spirometry calibration usually adheres to manufacturer recommendations without established guidelines. Although more accurate and less variable than inbuilt spirometry in certain General Electric anaesthesia ventilators, near-patient spirometry lacks adequate evaluation.

Role of surveillance data in detecting malaria outbreaks in an epidemic-prone region in Kenya: findings from an investigation of a suspected outbreak in Nandi County.

Background: Approximately 70% of the Kenyan population is at risk for malaria, including 19 million people in highland epidemic-prone and seasonal transmission areas. Surveillance data showed a 288% increase in malaria cases and an incidence rate of 10.5 per 1000 population between January and May 2021 in Nandi County.

Factors affecting survival of foals with pneumonia in a referral hospital.

Background: Pneumonia is a common condition in ailing neonatal foals, and it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in this veterinary patient group. Factors affecting the survival of young foals with pneumonia have not been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to explore the potential prognostic factors associated with survival of these foals.

Evaluating the feasibility of using whole blood gene expression profiles to identify novel targets in canine septic peritonitis.

Objective: To assess gene expression profiles in canine whole blood with and without septic peritonitis to assess workflow feasibility and identify potential blood biomarkers that could be further investigated in future studies.

Methods: This study enrolled 6 dogs with cytologically confirmed septic peritonitis of any cause and 6 healthy dogs. All dogs had a CBC and biochemistry performed.

Computed Tomographic Findings in Dogs with Hepatic Bacterial Parenchymal Infection and Abscessation.

Bacterial liver parenchymal infections in dogs are rarely documented, and their imaging characteristics are scarce in the veterinary literature, especially in Computed Tomography (CT). This retrospective multicentric study aimed to describe the CT characteristics of parenchymal bacterial liver infection and abscessation in dogs and compare them with the human literature. Twenty dogs met the inclusion criteria.

Computed tomographic findings in dogs with ovarian tumors: A tortuous ovarian artery consistently identifies ovarian origin in complex abdominal masses.

The aim of this retrospective multicentric case series is to describe the CT findings of ovarian neoplasia in dogs. Twenty dogs with pre- and postcontrast CT exams and cytological/histological diagnosis of ovarian neoplasia were included. Five dogs presented with bilateral tumors, for a total of 25 neoplasms: 15 carcinomas (4 bilateral), 4 granulosa cell tumors, 2 poorly differentiated malignant neoplasia (bilateral), 2 luteomas, 1 teratoma, 1 dysgerminoma.

MRI findings in six dogs with ependymoma of the brain and spinal cord.

There are few published descriptions of the MRI appearance of canine intracranial or spinal cord ependymoma. In this multicenter, retrospective, secondary analysis, case series study, three veterinary radiologists independently reviewed and recorded imaging characteristics of MRI studies in six dogs with histopathologically confirmed ependymoma (three intracranial and three spinal cord cases). A consensus was reached when there was disagreement on specific features.

Computed tomography-guided drainage of a canine intracerebral abscess.

An approximately 7-week-old female American Bulldog was presented for head injury and seizures. The dog was obtunded with absent left-sided postural reactions, absent left palpebral reflex, delayed vestibulo-ocular reflex bilaterally, and calvarial hyperesthesia. CT revealed a fragmented, depressed fracture of the right frontal bone, with an associated abscess and evidence of raised intracranial pressure.

Ultrasonographic features of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia on initial presentation and during follow-up.

The aim of this study is to describe the ultrasonographic features of feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF) before histological diagnosis and during follow-up after surgical excision and/or medical treatment. This multicentric retrospective case series study includes medical records of cats diagnosed histologically, which had an ultrasound before diagnosis and a minimum of one follow-up ultrasound at least 4 weeks after treatment. Thirty cats were included in the study.

Long-term outcome following multimodality treatment in a cat with recurrent laryngeal adenocarcinoma.

A 9.5-year-old male neutered domestic short-haired cat received two courses of postoperative, definitive-intent conformal radiation therapy (RT) for recurrent laryngeal adenocarcinoma (LACA). Adjuvant RT was prescribed (16 × 3.