Comparison of 3 methods of quantification of phenobarbital in canine plasma: high-performance liquid chromatography, a point-of-care immunoassay, and the FDA-approved immunoassay analyzer.

Phenobarbital is a common antiseizure medication that has a relatively narrow therapeutic window. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is a helpful tool to guide dose adjustments for phenobarbital and avoid its toxicity. We investigated the agreement among 3 methods of quantifying phenobarbital in canine plasma: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), point-of-care (POC) testing, and the FDA-approved immunoassay analyzer.

Development of a qPCR assay to identify and differentiate insect-associated strains of the complex.

The complex contains important opportunistic pathogens of humans and vertebrate animals, as well as insects and other invertebrates. To date, the methods used for the identification of species within the genus , including PCR assays, have poor discriminatory power and may require further molecular typing or genomic sequence analysis to determine clinical relevance. We developed a duplex TaqMan probe-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay targeting the gene, which is involved in chitin degradation and transport, and the gene, which is involved in urease production.

Urolithin A attenuates apoptosis and ferroptosis in hyperlipidemic tenocytes through PPARδ/ALDH2-mediated antioxidative signaling.

Urolithin A (URA), a product of the gut microflora from foods rich in ellagitannins found in berries and nuts, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress properties in various disease models. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, is considered a pathogenic cause of tendinopathy. However, the effects of URA on hyperlipidemic tenocytes and the related molecular mechanisms for the treatment of tendinopathy have not been elucidated.

Heat stress induces oxidative stress and activates the KEAP1-NFE2L2-ARE pathway in reproduction-related cells.

Heat stress negatively affects the reproductive function of in animals and humans. Although a relationship between heat and oxidative stress has been suggested, the underlying mechanism has not been sufficiently examined in reproduction-related cells. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether heat stress induces oxidative stress using a variety of reproduction-related cells including bovine placental and cumulus-granulosa cells, human cell lines derived from cervical and endometrial cancers, and fibroblasts derived from endometrium.

bark extract reduces the impact of infection on C57BL/6 but not on BALB/c mice ().

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) may improve gastrointestinal health by exerting immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and/or antiparasitic effects. Bark extracts from coniferous tree species have previously been shown to reduce the burden of a range of parasite species in the gastrointestinal tract, with condensed tannins as the potential active compounds. In the present study, the impact of an acetone extract of pine bark () on the resistance, performance and tolerance of genetically diverse mice () was assessed.

Jerusalem artichoke: A comprehensive review of nutritional composition, health benefits and emerging trends in food applications.

The Jerusalem artichoke (JA), a plantrelated to sunflowers and native to North America, has long been valued for its versatility, especially during periods of food scarcity. This resilient crop serves multiple purposes, functioning as a vegetable, medicinal herb, grazing crop, and even a biofuel source. In recent years, interest in JA has grown, largely due to its high nutritional profile and associated health benefits.

Beta-blockers and epithelial ovarian cancer survival: A Norwegian population-based cohort study.

Cancer diagnosis and therapy cause stress to the body. Preclinical studies have shown that stress hormones can stimulate tumor progression and metastasis by interacting with β-adrenergic receptors, and that β-blockers can inhibit those processes. We assessed if β-blocker use was associated with survival in a nationwide cohort of women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Technical considerations and review of urinary microRNAs as biomarkers for chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small, non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in gene regulation, making them potential biomarkers for various diseases. In the field of veterinary medicine, there is a growing interest in exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of miRNAs in kidney diseases affecting dogs and cats. This review focuses on the use of urinary miRNAs as biomarkers for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in these companion animals.

Causes of mortality and morbidity in the endangered southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus).

Unlabelled: The southern brown bandicoot (Isoodon obesulus obesulus) is a small, endangered, Australian, ground-dwelling marsupial. Apart from isolated necropsy reports, there has not been a systematic investigation into the health and causes of death for this species.

Objective: To investigate and document the causes of death and the parasites of free-ranging populations of southern brown bandicoots in southern, central Victoria, Australia.

Incidence of Occupational Injuries Among Military Working Dog Handlers, 2016-2023.

Objective: This study examines the incidence of injuries among active component service members in Military Working Dog (MWD) handler occupations compared to three other active component occupational groups.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a total of 2,524,092 active component service members including, 3935 MWD handlers, 2025 veterinary personnel, 113,413 military police, and 2,404,719 all other active component service members (ACSM). Incidence rate and incident rate ratios of injuries were determined.

Perception and utilisation of veterinary services by rodent owners in the United Kingdom.

Background: There is limited research on how rodent owners use and perceive veterinary services and what the demand for pet insurance for these species is.

Methods: An online survey of owners of pet rodents (guinea pigs, hamsters, rats, gerbils and mice) measured owner confidence in recognising signs of illness, their opinions on and use of veterinary services and their willingness to purchase pet insurance.

Results: A total of 1700 respondents completed the survey.

Short-term evaluation of renal biochemical parameters in dogs completing chemotherapy for lymphoma.

Objectives: To identify if chemotherapeutic drugs in the CHOP-based protocol led to an increase in renal parameters in dogs with lymphoma during therapy and investigate whether factors such as prednisolone use or age affected this result.

Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively from private referral practice records of dogs diagnosed with lymphoma receiving a CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol between 2015 and 2019. Dogs included received a CHOP-based protocol as their first treatment, received four full cycles and were in remission at the end of the protocol.

Exploring the popularity of raw meat-based diets for dogs and cats: A cross-sectional opinion survey in Spain.

Background: Research on the general public's knowledge and usage patterns of pet food, particularly regarding raw meat-based diets (RMBDs), is limited in many countries, including Spain.

Methods: An anonymous cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted to assess the Spanish population's understanding and perceptions of RMBDs for cats and dogs.

Results: Of the 712 respondents, 46.

Assessment of tree-associated atypical myopathy risk factors in Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore) seeds and leaves.

Background: Sycamore tree-derived hypoglycin A (HGA) toxin causes atypical myopathy (AM), an acute, equine pasture-associated rhabdomyolysis but incidence fluctuates.

Objectives: Investigate whether tree or environmental factors influence HGA concentration in sycamore material and are associated with AM relative risk.

Study Design: Retrospective and experimental prospective study.

Spatial and temporal analyses of Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Acari: Ixodidae) in central and eastern Canada.

Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Acari: Ixodidae) is a vector for pathogens that can impact human and animal health. The geographic range of this species is expanding, but there are some areas with limited up-to-date information on the distribution of D. variabilis.

First evidence of the effectiveness of a field application of RNAi technology in reducing infestation of the mite Varroa destructor in the western honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Background: The mite Varroa destructor is the most serious pest of the western honey bee (Apis mellifera) and a major factor in the global decline of colonies. Traditional control methods, such as chemical pesticides, although quick and temporarily effective, leave residues in hive products, harming bees and operators' health, while promoting pathogen resistance and spread. As a sustainable alternative, RNA interference (RNAi) technology has shown great potential for honey bee pest control in laboratory assays, but evidence of effectiveness in the field has been lacking.

Nutraceutical Impact of Pumpkin Seed Oil on Expression Levels of EZH-2 and KRT-14 Genes against DSS-induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Rat Model.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a collection of intestinal disorders that cause inflammation in the digestive tract. Prolonged inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract is a major risk factor for colorectal cancer. The objective of this study was to fucus on gene expression levels of (KRT-14; associated with epithelial cell integrity) and enhancer of zeste homolog-1 (EZH-2; involved in cellular proliferation) in a IBD rat model in order to rule out impact of nutraceuticals (pumpkin seed oil; PSO) as a complementary approach to conventional treatments of IBD.

Effects of different environmental enrichment tools to improve behavior, welfare, and growth performance of broiler chickens.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of various environmental enrichment (EE) tools on broiler growth, welfare, behavior, carcass, and meat quality. A total of 300 commercial broilers were randomly divided into 05 treatments. The treatments include various EE tools such as perches, balls, hanging bottles, and laser lights placed for birds and a control group.

Evaluating solar power plant sites using integrated GIS and MCDM methods: a case study in Kermanshah Province.

This study utilizes an integrated Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach to perform Solar Power Plant Site Selection (SPPSS) in Kermanshah Province, Iran. It introduces a novel group weighting method, the Dempster-based Best-Worst Method (DBWM), which combines weights vectors derived from experts' opinions. The study also conducts a comprehensive sensitivity analysis comparing four GIS-based models for SPPSS.

Tailoring and characterization of bioactive graft material for alveolar bone preservation and regeneration in fresh extraction sockets of dog model.

The objective of this study was to tailor an osteoinductive scaffold for alveolar bone regeneration and around immediately placed implants in extraction sockets of dogs. Tailored amorphous multiporous bioactive glass (TAMP -BG) was prepared and characterized for bioactivity and response of human alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs). Extraction sockets of twenty-two male mongrel dogs received TAMP-BG in the right side around implant in the distal socket of the mandibular fourth premolar (P4), while the adjacent empty mesial socket of the same tooth was filled with the same graft.

Involvement of TGF-β, mTOR, and inflammatory mediators in aging alterations during myxomatous mitral valve disease in a canine model.

Inflammaging, a state of chronic low-grade inflammation associated with aging, has been linked to the development and progression of various disorders. Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible growth arrest, is another characteristic of aging that contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular pathology. Senescent cells accumulate in tissues over time and secrete many inflammatory mediators, further exacerbating the inflammatory environment.

Precision of stereophotogrammetry in complete arch implant recordings: A clinical study.

Statement Of Problem: Stereophotogrammetry has been proposed as an alternative to intraoral scanners for recording the location of multiple dental implants. Most studies evaluating its accuracy have been in vitro, and clinical studies are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the precision of a stereophotogrammetry system for complete arch prostheses supported by 6 implants.

Treatment with a superoxide dismutase mimetic for joint preservation during 35 and 75 days in orbit aboard the international space station, and after 120 days recovery on Earth.

Reduced weight-bearing during spaceflight has been associated with musculoskeletal degradation that risks astronaut health and performance in transit and upon reaching deep space destinations. Previous rodent experiments aboard the international space station (ISS) have identified that the spaceflight-induced molecular arthritic phenotype was characterized with an increase in oxidative stress. This study evaluated if treatment with a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic on orbit could prevent spaceflight-induced damage to the knee and hip articular cartilage, and the menisci in rodents.