Impact of lung cancer screening with low-dose chest computed tomography on an older population: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The older population is at high risk of lung cancer (LC). However, the importance of lung cancer screening (LCS) in this population is rarely investigated. Herein, we evaluated the effect of LCS with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in the older population.

Potential Causal Association between Elevated Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Level and Stroke: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Researchers have suggested a potential relationship between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) level and stroke. We investigated a potential causal relationship between GGT level as exposures and stroke and stroke subtypes (cardioembolic, small vessel, and large artery) in a European population. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using the genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from the UK Biobank as the exposure set.

Effects of extracorporeal shockwave therapy for mild knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study.

Background: Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has been widely used for various musculoskeletal disorders, including knee osteoarthritis (OA), and has been shown in several studies to be a safe treatment. Although some studies have confirmed the pain-relieving effect of ESWT for knee OA, research on objectivity for structural changes in knee OA is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ESWT treatment mechanisms in patients with knee OA by means of clinical symptoms and ultrasound techniques as objective measures.

Impact of Physical Activity on the Association Between Unhealthy Adolescent Behaviors and Anxiety Among Korean Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: Adolescents who engage in unhealthy behaviors are particularly vulnerable to anxiety. We hypothesized that participation in physical activity could influence the relationship between anxiety and unhealthy behaviors in adolescents. These behaviors include smoking, alcohol consumption, and unsafe sexual activity.

Clinical outcomes of mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 patients treated with Regdanvimab in delta-variant outbreak: Retrospective cohort study.

Regdanvimab is a novel neutralizing antibody agent used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the effectiveness of regdanvimab in delta-variant patients has rarely been investigated. We examined the clinical outcomes and adverse events in COVID 19 patients treated with regdanvimab in the delta-variant era.

Unveiling the Molecular Landscape of Mutant Prostate Cancer: Insights and Prospects for Targeted Therapeutic Strategies.

Prostate cancer continues to pose a global health challenge as one of the most prevalent malignancies. Mutations of the Forkhead box A1 () gene have been linked to unique oncogenic features in prostate cancer. In this study, we aimed to unravel the intricate molecular characteristics of mutant prostate cancer through comprehensive in silico analysis of transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Dynamic blood flow imaging with Tc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate as a therapeutic response marker in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon.

We evaluated the predictive value of dynamic blood flow scintigraphy with Tc-HDP (hydroxymethylene diphosphonate) for therapeutic response in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). Eighty patients who underwent dynamic blood flow scintigraphy using the one-hand chilling method were enrolled. We analyzed the quantitative variables as the ratio of chilled fingers to ambient fingers (CA), that of the chilled hand to ambient hand (CA), and that of chilled fingers to ambient palm (FPR) (CA) at 15 and 30 s after Tc-HDP bolus injection.

Repair of medial meniscus posterior root tear is effective for root healing and cartilage regeneration in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether the repair of a medial meniscus posterior root tear (MMPRT) is effective for MMPRT healing, cartilage regeneration, and clinical outcomes in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO).

Methods: This retrospective study included 80 patients who underwent OWHTO and subsequent second-look arthroscopy. The patients were divided into OWHTO-with-MMPRT-repair (n = 40) and OWHTO alone (n = 40) groups, and the healing rates (complete/partial/failure) were compared.

Enhanced Computed Tomography and F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in the Uncommon Histiocytic Sarcoma of Small Intestine Arising after Gastric Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an extremely rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm of hematopoietic origin that shows morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of histiocytic differentiation. In approximately 25% of the cases, presumed transdifferentiation of a preexisting hematolymphoid disorder can be demonstrated. Various extranodal sites, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, skin, and spleen, can be involved.

Effects of defoliant exposure and medication use on the development of Parkinson's disease in veterans.

Background: Vietnam-era veterans were exposed to Agent Orange (AO), which is associated with a high prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, little is known about the development of PD-like symptoms caused by drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) in such populations. This study aimed to investigate PD incidence and PD risk following exposure to AO or DIP-risk drugs in veterans.

Quantitative radiomics approach to assess acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients.

Purpose: We applied a radiomics approach to skin surface images to objectively assess acute radiation dermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer.

Methods: A prospective cohort study of 20 patients was conducted. Skin surface images in normal, polarized, and ultraviolet (UV) modes were acquired using a skin analysis device before starting radiotherapy ('Before RT'), approximately 7 days after the first treatment ('RT D7'), on 'RT D14', and approximately 10 days after the radiotherapy ended ('After RT D10').

Cutaneous Cytomegalovirus Infection Presenting As Recalcitrant Bullous Pemphigoid Lesion.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common among immunocompromised hosts; however, its cutaneous manifestation is considered rare in comparison to internal organ involvement. Clinical manifestations of cutaneous CMV infection generally include perioral or perianal ulcerations. On the other hand, autoimmune bullous dermatosis can have bullae and ulcerations similar to those caused by cutaneous CMV infection.

Age-dependent effect of vitamin D supplementation on musculoskeletal health in chronic spinal cord injury patients: A pilot study.

Objective: To determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on changes in body composition associated with musculoskeletal health status in patients with chronic SCI and vitamin D deficiency as a response to age.

Design: Prospective drug-intervention study.

Setting: Department of rehabilitation medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center.

Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote the Regeneration of Corneal Endothelium Through Ameliorating Senescence.

Purpose: Human corneal endothelial cells (hCECs) have been considered unable to regenerate in vivo, resulting in corneal decompensation after significant loss of hCECs. adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASC)-derived exosomes can regenerate tissues and organs. In this study, we investigated whether ASC-derived exosomes could protect and regenerate CECs.

Genistein alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by inactivating lung fibroblasts.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disease that occurs predominantly in men. Genistein is an important natural soybeanderived phytoestrogen that affects various biological functions, such as cell migration and fibrosis. However, the antifibrotic effects of genistein on pulmonary fibrosis are largely unknown.

Five-Year Outcomes of Single Trabecular Microbypass Stent (iStent) Implantation with Phacoemulsification in Korean Patients.

Introduction: This study reports the long-term intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of a single trabecular microbypass stent (iStent; Glaukos Corp., San Clemente, CA, USA) for medically controlled open-angle glaucoma in Korean patients.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included 42 eyes of 35 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Effects of resection volume on postoperative micturition symptoms and retreatment after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Purpose: Despite advances in technology, such as advent of laser enucleation and minimally invasive surgical therapies, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remains the most widely performed surgical technique for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We evaluated resection volume (RV)-derived parameters and analyzed the effect of RV on post-TURP outcomes.

Methods: This observational study used data from patients who underwent TURP at two institutions between January 2011 and December 2021 Data from patients with previous BPH surgical treatment, incomplete data, and underlying disease affecting voiding function were excluded.

Effect of body position on peak expiratory flow during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation in people with cervical spinal cord injury: a pilot study.

This prospective pilot study investigated the influence of body position on peak cough flow (PCF) during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) treatment in people with tetraplegia. Fifteen participants with cervical spinal cord injury (C-SCI) were randomized into two groups, which differed in the starting position, that is, the patients were either supine or reclined. Four sessions of MI-E in alternating positions with each session comprising three different maneuvers: five voluntary coughs, five MI-E-assisted coughs, and five MI-E-assisted with manual thrusts were performed with continuous airflow measurement reporting PCF from every cough.

Is There a Difference in the Distribution of Mechanoreceptors among the Three Sections of the Anterior Talofibular Ligament?

Background: We investigated whether the distribution of mechanoreceptors in three sections of the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) differed.

Methods: The ATFL was obtained from 29 ankles of 21 fresh-frozen cadavers and divided into fibular attachment, mid-ligament, and talar attachment parts. Histologically, mechanoreceptors were classified as Ruffini (type I), Vater-Pacini (type II), Golgi-Mazzoni (type III), and free nerve ending corpuscles (type IV); the presence of these mechanoreceptors was compared among the three ATFL sections.

Ventilator support in the pretransplant period predisposes early graft failure after deceased donor liver transplantation.

Purpose: Deceased donor liver transplantation (DDLT) recipients in Korea are generally sicker due to an increasing organ shortage. In the present study, the risk factors for early 30-day liver graft failure after DDLT were identified.

Methods: From August 2017 to February 2021, 265 adult DDLTs were performed.

Evaluating the Efficacy of Tension Band Wiring Fixation for Chaput Tubercle Fractures.

Background: Chaput tubercle fractures, located at the attachment site of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) on the distal tibia, have the potential to destabilize the syndesmosis joint. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of tension band wiring (TBW) as a surgical intervention for managing Chaput fractures and the consequent syndesmosis instability.

Methods: A retrospective review of patient charts was undertaken for those who had undergone ankle fracture surgery from April 2019 through May 2022.

Feasibility and safety of exercise during chemotherapy in people with gastrointestinal cancers: a pilot study.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in cancer patients, and exercise is one of the treatments to improve sarcopenia. However, there is currently insufficient evidence on whether exercise can improve sarcopenia in patients with advanced cancers. This study examined the feasibility of exercise in advanced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients treated with palliative chemotherapy.