TEMPORARY REMOVAL: QUALITY INDICATORS FOR UPPER GI ENDOSCOPY.

The publisher regrets that this article has been posted prematurely. The article has been temporarily removed and will be reinstated as soon as possible. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.

Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of the Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker Vonoprazan and the Proton Pump Inhibitor Lansoprazole in US Subjects.

Introduction: We assessed pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a potassium-competitive acid blocker and proton pump inhibitor in US subjects.

Methods: Healthy adults were randomized to 7-day periods of vonoprazan 20 mg once daily followed by lansoprazole 30 mg once daily or the reverse order, separated by ≥ 7 days of washout.

Results: Vonoprazan (N = 40) had higher proportions of 24-hour periods with intragastric pH > 4 than lansoprazole (N = 41,38) on day 1 (62.

Endoscopic prediction of submucosal invasion in Barrett's cancer with the use of artificial intelligence: a pilot study.

Background: The accurate differentiation between T1a and T1b Barrett's-related cancer has both therapeutic and prognostic implications but is challenging even for experienced physicians. We trained an artificial intelligence (AI) system on the basis of deep artificial neural networks (deep learning) to differentiate between T1a and T1b Barrett's cancer on white-light images.

Methods: Endoscopic images from three tertiary care centers in Germany were collected retrospectively.

Improved detection of colorectal adenomas by high-quality colon cleansing.

Reliable adenoma detection requires "adequate" bowel preparation. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) was assessed in patients with high-quality (stool-free) cleansing versus adequate cleansing. This study was a post-hoc combined analysis of three randomized trials individually powered for cleansing quality assessment.

Antibodies against human papillomavirus proteins in Barrett's dysplasia and intramucosal esophageal adenocarcinoma.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16/18 have been associated with Barrett's dysplasia (BD)/esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Nevertheless, no data exist in relation to serological analysis for HPV antibodies in BD/EAC with site-specific viral DNA status. We prospectively examined antibodies to multiple HPV types in 438 patients representing hospital/reflux controls and Barrett's metaplasia (BM)/BD/intramucosal EAC.

A Comparison of Homogenization vs. Enzymatic Lysis for Microbiome Profiling in Clinical Endoscopic Biopsy Tissue Samples.

Identification of the human microbiome has proven to be of utmost importance with the emerging role of bacteria in various physiological and pathological processes. High throughput sequencing strategies have evolved to assess the composition of the microbiome. To identify possible bias that may exist in the processing of tissue for whole genome sequencing (WGS), it is important to evaluate the extraction method on the overall microbial content and composition.

Survival Rates for Patients With Barrett High-grade Dysplasia and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With or Without Human Papillomavirus Infection.

Importance: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with Barrett dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, the prognostic significance of esophageal tumor HPV status is unknown.

Objective: To determine the association between HPV infection and related biomarkers in high-grade dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma and survival.

Evaluation of genotoxicity related to oral methylene blue chromoendoscopy.

Background: An oral formulation of methylene blue with colonic delivery (MB-MMX) has been developed to increase detection of colorectal polys during colonoscopy. Traditionally, there have been safety concerns regarding DNA damage when methylene blue is exposed to white light. The aim of this study was to evaluate DNA damage in colonic mucosa after MB-MMX chromoendoscopy.

International development and validation of a classification system for the identification of Barrett's neoplasia using acetic acid chromoendoscopy: the Portsmouth acetic acid classification (PREDICT).

Background: Barrett's oesophagus is an established risk factor for developing oesophageal adenocarcinoma. However, Barrett's neoplasia can be subtle and difficult to identify. Acetic acid chromoendoscopy (AAC) is a simple technique that has been demonstrated to highlight neoplastic areas but lesion recognition with AAC remains a challenge, thereby hampering its widespread use.

Polyp characterization at colonoscopy: Clinical implications.

Although advancements in endoscopic imaging of colorectal mucosa have outstripped the pace of research in the field, the potential clinical applications of these novel technologies are promising. Chief among these is the ability to diagnose colorectal polyps in vivo. This feature appears most applicable to diminuitive polyps, which have very little malignant potential yet represent over 70% of resected polyps.

Adverse Events After Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients With Barrett's Esophagus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with or without endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is routinely used for treatment of Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia. Despite the relative safety of this method, there have been imprecise estimates of the rate of adverse events. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the rate of adverse events associated with RFA with and without EMR.

Development and Validation of a Classification System to Identify High-Grade Dysplasia and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in Barrett's Esophagus Using Narrow-Band Imaging.

Background & Aims: Although several classification systems have been proposed for characterization of Barrett's esophagus (BE) surface patterns based on narrow-band imaging (NBI), none have been widely accepted. The Barrett's International NBI Group (BING) aimed to develop and validate an NBI classification system for identification of dysplasia and cancer in patients with BE.

Methods: The BING working group, composed of NBI experts from the United States, Europe, and Japan, met to develop a validated, consensus-driven NBI classification system for identifying dysplasia and cancer in BE.

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection of large colorectal polyps.

Design: Relevant publications were identified in MEDLINE/EMBASE/Cochrane Central Register for the period 1966-2014. Studies in which ≥20 mm colorectal neoplastic lesions were treated with endoscopic resection were included.

Progression of Barrett oesophagus: role of endoscopic and histological predictors.

Barrett oesophagus is an important precursor lesion for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is the modality most widely used to visualize and biopsy the oesophagus to establish a diagnosis. Additional clues are available at the time of endoscopy that can identify high-risk features known to increase the risk of progression to OAC, such as the length of the Barrett oesophagus segment, length of hiatal hernia and the presence of nodularity or visible endoscopic lesions in this segment.

A case of esophageal squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia with positivity for type 16 human papillomavirus successfully treated with radiofrequency ablation.

Esophageal cancer is the eight most common cancer worldwide and the sixth cause of cancer related death with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounting for almost half of all esophageal cancers. Persistent human papilloma virus (HPV) infection has been suspected to play an active role in esophageal carcinogenesis but a clear association has not still been proven and no specific indications or guidelines for possible endoscopic and surgical therapeutic approaches to this clinical scenario are available. We report a case of a 62-year-old woman with histological diagnosis of high-grade intraepithelial squamous neoplasia of distal esophagus associated with cytological modifications resembling cervical HPV infection and with a positive INNO-LiPA assay for genotype 16 HPV.

Complications of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is on the rise with more than 20% of the western population reporting symptoms and is the most common gastrointestinal disorder in the United States. This increase in GORD is not exactly clear but has been attributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity, changing diet, and perhaps the decreasing prevalence of H. pylori infection.

Association between length of Barrett's esophagus and risk of high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in patients without dysplasia.

Background & Aims: It is not clear whether length of Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a risk factor for high-grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in patients with nondysplastic BE. We studied the risk of progression to HGD or EAC in patients with nondysplastic BE, based on segment length.

Methods: We analyzed data from a large cohort of patients participating in the BE Study-a multicenter outcomes project comprising 5 US tertiary care referral centers.

Observer agreement in the assessment of narrowband imaging system surface patterns in Barrett's esophagus: a multicenter study.

The clinical utility of narrow-band imaging (NBI) for Barrett's esophagus is limited by the multiplicity of classification schemes. We evaluated the interobserver agreement and accuracy of a new consensus-driven simplified binary classification of NBI surface patterns.

Real-time increased detection of neoplastic tissue in Barrett's esophagus with probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy: final results of an international multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Background: Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) allows real-time detection of neoplastic Barrett's esophagus (BE) tissue. However, the accuracy of pCLE in real time has not yet been extensively evaluated.

Objective: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of pCLE in addition to high-definition white-light endoscopy (HD-WLE) with HD-WLE alone for the detection of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and early carcinoma (EC) in BE.

Risk factors for progression of low-grade dysplasia in patients with Barrett's esophagus.

Background & Aims: Data vary on the progression of low-grade dysplasia (LGD) in patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE); in patients with LGD, we investigated the incidence of high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and compared progression in patients with different forms of LGD (prevalent vs incident and multifocal vs unifocal). We assessed the effects of consensus diagnosis of LGD on progression rates to HGD and EAC among expert pathologists.

Methods: In a multicenter outcomes project, 210 patients with BE and LGD (classified as incident, prevalent, or persistent) were included.