Gait quality scoring data of Franches-Montagnes stallions at walk and trot on a treadmill by experts of the breed and their reliability.

This article presents the data obtained from the scoring of 24 stallions of the Franches-Montagnes (FM) horse breed by six experts of this breed. The experts scored six traits at walk and eight at trot from the video recordings of these stallions walking and trotting on a treadmill during an incremental speed test. The scores were given on a scale of one to nine.

Animal Chlamydiae: A Concern for Human and Veterinary Medicine.

The Chlamydiae are a phylum of obligate intracellular, Gram-negative bacteria with a biphasic lifecycle [...

Delivery of non-viral naked DNA vectors to liver in small weaned pigs by hydrodynamic retrograde intrabiliary injection.

Hepatic gene therapy by delivering non-integrating therapeutic vectors in newborns remains challenging due to the risk of dilution and loss of efficacy in the growing liver. Previously we reported on hepatocyte transfection in piglets by intraportal injection of naked DNA vectors. Here, we established delivery of naked DNA vectors to target periportal hepatocytes in weaned pigs by hydrodynamic retrograde intrabiliary injection (HRII).

Survey of occurrence in meat-producing rabbitries in Switzerland.

Background: An outbreak of salmonellosis due to Typhimurium was detected coincidentally in a Swiss meat rabbitry, given that surveillance of in rabbits is not mandatory in Switzerland.

Methods: To assess the extent of potentially subclinical carriage in meat rabbits, faecal pool samples of 50 farms (90% of Swiss commercial rabbitries) with ground covering litter and group housing were bacteriologically tested. Additionally, 236 rabbits showing clinical signs compatible with intestinal diseases, such as salmonellosis, were examined postmortem and analysed bacteriologically.

Comparison of four methods to -determine cage width in tibial tuberosity advancement.

The objective of this study was to test a method for determining the width of the tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) cage without the need for extension of the stifle joint, while producing preoperative radiographs. TTA cage size was determined by applying 4 different methods using radiograph images in mediolateral direction of fully extended stifles of dogs (n=43), with and without naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament disease: parallel shift (PS) method, common tangent (CT) method, «2,1» method (cage size = 2,1 × tibia plateau length - tibial tuberosity width), and margo cranialis (MC) method (cage size = length of MC/6*1,75). Two new methods, «2,1», and MC were compared to the existing CT and PS methods.

Optimizing large-scale autologous human keratinocyte sheets for major burns-Toward an animal-free production and a more accessible clinical application.

Background And Aims: Autologous keratinocyte sheets constitute an important component of the burn wound treatment toolbox available to a surgeon and can be considered a life-saving procedure for patients with severe burns over 50% of their total body surface area. Large-scale keratinocyte sheet cultivation still fundamentally relies on the use of animal components such as inactivated murine 3T3 fibroblasts as feeders, animal-derived enzymes such as trypsin, as well as media components such as fetal bovine serum (FBS). This study was therefore aimed to optimize autologous keratinocyte sheets by comparing various alternatives to critical components in their production.

Cold Shock Proteins Promote Nisin Tolerance in Through Modulation of Cell Envelope Modification Responses.

continues to be a food safety challenge owing to its stress tolerance and virulence traits. Several listeriosis outbreaks have been linked to the consumption of contaminated ready-to-eat food products. Numerous interventions, including nisin application, are presently employed to mitigate against risk in food products.

Complete Genome Sequence of Hafnia paralvei Isolate AVS0177, Harboring on a Plasmid.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of a Hafnia paralvei strain isolated from a lake in Switzerland in 2020. The genome consists of a 4.7-Mbp chromosome, a large plasmid (213 kb) harboring , and a small plasmid (6 kb).

Presumptive vagally-mediated atrial flutter in a dog.

An asymptomatic nine-year-old Dobermann Pinscher underwent a screening for dilated cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular eccentric hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction; the rest of the echocardiographic parameters were within normal limits. Holter monitoring demonstrated sinus rhythm as the dominant cardiac rhythm during the first hours of the recording.

Camera-trap data do not indicate scaling of diel activity and cathemerality with body mass in an East African mammal assemblage.

Diel activity patterns of animal species reflect constraints imposed by morphological, physiological, and behavioral trade-offs, but these trade-offs are rarely quantified for multispecies assemblages. Based on a systematic year-long camera-trap study in the species-rich mammal assemblage of Lake Manyara National Park (Tanzania), we estimated activity levels (hours active per day) and circadian rhythms of 17 herbivore and 11 faunivore species to determine the effects of body mass and trophic level on activity levels and cathemerality (the degree to which species are active throughout the day and night). Using generalized least squares and phylogenetic generalized least squares analyses, we found no support for the hypothesis that trophic level is positively associated with activity levels.

TRPV4 mediates cell damage induced by hyperphysiological compression and regulates COX2/PGE2 in intervertebral discs.

Background: Aberrant mechanical loading of the spine causes intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and low back pain. Current therapies do not target the mediators of the underlying mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways, as these are poorly understood. This study investigated the role of the mechanosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel in dynamic compression of bovine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in vitro and mouse IVDs in vivo.

Effect of a single dose of pimobendan on right ventricular and right atrial function in 11 healthy cats.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pimobendan on echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular and atrial function in healthy cats.

Animals: Eleven privately owned, healthy adult cats.

Material And Methods: Each cat underwent five echocardiographic examinations: the first and second examinations were performed 1 h apart on day 0.

A novel therapeutic diet can significantly reduce the medication score and pruritus of dogs with atopic dermatitis during a nine-month controlled study.

Background: Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common chronic relapsing pruritic skin disease for which management commonly relies on life-long use of immunomodulatory drugs. A number of the medications used are associated with adverse effects and the potential for complications during long-term use.

Hypothesis: The goal of the study was to determine if a complete and balanced diet formulated for therapeutic benefit could contribute towards management of cAD.

Evaluation of the Dynamic Morphometry of the Caudal Cervical Intervertebral Disc Spaces of Small Dogs and Cats.

The objective of this study was to provide a morphometric description of the caudal cervical intervertebral disc (IVD) spaces of small-breed dogs and cats. Specimens consisting of C4 through C7 from five small-breed dogs and six cats were positioned in neutral, flexion, extension, and lateral bending positions; and CT images were acquired. Height and width of the cranial and caudal vertebral endplates (VEPs), angle between the VEPs (IVD wedge angle), and craniocaudal distance (IVD width) between VEPs for the four loading positions were measured and compared for three segments (C4-C5, C5-C6, and C6-C7).

Bio- and paleoreconstructions: Correlates and proxies.

In paleontology and biology, measures that correlate with specific traits are often used as proxies for these traits without a clear concept of how their discriminatory power is assessed. This note warns about this practice.

Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 1193 Isolate AVS0096, Recovered from River Water in Switzerland.

Escherichia coli sequence type 1193 (ST1193) is an important cause of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal infections. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain AVS0096, isolated from river water in Switzerland in 2020. The genome consists of a chromosome (4.

Low occurrence of spp. in wild birds from a Swiss rehabilitation centre.

Background: are bacteria of the family with a wide host range. Infection in birds causes subclinical disease to mass mortality events. Wild birds may act as healthy carriers posing a hazard to livestock and humans.

Genetic Context of and in Florfenicol-Resistant Enterococci Isolated from Flowing Surface Water in Switzerland.

Linezolid is an important last-resort antibiotic for the treatment of multidrug-resistant enterococci. The aim of this study was to further characterize the genetic context of and in 10 florfenicol-resistant enterococci isolated from flowing surface water. In most genomes, and were embedded in transposition units integrated into plasmids or into the chromosomal .

Hypoglycemia attenuates acute amylin-induced reduction of food intake in male rats.

The ability of amylin to inhibit gastric emptying and glucagon secretion in rats is reduced under hypoglycemic conditions. These effects are considered part of a fail-safe mechanism that prevents amylin from further decreasing nutrient supply when blood glucose levels are low. Because these actions and amylin-induced satiation are mediated by the area postrema (AP), it is plausible that these phenomena are based on the co-sensitivity of AP neurons to amylin and glucose.

Whole-brain mapping of amylin-induced neuronal activity in receptor activity-modifying protein 1/3 knockout mice.

The pancreatic hormone amylin plays a central role in regulating energy homeostasis and glycaemic control by stimulating satiation and reducing food reward, making amylin receptor agonists attractive for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Amylin receptors consist of heterodimerized complexes of the calcitonin receptor and receptor-activity modifying proteins subtype 1-3 (RAMP1-3). Neuronal activation in response to amylin dosing has been well characterized, but only in selected regions expressing high levels of RAMPs.

Evaluation of symmetric dimethylarginine and creatinine in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism receiving long-term mineralocorticoid replacement therapy.

Objectives: To investigate kidney function by determining serum symmetric dimethylarginine (sSDMA) and serum creatinine (sCr) concentrations in dogs with primary hypoadrenocorticism (PH) receiving long-term mineralocorticoid replacement therapy.

Methods: Dogs with PH receiving a minimum of 12 months of either desoxycorticosterone pivalate or fludrocortisone acetate were included in the study provided that banked frozen serum samples were available for sSDMA analysis. sCr concentrations were retrieved from the medical records.

Decreased incidence, virus transmission capacity, and severity of COVID-19 at altitude on the American continent.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in North, Central, and South America has become the epicenter of the current pandemic. We have suggested previously that the infection rate of this virus might be lower in people living at high altitude (over 2,500 m) compared to that in the lowlands. Based on data from official sources, we performed a new epidemiological analysis of the development of the pandemic in 23 countries on the American continent as of May 23, 2020.