[Place of oligopeptide H-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro-OH in the therapy and rehabilitation of patients with ischemic stroke].

Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of death and disability In Russia: they rank second in the structure of mortality from diseases of the circulatory system and in the overall mortality of the population. Successful treatment of CVD involves an integrated approach to the problem, taking into account the compensation of cardiovascular disorders, the elimination of neurological and psychopathological syndromes, the improvement of cerebral circulation and the use of neuroprotective agents that increase the resistance of brain tissue to hypoxia and ischemia. Insufficient clinical efficacy of neuroprotectors is due to a number of objective reasons, of which only two are universal.

Initial Results of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty/Stenting for Vertebrobasilar Occlusion due to Atherothrombotic Disease during Acute Phase.

Objective: The efficacy and safety of acute percutaneous transluminal angioplasty or stenting (PTA/PTAS) for vertebrobasilar artery occlusion with atherothrombotic brain infarction (ATBI) have not been confirmed despite the resistance to medical therapy alone. There are few reports about this disease and its treatment. Therefore, the treatment outcomes at our hospital were summarized to evaluate the efficacy and safety.

Recurrent Acute Ischemic Stroke Associated with Dolichoectatic Aneurysm of the Internal Carotid Artery.

Background: Cranial artery dolichoectasia is characterized by dilated, elongated, and tortuous cranial arteries. Dolichoectasia and dolichoectatic aneurysm-particularly of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs)-are rare but can lead to stroke. We report a case of suspected recurrent acute cerebral infarction and dolichoectatic aneurysm of the left ICA combined with right dolichoectatic aneurysm, vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia, and atrial fibrillation.

[Clinical features of ischaemic stroke with cerebral venous insufficiency and its risk factors.].

Current research aimed to reveal clinical and neurological features of ischaemic stroke (IS) in patients suffering from cerebral venous insufficiency (CVI) combined with arterial hypertension (AH) and to identify its risk factors. Examination data of 112 patients with IS (aged 60-93 years old; mean age 72,1±2,6 years old, males - 39 (34,8%), females - 73 (65,2%), admitted at regional vascular center of St. Elizabeth City Hospital in Saint Petersburg, highlighted that cephalgic syndrome and vestibulocerebellar dysfunction occurred more frequently in stroke patients with CVI.

[Cerebral infarctions in vertebrobasilar artery atherosclerosis].

Aim: to obtain more specific information on the morphology and pathogenesis of cerebral infarctions occurring in vertebrobasilar artery (VBA) atherosclerosis.

Material And Methods: Macro- and microscopic investigations of the brain, its arterial system, and heart were conducted in 69 autopsy cases with infarctions located in the vertebrobasilar system (VBS) in atherosclerosis.

Results: 69 cases were found to have 206 VBA infarctions of various extent and locations.

Treatment of acute vertebrobasilar occlusion using thrombectomy with stent retrievers: initial experience with 18 patients.

Background And Purpose: Acute vertebrobasilar occlusion is an ominous disease with few proved effective treatments. Experience with stent retrievers is scarce and limited to combined therapies (stent retrievers associated with previous intravenous fibrinolysis, intra-arterial thrombolysis, or other mechanical devices). We present our experience with 18 patients treated with direct thrombectomy by using stent retrievers.

[Pathology of AtheroThrombosIS (ATIS)].

Once atherosclerosis develops, stenosis (or occlusion) may occur in the lumen of various arteries of the living body. This can lead to a range of conditions, including myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, aortic aneurysm and peripheral artery disease. The acronym 'ATIS' (AtheroThrombosIS) is a collective term for diseases characterized by a common course of development based on atherosclerosis.

Ischemic stroke patterns and hemodynamic features in patients with small vertebrobasilar artery.

Background: To determine the role of small vertebrobasilar artery (SVBA) in patients with posterior circulation stroke (PCS), we evaluated the ischemic patterns, collateral features, and stroke mechanisms in PCS patients with SVBA.

Methods: Ischemic findings on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were correlated with 3D time-of-flight/contrast-enhanced MR angiography and/or catheter angiography in 18 patients (mean age, 68.0+/-11.

Vertebrobasilar ischemia and structural abnormalities of the vertebral arteries in active temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica--an ultrasonographic case-control study.

Objective: Temporal arteritis (TA) affects large arteries, including the vertebral arteries in up to 15% of cases. High resolution ultrasonography (US) is widely used for noninvasive imaging of the extracranial vertebral arteries. We assessed the prevalence of vertebrobasilar ischemia and structural abnormalities of the extracranial vertebral arteries by US in patients with TA and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and in healthy controls.

Endovascular therapy of acute vertebrobasilar occlusion: early treatment onset as the most important factor.

In view of the poor prognosis for patients with acute intracranial vertebrobasilar occlusion (VBO), factors were sought that predict survival and good neurologic outcome after acute endovascular treatment by means of local intra-arterial fibrinolysis (LIF) and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). LIF was performed in 83 patients with angiographically established acute VBO. A significant residual stenosis after LIF was treated by additional PTA in 8 patients.

[Stroke of cardioembolic origin in Chagas disease].

Introduction: American trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. Between 10% and 30% of infected persons develop the chronic form, with predominance of the cardiac and gastrointestinal forms. Chagas myocardiopathy leads to congestive heart failure, dysrhythmias and thromboembolic phenomena, and may cause strokes.

[Analysis of ischemic stroke in patients aged up to 50 years].

Background And Purpose: Ischemic stroke in young adults has not fully been studied in Japan. The purpose of this study is to clarify the clinical features and pathogenetic mechanisms of ischemic stroke in young adults.

Methods: From January 1990 to June 2000, 133 (7.

Posterior cerebral artery territory infarcts: clinical features, infarct topography, causes and outcome. Multicenter results and a review of the literature.

Only a few large series of posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke exist, and clinical features and causes have not been studied as extensively as in other vascular territories. The PCA syndrome includes more clinical signs than the well-known visual field deficits. Concomitant findings are frequently sensory, slight motor and neuropsychological deficits.

Tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor in patients with acute ischemic stroke: relation to stroke etiology.

Recent studies suggest that high plasma levels of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and its inhibitor (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, PAI-1) are markers of an increased risk of atherothrombotic ischemic events such as stroke and myocardial infarction. In this prospective study, we measured tPA antigen, PAI-1 antigen and activity, as well as tPA/PAI-1 complex in patients with acute stroke. Stroke subtypes were classified according to the TOAST criteria.

Antithrombotic therapy of acute stroke: thrombolytic agents.

Following the initial report of the clinical use of plasminogen activators (PAs) in cerebrovascular thrombosis in 1958, interest in the efficacy of this approach accelerated only when the need for acute intervention in stroke was recognized. The use of PAs in acute ischemic stroke is based on the observation that approximately 80-90% of focal cerebral ischemic events presenting as strokes within 8 hr of symptom onset are due to atherothrombotic and embolic occlusions.

[Latency in the hospital admittance of stroke].

Objective: the hospital referral of 200 patients with cerebrovascular disorders in order to evaluate the possibility of treating acute cerebral infarction.

Method: by means of a personalized interview an evaluation was made of the time that had passed between the start of the symptomatology and the time the patient went into hospital. The results were then grouped into intervals and compared to the different nosological entities of cerebral vascular pathology.

Prophylaxis and acute therapy of arterial embolism with special reference to cerebral embolism.

Prophylaxis and treatment of arterial embolism in high-risk patients includes therapy with antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulation, and vascular surgery. The prominent causes of cerebral ischemia are intraarterial emboli from atheromatous plaques and cardiac emboli. In patients with recent hemispheric transient ischemic attacks or minor stroke and ipsilateral high-grade internal carotid artery stenosis of 70 to 99% carotid endarterectomy has shown to be effective in prevention of major stroke or death.

[Controlled cooperative trial. Secondary prevention of atherosclerosis-related cerebral ischemic accidents by aspirin dipyridamole. 2: Description of subjects at the beginning of the trial].

This paper is the second devoted to the controlled trial "A.I.C.

[Transient loss of consciousness in ischaemic cerebral events. A study of 557 ischaemic strokes and transient ischaemic attacks (author's transl)].

A study was done of 31 episodes of transient loss of consciousness occurring at the onset of 557 cerebral ischaemic events selected on the basis of a well known mode of onset, excluding prolonged comas. The following conclusions can be drawn: Transient loss of consciousness is uncommon in ischaemic strokes (6.5 p.