Pretreatment Tumor Growth Rate and Radiological Response as Predictive Markers of Pathological Response and Survival in Patients with Resectable Lung Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Treatment.

Introduction: Predictive biomarkers associated with pathological response, progression precluding surgery, and/or recurrence after surgery are needed for patients with resectable non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) treated by neoadjuvant treatment. We evaluated the clinical impact of the pretreatment tumor growth rate (TGR) and radiological response for patients with resectable NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant therapies.

Methods: Consecutive patients with resectable stage IB (≥4 cm) to IIIA NSCLC treated by neoadjuvant platinum-doublet chemotherapy with or without nivolumab at our tertiary center were retrospectively analyzed.

Radial access for peripheral vascular intervention: the S.M.A.R.T. RADIANZ Vascular Stent System.

Introduction: Radial access is the standard of care for nearly all cardiac catheterization procedures. It improves patient satisfaction, reduces the length of stay, and is associated with fewer complications. However, few devices and tools are available for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease via a transradial approach (TRA).

Safety and Effectiveness of Repeated Botulinum Toxin A Intracavernosal Injections in Men with Erectile Dysfunction Unresponsive to Approved Pharmacological Treatments: Real-World Observational Data.

Intracavernosal injections of botulinum toxin A (BTX/A ) may be effective for difficult-to-treat erectile dysfunction (ED). This is a retrospective case series study of the effectiveness of repeated off-label BTX/A (onabotulinumtoxinA 100U, incobotulinumtoxinA 100U or abobotulinumtoxinA 500U) in men with ED and insufficient response to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) or prostaglandinE1 intracavernosal injections (PGE1 ICIs), defined as an International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain score (IIEF-EF) < 26 on treatment. Further injections were performed on patients' requests, and the files of men who underwent at least two injections were reviewed.

Nutrition support in pancreatic cancer: An expert statement on practical implementation of French guidelines.

The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) guidelines, shortened in 2021, are widely used for providing the most suitable nutrition support to patients with cancer. However, there is a lack of specialized guidelines for different cancer types. In 2020, members of the French medical and surgical societies involved in digestive oncology, nutrition and supportive care developed the Thésaurus National de Cancérologie Digestive (TNCD) practice guidelines which are specific nutritional and physical activity guidelines for patients with digestive cancers.

Obesity, cancer, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: Could the gut microbiota be the mechanistic link?

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have deeply changed the therapeutic management of a broad spectrum of solid tumors. Recent observations showed that obese patients receiving ICIs might have better outcomes than those with normal weight, while obesity was historically associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients. Of note, obesity is associated with alterations in the gut microbiome profile, which interacts with immune and inflammatory pathways, both at the systemic and intratumoral levels.

Deep Learning-Based Algorithm for Automatic Detection of Pulmonary Embolism in Chest CT Angiograms.

Purpose: Since the prompt recognition of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and the immediate initiation of treatment can significantly reduce the risk of death, we developed a deep learning (DL)-based application aimed to automatically detect PEs on chest computed tomography angiograms (CTAs) and alert radiologists for an urgent interpretation. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were used to design the application. The associated algorithm used a hybrid 3D/2D UNet topology.

Short Antibiotic Treatment Duration for Osteomyelitis Complicating Pressure Ulcers: A Quasi-experimental Study.

Background: Osteomyelitis-complicating pressure ulcers are frequent among patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), and the optimal management is unknown. In our referral center, the current management is debridement and flap coverage surgeries, followed by a short antibiotic treatment. We aimed to evaluate patients' outcomes a year after surgery.

Proposal for a shared definition of « primary healthcare » by health professionals: A national cross-sectional survey.

Introduction: Forty years passed between the two most important definitions of primary health care from Alma Alta Conference in 1978 to WHO's definition in 2018. Since then, reforms of healthcare systems, changes in ambulatory sector and COVID 19, have created a need for reinterpretations and redefinition of primary healthcare. The primary objective of the study was to precise the definitions and the representations of primary healthcare by healthcare professionals.

Gain of Aggressive Histological and Molecular Patterns after Acquired Resistance to Novel Anti-EGFR Therapies in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Novel anti-EGFR therapies target resistance to standard-of-care anti-EGFR in patients with metastatic lung cancer. We describe tumors at progression versus at the initiation of novel anti-EGFR agents in patients with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutation. This clinical case series reports the histological and genomic features and their evolution following disease progression under amivantamab or patritumab-deruxtecan in clinical trials.

Identification of a large intra-exonic deletion in exon 18 in a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

By 2030, pancreatic cancer will become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and in Europe. The management of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer relies on chemotherapy and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors for patients who carry inactivating alterations. Some variants, such as large insertion/deletions (Indels), inactivating and therefore of clinical relevance can be hard to detect by next-generation sequencing techniques.

Barrier measures implemented in French maternity hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: The objectives of this survey were 1) to describe the changes over time of barrier measures in maternity units, specifically, co-parent visits and women wearing masks in birth rooms, and 2) to identify potential institutional determinants of these barrier measures.

Design: We used an online questionnaire to conduct a descriptive cross-sectional survey from May to July 2021.

Setting: All districts in mainland France.

Contemporary Outcomes for the Curative Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Pulmonary Metastases.

Purpose: Treatment of pulmonary metastases (PM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is the standard of care by several guidelines from Europe and the USA, but the validity of this strategy has been recently questioned, and the available evidence supporting this strategy is weak. We report the outcomes of a curative intent strategy in a very recent and homogenous series of patients.

Methods: We did a retrospective review of all curative intent surgical or ablative treatment of PM from CRC performed consecutively in 3 French institutions from January 2015 to December 2019.

Understanding International Variations in Kidney Failure Incidence and Initiation of Replacement Therapy.

Introduction: Incidence of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) varies widely across countries. Its relations to individual characteristics, nephrology practices for slowing chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, and KRT access remain unclear.

Methods: We investigated intercountry differences in kidney failure (KF) rate, defined by a sustained estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15 ml/min per 1.

Cytochrome P-450-mediated herb and food-drug interactions can be identified in cancer patients through patient self-reporting with a tablet application: results of a prospective observational study.

Background: Consumption of herbs, food used as medicine and dietary supplements (HFDSs) is common in cancer patients. Herbs and food-drug interactions (HFDIs) can lead to serious adverse effects and can be prevented. We previously reviewed cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-mediated HFDI for 261 HFDSs and we classified the risk of CYP inhibition and induction on a level of evidence scale from 1 (high evidence, supported by several clinical studies) to 5 (low evidence, only limited preclinical data).

Next-generation sequencing in breast pathology: real impact on routine practice over a decade since its introduction.

The diagnosis, histomolecular classes of breast cancers (luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like), and accurate prediction of prognosis are commonly determined using morphological and phenotypical analyses in clinical practice worldwide. Therapeutic strategies are mostly based on the disease stage and molecular subclasses of breast cancer. Targeted therapies, such as anti-HER2s, poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors or, to a lesser extent, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase inhibitors, have substantially improved breast cancer patient prognosis over the past decades.

Efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in various combinations for the treatment of experimental osteomyelitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: Optimal treatment of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) bone infections is poorly defined. This study evaluated the efficacy of the novel beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor-ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI)-with different antibiotic combinations in an experimental model of CPE osteomyelitis.

Methods: KPC-99YC is a clinical strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae with intermediate susceptibility to meropenem (MIC 4 mg/L), gentamicin (MIC 0.