Risk of early neurodevelopmental outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to the antiepileptic drugs most commonly used during pregnancy: a French nationwide population-based cohort study.

Objectives: To assess the association between prenatal exposure to monotherapy with the antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) most commonly used during pregnancy and the risk of various neurodevelopmental outcomes compared with lamotrigine.

Design: Nationwide population-based cohort study.

Setting: French national healthcare databases.

Inhibition of Activin/Myostatin signalling induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy but impairs mouse testicular development.

Numerous approaches are being developed to promote post-natal muscle growth based on attenuating Myostatin/Activin signalling for clinical uses such as the treatment neuromuscular diseases, cancer cachexia and sarcopenia. However there have been concerns about the effects of inhibiting Activin on tissues other than skeletal muscle. We intraperitoneally injected mice with the Activin ligand trap, sActRIIB, in young, adult and a progeric mouse model.

Development and validation of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry targeted screening of 16 fentanyl analogs and U-47700 in hair: Application to 137 authentic samples.

This study was to validate a LC-MS/MS method for the determination of 17 new synthetic opioids (NSOs) in hair including 3-fluorofentanyl, 3-methylfentanyl, acetylfentanyl, acetylnorfentanyl, alfentanyl, butyrylfentanyl, butyrylnorfentanyl, carfentanil, fentanyl, furanylfentanyl, furanylnorfentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, norcarfentanil, norfentanyl, ocfentanil, sufentanil, and U-47700, and to apply it to 137 authentic samples. Twenty milligrams of hair was decontaminated in dichloromethane and underwent liquid extraction. 10 μL of the reconstituted residue were injected onto the system.

Hypopharyngeal-Esophageal Impedance-pH Monitoring Profiles of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: To investigate the profile of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) at hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (HEMII-pH) monitoring and the relationship between hypopharyngeal-proximal reflux episodes (HREs) and saliva pepsin concentration.

Study Design: Prospective non-controlled.

Methods: Patients were recruited from three European hospitals from January 2018 to October 2019.

Safety and outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy for acute stroke related to infective endocarditis: A case-control study.

Background And Purpose: Successful reperfusion can be achieved in more than two-thirds of patients with usual large-vessel occlusion stroke causes treated with mechanical thrombectomy. However, the safety and outcomes after mechanical thrombectomy in the setting of large-vessel occlusion related to infective endocarditis is not known. In this study, we investigated the impact of mechanical thrombectomy in infective endocarditis patients on angiographic and clinical outcomes.

Guidance for the care of neuromuscular patients during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak from the French Rare Health Care for Neuromuscular Diseases Network.

In France, the epidemic phase of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in February 2020 and resulted in the implementation of emergency measures and a degradation in the organization of neuromuscular reference centers. In this special context, the French Rare Health Care for Neuromuscular Diseases Network (FILNEMUS) has established guidance in an attempt to homogenize the management of neuromuscular (NM) patients within the French territory. Hospitalization should be reserved for emergencies, the conduct of treatments that cannot be postponed, check-ups for which the diagnostic delay may result in a loss of survival chance, and cardiorespiratory assessments for which the delay could be detrimental to the patient.

Pembrolizumab for the treatment of programmed death-ligand 1-positive advanced carcinoid or pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Results from the KEYNOTE-028 study.

Background: Despite a protracted disease course and multiple available therapies, patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) inevitably experience disease progression. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been associated with NET progression and prognosis. The multicohort, phase 1 KEYNOTE-028 study (ClinicalTrials.

ShallowHRD: detection of homologous recombination deficiency from shallow whole genome sequencing.

Summary: We introduce shallowHRD, a software tool to evaluate tumor homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) at low coverage (shallow WGS or sWGS; ∼1X coverage). The tool, based on mining copy number alterations profile, implements a fast and straightforward procedure that shows 87.5% sensitivity and 90.

Severe and progressive neuronal loss in myelomeningocele begins before 16 weeks of pregnancy.

Background: Despite undisputable benefits, midtrimester prenatal surgery is not a cure for myelomeningocele (MMC): residual intracranial and motor deficits leading to lifelong handicap question the timing of prenatal surgery. Indeed, the timing and intensity of intrauterine spinal cord injury remains ill defined.

Objective: We aimed to describe the natural history of neuronal loss in MMC in utero based on postmortem pathology.

Patterns of gynaecological check-up and their association with body mass index within the CONSTANCES cohort.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between patterns of gynaecological check-up and body mass index while accounting for various determinants of health care use.

Methods: Sequence analysis and clustering were used to highlight patterns of gynaecological check-up, which included the regularity of breast and cervical cancer screening and visits to the gynaecologist over four years, among 6182 women aged 54-65 included in the CONSTANCES cohort between 2013 and 2015 in France. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to study the association between these patterns and women's body mass index.

Sensory neuronopathy as a major clinical feature of mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency in adults.

Introduction: Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency (MTPD) is a long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorder characterized by co-existence of rhabdomyolysis episodes and peripheral neuropathy. Two phenotypes are described: generalized mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency (gMTPD) and isolated long-chain-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (iLCHADD) that is always associated with the c.1528G>C mutation.

High-Accuracy Determination of Microsatellite Instability Compatible with Liquid Biopsies.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) has recently emerged as a predictive pan-tumor biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy, stimulating the development of diagnostic tools compatible with large-scale screening of patients. In this context, noninvasive detection of MSI from circulating tumor DNA stands as a promising diagnostic and posttreatment monitoring tool.

Methods: We developed drop-off droplet-digital PCR (ddPCR) assays targeting BAT-26, activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A), and defensin beta 105A/B (DEFB105A/B) microsatellite markers.

Prognostic Value of Tumor Deposits for Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer: A Post Hoc Analysis of the IDEA France Phase III Trial (PRODIGE-GERCOR).

Patients And Methods: A post hoc analysis of all pathologic reports from patients with stage III CC included in the IDEA France phase III study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00958737) investigating the duration of adjuvant fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin or capecitabine and oxaliplatin therapy (3 6 months) was performed. The primary objective was to determine the prognostic impact of TD on disease-free survival (DFS).

Higher mortality risk among kidney transplant recipients than among estimated glomerular filtration rate-matched patients with CKD-preliminary results.

Background: Although kidney transplantation prolongs survival relative to dialysis, it is associated with a higher death rate than in the general population. The objective of the present study was to assess and compare the risk of mortality and frequency of non-lethal cardiovascular (CV) events in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) beyond 1 year after successful transplantation versus patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using propensity score-matched analysis of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and other parameters.

Methods: After propensity score matching, we studied 340 KTRs from the French Données Informatisées et Validées en Transplantation cohort and 605 non-transplant patients with CKD (CKDps) from the French Chronic Kidney Disease-Renal Epidemiology and Information Network cohort.

Endovascular repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with crossed fused renal ectopia.

Chimney/snorkel endovascular aneurysm repair (Ch-EVAR) enables the minimally invasive treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm in anatomically challenging and high-risk surgical cases. Here, we present the case of a 77-year-old man with an abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with crossed fused renal ectopia and an ectopic renal artery arising directly from the aneurysm sac. After successful implementation of Ch-EVAR, computed tomography angiography at 18 months revealed no endoleaks, patency of the parallel graft, and normal renal vascularization and function.

Is empirical treatment a reasonable strategy for laryngopharyngeal reflux? A contemporary review.

Background: Diagnosis and treatment of presumed laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) remain controversial. Empiric medication trials remain widespread for suspected LPR despite emerging evidence against proton pump inhibitor (PPI) safety and for pepsin as a mediator of LPR symptoms. Ongoing concerns exist related to inaccurate diagnosis, the cost and morbidity of potentially unnecessary PPI prescriptions, and availability and interpretation of objective reflux testing.

Elective surgery for tumours of the splenic flexure: a French inter-group (AFC, SFCD, FRENCH, GRECCAR) survey.

Background: In an elective setting, there is no consensus regarding the type of colectomy that is best for patients with tumors of the splenic flexure: segmental left colectomy (or splenic flexure colectomy), left hemicolectomy or subtotal colectomy (or extended right hemicolectomy). In the United Kingdom, extended right hemicolectomy is preferred by surgeons. The aim of the present survey was to report on the practices in France for this particular tumor location.

The Use of 532-Nanometer-Pulsed Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate (KTP) Laser in Laryngology: A Systematic Review of Current Indications, Safety, and Voice Outcomes.

Objective: To investigate the indications, efficacy, safety, and outcomes of potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser procedures for treatment of laryngeal disease.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched for studies providing information about the indications, efficacy, and safety of both in-office and operative suspension microlaryngoscopy KTP laser procedure in treatment of laryngeal disease. Diagnostic criteria and clinical outcome evaluation of included studies were analyzed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria.

Autologous Serum Eye Drops versus Artificial Tear Drops for Dry Eye Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of autologous serum (AS) eye drops and artificial tears (AT) in dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: Five databases (PubMed, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang Database) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Efficacy was evaluated in terms of the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Schirmer I test, tear break-up time (TBUT), and fluorescein and rose bengal staining of ocular surface.