The Role of Metal Nanoparticles in the Pathogenesis of Stone Formation.

The process of stone formation in the human body remains incompletely understood, which requires clinical and laboratory studies and the formulation of a new endogenous, nanotechnological concept of the mechanism of origin and formation of crystallization centers. Previously, the mechanism of sialolithiasis was considered a congenital disease associated with the pathology of the ducts in the structure of the glands themselves. To date, such morphological changes of congenital nature can be considered from the position of the intrauterine formation of endogenous bacterial infections complicated by the migration of antigenic structures initiating the formation of crystallization centers.

Piezoelectric Gas Sensors with Polycomposite Coatings in Biomedical Application.

When developing methods for diagnosing pathologies and diseases in humans and animals using electronic noses, one of the important trends is the miniaturization of devices, while maintaining significant information for diagnostic purposes. A combination of several sorbents that have unique sorption features of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on one transducer is a possible option for the miniaturization of sensors for gas analysis. This paper considers the principles of creating polycomposite coatings on the electrodes of piezoelectric quartz resonators, including the choice of sorbents for the formation of sensitive layers, determining the mass and geometry of the formation of sensitive layers in a polycomposite coating, as well as an algorithm for processing the output data of sensors to obtain maximum information about the qualitative and quantitative composition of the gas phase.

Regularities of Cs distribution in the soil and vegetation cover of elementary landscape-geochemistry system within the forest test plot in the Chernobyl NPP exclusion zone.

The main goal of the investigation was to reveal the lateral and vertical regularities of element distribution in the elementary landscape-geochemical system (ELGS) type: summit-slope-closing depression. We used an isotope Cs as a tracer of migration of chemical elements in soil and vegetation cover. The study was performed in a test site characterizing undisturbed forest landscapes in the Russian zone of the Chernobyl accident.

Optically Transparent Polydimethylsiloxane-Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Multiblock Copolymers Crosslinked with Isocyanurates as Organic Compound Sorbents.

New crosslinked (polydimethylsiloxane-ethylene-propylene oxide)-polyisocyanurate multiblock copolymers (MBCs) were synthesized, and their supramolecular structure and sorption characteristics were studied. It was found that the interaction of PPEG and D leads to polyaddition of D initiated by potassium-alcoholate groups. The use of the amphiphilic silica derivatives associated in an oligomeric medium (ASiPs) leads to structuring of the MBC due to the transetherification reaction of the terminal silanol groups of the MBC with ASiPs.

Versatile analytical methodology for evaluation of drug-like properties of potentially multi-targeting anticancer metallodrugs.

Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (in combination with ultrafiltration) and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography, the drug properties of two new, potentially multi-targeting Ru(III) and Pt(IV) compounds, containing biologically active ligands, were evaluated. The ruthenium complex with bexarotene was shown to bind to albumin faster than to transferrin and exhibits much the same (to albumin) binding profile in human serum. The Pt(IV)-lonidamine complex interacts with albumin relatively slowly but possesses high stability and lipophilicity (log P 1.

Magnetic nanoribbons with embedded cobalt grown inside single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Molecular magnetism and specifically magnetic molecules have recently gained plenty of attention as key elements for quantum technologies, information processing, and spintronics. Transition to the nanoscale and implementation of ordered structures with defined parameters is crucial for advanced applications. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) provide natural one-dimensional confinement that can be implemented for encapsulation, nanosynthesis, and polymerization of molecules into nanoribbons.

Data on bulk rock compositions, geochemical and textural contrasts between central and marginal parts of dykes, and MELTS modeling of lamprophyre dykes in the Kola Alkaline Carbonatite Province (N Europe).

This publication is a series of datasets that accompany a manuscript on petrology of lamprophyre dykes in the Kola Alkaline Carbonatite Province (N Europe) [1]. The datasets served as the basis for interpretation of melt crystallization for lamprophyric and carbonatitic dykes in the crust, to supplement many papers devoted to mantle sources and melting parameters of these rocks based on radiogenic isotopes and trace elements. The first dataset contains bulk major and trace element compositions of the dykes in three areas, Kandalaksha, Kandaguba and Turiy Mys, along with supplementary information on sampling locations and dyke characteristics.

Influence of the Pd : Bi ratio on Pd-Bi/AlO catalysts: structure, surface and activity in glucose oxidation.

Pd-Bi nanoparticles show high efficiency in catalyzing gluconic acid production by the glucose oxidation reaction. Although this type of catalyst was studied for some time, the correlation between bismuth content and catalytic activity is still unclear. Moreover, there is little information on the principles of the formation of Pd-Bi nanoparticles.

Speciation of organosulfur compounds in carbonaceous chondrites.

Despite broad application of different analytical techniques for studies on organic matter of chondrite meteorites, information about composition and structure of individual compounds is still very limited due to extreme molecular diversity of extraterrestrial organic matter. Here we present the first application of isotopic exchange assisted Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) for analysis of alkali extractable fraction of insoluble organic matter (IOM) of the Murchison and Allende meteorites. This allowed us to determine the individual S-containing ions with different types of sulfur atoms in IOM.

CAR T cells in solid tumors: challenges and opportunities.

Background: CARs are simulated receptors containing an extracellular single-chain variable fragment (scFv), a transmembrane domain, as well as an intracellular region of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in association with a co-stimulatory signal.

Main Body: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are genetically engineered T cells to express a receptor for the recognition of the particular surface marker that has given rise to advances in the treatment of blood disorders. The CAR T cells obtain supra-physiological properties and conduct as "living drugs" presenting both immediate and steady effects after expression in T cells surface.

Nitrogen transformation and pathways in the shallow groundwater-soil system within agricultural landscapes.

The present study considers the behavior of nitrogen compounds in the shallow groundwater-soil system as necessary for the functioning of the nitrogen cycle within agricultural landscapes and one of the first steps of the formation of groundwater chemical composition. Data were collected in 2011-2018 within the Poyang Lake area (Jiangxi Province, China), where agricultural landscapes prevail. The soil and groundwater samples were taken in different periods of an agricultural season at the beginning of the agricultural season (spring) and after harvesting (autumn).

Microbial Community and Bioremediation of Groundwater by Nitrate Removal in the Zone of a Radioactive Waste Surface Repository.

The goal of the present work was to investigate the physicochemical and radiochemical conditions and the composition of the microbial community in the groundwater of a suspended surface repository for radioactive waste (Russia) and to determine the possibility of groundwater bioremediation by removal of nitrate ions. Groundwater in the repository area (10-m depth) had elevated concentrations of strontium, tritium, nitrate, sulfate, and bicarbonate ions. High-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4/V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene revealed the presence of members of the phyla (genera , and uncultured ), (genera and ), and ( Planktophila, ).

Draft Genome Sequence of a Dissimilatory U(VI)-Reducing Bacterium, Shewanella xiamenensis Strain DCB2-1, Isolated from Nitrate- and Radionuclide-Contaminated Groundwater in Russia.

Here, we describe the draft genome sequence of strain DCB2-1, isolated from nitrate- and radionuclide-contaminated groundwater. This strain is able to reduce nitrate, Tc(VII), Cr(VI), Fe(III), and U(VI), and its genome sequence contains several gene sets encoding denitrification, resistance to heavy metals, and reduction of metals and metalloids.

Synthesis of inverse ringwoodite sheds light on the subduction history of Tibetan ophiolites.

Tibetan ophiolites are shallow mantle material and crustal slabs that were subducted as deep as the mantle transition zone, a conclusion supported by the discovery of high-pressure phases like inverse ringwoodite in these sequences. Ringwoodite, MgSiO, exhibits the normal spinel structure, with Mg in the octahedral A site and Si in the tetrahedral B site. Through A and B site-disorder, the inverse spinel has four-coordinated A cations and the six-coordinated site hosts a mixture of A and B cations.