The neurosurgeon's familiarity with the vein of Rolando.

The vein of Rolando, also known as the central sulcal vein, is a critical superficial cerebral vein located in the central sulcus, playing a pivotal role in the venous drainage of the motor and sensory cortices. Named after the Italian anatomist Luigi Rolando, this vein serves as a crucial anatomical landmark in neurosurgery, guiding surgeons to approach critical brain structures with minimal damage. This article explores the anatomy and clinical significance of the vein of Rolando, emphasizing its role in neurosurgery and neuroimaging.

State of art of robotic prostatectomy: the way we do it in Catalonia, Spain.

Introduction And Objective: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (PLAR) seems to improve functional outcomes, however there is not a consensus of a standard procedure. The aim of this study was to identify the PLAR "state of art" in Catalonia, Spain.

Material And Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted among urologists across Catalonia, Spain.

The intricate physiology of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an overview for clinicians.

During veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO), blood is drained from the central venous circulation to be oxygenated and decarbonated by an artificial lung. It is then reinfused into the right heart and pulmonary circulation where further gas-exchange occurs. Each of these steps is characterized by a peculiar physiology that this manuscript analyses, with the aim of providing bedside tools for clinical care: we begin by describing the factors that affect the efficiency of blood drainage, such as patient and cannulae position, fluid status, cardiac output and ventilatory strategies.

The jugular-subclavian junction and venous drainage of the brain.

Lung cancers and mediastinal masses can invade the veins in the upper mediastinum and neck. It can be challenging to determine management options and the feasibility of resection particularly when tumors involve the major venous junctions. Furthermore, impaired flow in these veins can have devastating complications such as Paget-Schroetter syndrome, which describes a constellation of symptoms (arm swelling, cyanosis, pain) due to stenosis of the subclavian vein.

New sights in ectopic varices in portal hypertension.

Ectopic varices and associated bleeding, although rare, pose a significant risk to patients with portal hypertension, carrying a relatively high mortality rate. These varices can occur in various anatomical regions, excluding the gastroesophageal region, which is typically associated with portal vein drainage. The limited data available in the literature, derived mostly from case reports and series, make the diagnosis and treatment of ectopic variceal bleeding particularly challenging.

Evaluating the efficacy of stent retriever and catheter aspiration combination in refractory cerebral venous sinus Thrombosis: A comprehensive Meta-Analysis.

Background: Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, often associated with specific risk factors. The primary treatment for CVST is anticoagulation, but some cases progress to Refractory CVST (rCVST), requiring endovascular treatment. A combination of stent retriever and catheter aspiration is emerging as a promising technique to enhance treatment effectiveness.

Post pancreatic surgery complications; surgeon vs interventional interventional radiologists.

Even at high-volume centres, pancreatic resections are linked with a high rate of complications, as well as significant morbidity and mortality. In the management of these occurrences, a multidisciplinary approach is required, and interventional radiology plays an important role in the treatment of patients who develop post-surgical problems. The current review was planned to provide an overview of interventional radiological techniques that can be used to treat various types of problems following pancreatic resection.

Topography and Composition of the Iliolumbar Veins in a South African Cohort: Implications for Spinal Surgery.

Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study of the anatomical variations, morphometry, and histology of the iliolumbar veins (ILVs).

Purpose: This study aimed to describe the anatomical variations of the ILVs and determine their tissue composition in South African cadavers of European descent.

Overview Of Literature: A safe anterior surgical approach to the L4/L5 intervertebral disc space requires understanding the anatomy of the ILVs.

Varicoceles: Overview of Treatment from a Radiologic and Surgical Perspective.

A testicular varicocele is the result of the expansion of the venous pampiniform plexus of the scrotum. Often painless, a significant number of patients experience orchialgia, swelling, testicular atrophy, and abnormalities in spermatic parameters. Treatment of symptomatic varicocele involves a radiologic or surgical intervention to obstruct the reflux of venous drainage.

Lymphatic/blood vessel plasticity: motivation for a future research area based on present and past observations.

The lymphatic system plays a significant role in homeostasis and drainage of excess fluid back into venous circulation. Lymphatics are also associated with a number of diseases including lymphedema, tumor metastasis, and various lymphatic malformations. Emerging evidence suggests that lymphatics might have a bigger connection to the blood vascular system than originally presumed.

Transcatheter interventions in patients with a Fontan circulation: Current practice and future developments.

The Fontan operation represents the last of multiple steps that are offered a wide range of congenital cardiac lesions with a single ventricle (SV) physiology. Nowadays this surgical program consists of a total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), by anastomosing systemic veins to the pulmonary arteries (PAs), excluding the right-sided circulation from the heart. As a result of imaging, surgical, percutaneous, and critical care improvements, survival in this population has steadily increased.

Imaging of superior ophthalmic vein: A pictorial overview.

The Superior Ophthalmic Vein (SOV) is the largest vein of the orbit and represents an important orbital venous drainage pathway. SOV is well identifiable on CT and MRI, and its alterations may be a clue for differential diagnosis. In this pictorial work we illustrate the most frequent conditions in which SOV appearance may be influenced by various pathologies, providing a pictorial guide for imaging interpretation.

Mediators of Regional Kidney Perfusion during Surgical Pneumo-Peritoneum Creation and the Risk of Acute Kidney Injury-A Review of Basic Physiology.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), especially if recurring, represents a risk factor for future chronic kidney disease. In intensive care units, increased intra-abdominal pressure is well-recognized as a significant contributor to AKI. However, the importance of transiently increased intra-abdominal pressures procedures is less commonly appreciated during laparoscopic surgery, the use of which has rapidly increased over the last few decades.

Meningeal Metastasis Causing Chronic Subdural Hematoma in a Cancer Patient with Bilateral Papilledema and Suspected Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Case Report.

Meningeal metastasis has been reported as a very rare cause of chronic subdural hematoma (CSH). Here, we report a female patient who had undergone initial burr hole drainage of a CSH at an outside hospital. Postoperatively, the patient additionally suffered from visual impairment due to bilateral papilledema and the patient was eventually transferred to our neurosurgical department for additional treatment.

A Rational Approach to the Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations.

Objective: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) typify the delicate balance cerebrovascular specialists face in weighing the treatment risk against the natural history of a pathologic lesion. The goal of our review was to provide an overview of the current evidence for the treatment of cerebral AVMs and describe a contemporary approach to developing a treatment strategy according to individual AVM characteristics.

Methods: A review of the contemporary literature on the natural history and treatment of cerebral AVMs was completed through the PubMed and Google Scholar databases.

Posterior Fossa Venous Drainage.

This paper aims to make simple the evaluation of the main veins related to the brainstem and cerebellum. Posterior fossa venous drainage is best understood in context with its three main collectors: superior: toward the Vein of Galen; posterior: toward the torcular complex; and anterior: toward the superior petrosal sinus. A fourth possible drainage path, often harder to distinguish, is directed toward the inferior petrosal sinus.

Deadly complication of sacrificing superior petrosal vein during cerebellopontine angle tumor resection: A case report and literature review.

Background: Tumors of the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are challenging to resect and have been proven difficult for neurosurgeons to manage optimally. Superior petrosal vein complex (SPVC) as the main drainage system and close proximity to CPA could be an obstacle during operation. There is an incidence ranging from 55% to 84% of injury to one part of the SPVC during CPA tumor surgery.

Vascular endothelial cell specification in health and disease.

There are two vascular networks in mammals that coordinately function as the main supply and drainage systems of the body. The blood vasculature carries oxygen, nutrients, circulating cells, and soluble factors to and from every tissue. The lymphatic vasculature maintains interstitial fluid homeostasis, transports hematopoietic cells for immune surveillance, and absorbs fat from the gastrointestinal tract.

Cerebral Vessels: An Overview of Anatomy, Physiology, and Role in the Drainage of Fluids and Solutes.

The cerebral vasculature is made up of highly specialized structures that assure constant brain perfusion necessary to meet the very high demand for oxygen and glucose by neurons and glial cells. A dense, redundant network of arteries is spread over the entire pial surface from which penetrating arteries dive into the cortex to reach the neurovascular units. Besides providing blood to the brain parenchyma, cerebral arteries are key in the drainage of interstitial fluid (ISF) and solutes such as amyloid-beta.

Systematic review of brain arteriovenous malformation grading systems evaluating microsurgical treatment recommendation.

When evaluating brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) for microsurgical resection, the natural history of bAVM rupture must be balanced against the perioperative risks. It is therefore adamant to have a reliable surgical grading system, balancing these important factors. This study systematically reviews the literature in order to identify and assess the quality of grading systems with regard to microsurgical bAVM treatment.

Compression therapy for leg oedema in patients with heart failure.

The presence of chronic heart failure (CHF) results in a significant risk of leg oedema. Medical compression (MC) treatment is one of the basic methods of leg oedema elimination in patients with chronic venous disease and lymphedema, but it is not routinely considered in subjects with CHF-related swelling. In the study, an overview of the current knowledge related to the benefits and risk of using MC in the supportive treatment of leg oedema in CHF patients is presented.