The Psychology of Framing: How Everyday Language Shapes the Way We Think, Feel, and Act.

When we use language to communicate, we must choose what to say, what not to say, and how to say it. That is, we must decide how to the message. These linguistic choices matter: Framing a discussion one way or another can influence how people think, feel, and act in many important domains, including politics, health, business, journalism, law, and even conversations with loved ones.

Adopted and donor-conceived children hold reduced genetic-essentialist beliefs relative to traditionally-conceived children.

For three decades, researchers have assessed children's genetic essentialism through an "Adoption Task," probing their beliefs about whether adopted babies grow up to resemble their birthparents or adoptive parents. The present study investigates these beliefs among children who were themselves adopted or donor-conceived (i.e.

Understanding density fluctuations in supersonic, isothermal turbulence.

Supersonic turbulence occurs in many environments, particularly in astrophysics. In the crucial case of isothermal turbulence, the probability density function (PDF) of the logarithmic density, , is well measured, but a theoretical understanding of the processes leading to this distribution remains elusive. We investigate these processes using Lagrangian tracer particles to track and [Formula: see text] in direct numerical simulations, and we show that their evolution can be modeled as a stochastic differential process with time-correlated noise.

Sex-Specific Effects of Anxiety on Cognition and Activity-Dependent Neural Networks: Insights From (Female) Mice and (Wo)men.

Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, are observed in 90% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), two-thirds of whom are women. Neuropsychiatric symptoms usually manifest long before AD onset creating a therapeutic opportunity. Here, we examined the impact of anxiety on AD progression and the underlying brainwide neuronal mechanisms.

Synthesis, characterization and comparative biological activity of a novel set of Cu(II) complexes containing azole-based ligand frames.

The synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of three complexes containing a substituted 2-(2-pyridyl)benzothiazole (PyBTh) group in the ligand frame are reported along with the comparative biological activity. The ligands have been substituted at the 6-position with either a methoxy (Py(OMe)BTh) or a methyl group (Py(Me)BTh). Reaction of Py(OMe)BTh with either CuCl or Cu(NO)·2.

Ternary TiO/MoS/ZnO hetero-nanostructure based multifunctional sensing devices.

Novel sensing applications benefit from multifunctional nanomaterials responsive to various external stimuli such as mechanics, electricity, light, humidity, or pollution. While few such materials occur naturally, the careful design of synergized nanomaterials unifies the cross-coupled properties which are weak or absent in single-phase materials. In this study, 2D MoS integrated with ultrathin dielectric oxide layers forms hetero-nanostructures with significant impacts on carrier transport.

Modeling Hemodynamics in Three-Dimensional, Biomimetic, Branched, Microfluidic, Vascular Networks.

Objective: Neovascularization has been extensively studied because of its significant role in both physiological processes and diseases. The significance of vascular microfluidic platforms lies in its essential role in recreating an in vitro environment capable of supporting cellular and tissue systems through the process of neovascularization. Biomechanical properties in a tissue engineered system use fluid flow and transport properties to recapitulate physiological systems.

Embodied Computational Evolution: A Model for Investigating Randomness and the Evolution of Morphological Complexity.

For an integrated understanding of how evolutionary dynamics operate in parallel on multiple levels, computational models can enable investigations that would be otherwise infeasible or impossible. We present one modeling framework, (), and employ it to investigate how two types of randomness-genetic and developmental-drive the evolution of morphological complexity. With these two types of randomness implemented as germline mutation and transcription error, with rates varied in an [Formula: see text] factorial experimental design, we tested two related hypotheses: ( ) Randomness in the gene transcription process alters the direct impact of selection on populations; and ( ) Selection on locomotor performance targets morphological complexity.

Antioxidant Scavenging of the Superoxide Radical by Yerba Mate ( and Black Tea Plus Caffeic and Chlorogenic Acids, as Shown via DFT and Hydrodynamic Voltammetry.

We describe the antioxidant capability of scavenging the superoxide radical of several tea and yerba mate samples using rotating ring-disk electrochemistry (RRDE). We directly measured superoxide concentrations and detected their decrease upon the addition of an antioxidant to the electrochemical cell. We studied two varieties of yerba mate, two varieties of black tea from Bangladesh, a sample of Pu-erh tea from China, and two components, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid.

Uranium in Drinking Water and Bladder Cancer: A Case-control Study in Michigan.

Uranium is naturally occurring in groundwater used for drinking; however, health risks from naturally occurring concentrations are uncertain. Uranium can cause both radiological and chemical toxicity following ingestion. Bladder and kidneys receive a dose when uranium is excreted into the urine.

Molecular Interactions and Mechanisms of COVID-19 Inhibition 2.0.

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Slaying the Serpent: A Research Agenda to Expand Intervention Development and Accelerate Guinea Worm Eradication Efforts.

Dracunculiasis, also known as Guinea worm disease, is targeted to become the second human disease and first parasitic infection to be eradicated. The global Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP), through community-based interventions, reduced the burden of disease from an estimated 3.5 million cases per year in 1986 to only 13 human cases in 2022.

Using games to understand the mind.

Board, card or video games have been played by virtually every individual in the world. Games are popular because they are intuitive and fun. These distinctive qualities of games also make them ideal for studying the mind.

Quality of hospital labour and delivery care: A multilevel analysis in Southern Nations and Nationalities People's Region of Ethiopia.

Background: Ethiopia has one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in Africa. Few have examined the quality of labour and delivery (L&D) care in the country. This study evaluated the quality of routine L&D care and identified patient-level and hospital-level factors associated with the quality of care in a subset of government hospitals.

Special Prey, Special Glue: NMR Spectroscopy on Aggregate Glue Components of Moth-Specialist Spiders, Cyrtarachninae.

Orb-weaver spiders produce upwards of seven different types of silk, each with unique material properties. We focus on the adhesive within orb-weaving spider webs, aggregate glue silk. These droplets are composed of three main components: water, glycoproteins, and a wide range of low molecular mass compounds (LMMCs).

The active time model of concurrent choice.

The following paper describes a steady-state model of concurrent choice, termed the active time model (ATM). ATM is derived from maximization principles and is characterized by a semi-Markov process. The model proposes that the controlling stimulus in concurrent variable-interval (VI) VI schedules of reinforcement is the time interval since the most recent response, termed here "the active interresponse time" or simply "active time.

Priority effects alter microbiome composition and increase abundance of probiotic taxa in treefrog tadpoles.

Unlabelled: Host-associated microbial communities, like other ecological communities, may be impacted by the colonization order of taxa through priority effects. Developing embryos and their associated microbiomes are subject to stochasticity during colonization by bacteria. For amphibian embryos, often developing externally in bacteria-rich environments, this stochasticity may be particularly impactful.

Association of Aortic Stiffness and Pressure Pulsatility With Noninvasive Estimates of Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis: The Framingham Heart Study.

Background: Arterial stiffening may contribute to the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. We aimed to assess relations of vascular hemodynamic measures with measures of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in the community.

Methods: Our sample was drawn from the Framingham Offspring, New Offspring Spouse, Third Generation, Omni-1, and Omni-2 cohorts (N=3875; mean age, 56 years; 54% women).

A dynamic compositional equilibrium governs mRNA recognition by eIF3.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 3 is a multi-subunit protein complex that binds both ribosomes and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to drive a diverse set of mechanistic steps during translation of an mRNA into the protein it encodes. And yet, a unifying framework explaining how eIF3 performs these numerous activities is lacking. Using single-molecule light scattering microscopy, we demonstrate that eIF3 is in dynamic exchange between the full complex, subcomplexes, and subunits.