Qualitative and quantitative relationships between comorbid seizures and dementia among hospitalized stroke patients.

This study examines the relationship between comorbid seizures and dementia among stroke patients using the 2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest publicly available inpatient healthcare database in the United States. We analyzed data from 128,341 stroke patients, including those with ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, to determine the prevalence of seizures and dementia, and the association between these conditions. Our findings reveal that 7.

WDR49-Positive Astrocytes Mark Severity of Neurodegeneration in Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration and Alzheimer's Disease.

A subpopulation of astrocytes expressing WD Repeat Domain 49 (WDR49) was recently identified in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) with GRN pathogenic variants. This is the first study to investigate their expression and relation to pathology in other FTLD subtypes and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a postmortem cohort of TDP-43 proteinopathies (12 GRN, 11 C9orf72, 9 sporadic TDP-43), tauopathies (13 MAPT, 8 sporadic tau), 10 AD, and four controls, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed for WDR49 and pathological inclusions on frontal, temporal, and occipital cortical sections.

Biological brain age and resilience in cognitively unimpaired 70-year-old individuals.

Introduction: This study investigated the associations of brain age gap (BAG)-a biological marker of brain resilience-with life exposures, neuroimaging measures, biological processes, and cognitive function.

Methods: We derived BAG by subtracting predicted brain age from chronological age in 739 septuagenarians without dementia or neurological disorders. Robust linear regression models assessed BAG associations with life exposures, plasma inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers, magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of neurodegeneration and vascular brain injury, and cognitive performance.

Association between herpes zoster and Parkinson's disease and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This meta-analysis investigated the relationship between herpes zoster and the risk of dementia or Parkinson's disease by analyzing published clinical studies.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection databases on April 25, 2024. Hazard ratios (HR) were used for statistical analyses.

A Novel Neuroprotective Derived Peptide of Erythropoietin Improved Cognitive Function in Vascular Dementia Mice.

The effective therapeutics for vascular dementia are still lacking. Here, we designed a novel derived peptide of erythropoietin-DEPO and evaluated its safety, erythropoiesis effect, and neuroprotective effects in mice of vascular dementia. For evaluating the safety and erythropoiesis, DEPO was injected into naive C57BL6 mice (n = 5) for 4-8 weeks, and venous blood was collected at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after DEPO treatment.

Response to Schmidt et al.: Lower activity of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and the risk of dementia: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

A recent paper concluded that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibition may be a viable target to treat dementia, based on human genetic evidence of a protective effect of target inhibition on risk of Lewy body and Parkinson's dementia. Alzheimer's disease, which is by far the most prevalent cause of dementia (around 80% of all dementia cases) was not included as an outcome. Evidence shows CETP inhibition is unlikely to affect Alzheimer's risk and may even potentially modestly increase risk.

Remote ischaemic conditioning for neurological disorders-a systematic review and narrative synthesis.

Introduction: Remote ischaemic conditioning (RIC) refers to the use of controlled transient ischemic and reperfusion cycles, commonly of the upper or lower limb, to mitigate cellular damage from ischaemic injury. Preclinical studies demonstrate that RIC may have a neuroprotective effect and therefore could represent a novel therapeutic option in the management of neurological disorders. The aim of this review is to comprehensively describe the current clinical evidence of RIC in neurological disorders.

Corrigendum: Mechanisms of mitophagy and oxidative stress in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer's disease.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.

Foods, dietary patterns, and risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review.

Background: Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia globally and is associated with a significant economic and social burden. Diet could represent an important tractable risk factor for VaD. We synthesised current evidence on associations between consumption of specific foods or dietary patterns and VaD risk.

Fast-spiking parvalbumin-positive interneurons: new perspectives of treatment and future challenges in dementia.

Central nervous system parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PV-INs) are crucial and highly vulnerable to various stressors. They also play a significant role in the pathological processes of many neuropsychiatric diseases, especially those associated with cognitive impairment, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), Lewy body dementia, and schizophrenia. Although accumulating evidence suggests that the loss of PV-INs is associated with memory impairment in dementia, the precise molecular mechanisms remain elusive.

White matter free water mediates the associations between placental growth factor, white matter hyperintensities, and cognitive status.

Introduction: Placental growth factor (PlGF) may regulate cerebrovascular permeability. We hypothesized that white matter interstitial fluid accumulation, estimated via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) free water (FW), would explain the associations between elevated PlGF, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and cognitive impairment.

Methods: MarkVCID consortium participants ≥55 years old with plasma PlGF and brain MRI were included.

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and future risk of dementia among individuals managed in UK general practice.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has been recognised as a potential risk factor for cognitive decline, yet its precise relationship with dementia remains uncertain. This study aimed to determine the risk of dementia among individuals with and without OSAS.

Methods: Data derived from 2.

Determining Clinical Disease Progression in Symptomatic Patients With CADASIL.

Background And Objectives: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most frequent small artery brain disease caused by pathogenic variants of the NOTCH3 gene. During the disease, we still do not know how the various deficits progress and develop with each other at different stages of the disease. We aim to model disease progression and identify possible progressive subgroups and the effects of different covariates on clinical worsening.

Risk of long-term post-stroke dementia using a linked dataset of patients with ischemic stroke without a history of dementia.

Background: Post-stroke dementia (PSD) is a common and disabling sequela of stroke. However, the long-term incidence of PSD after an ischemic stroke and factors which predict its occurrence are incompletely understood. Linkage of large health datasets is being increasing used to study long term outcomes after disease.

Neuroinflammation-targeted magnetic resonance imaging nanoprobes for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) that is an important contributor to dementia, is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disease, with high rates of disability and mortality. Recently, more and more therapeutic methods have been developed to delay the progression of AD, but it remains a great challenge to achieve the early diagnosis of AD. In this work, we developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) nanoprobe (NP@angiopep-2/CD137) based on angiopep-2 peptide and CD137 antibody with a NaGdF nanoparticle as the core and realized neuroinflammation-targeted imaging on APP/PS1 model mice using a clinical 7.

Comparison of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and time in target range in predicting risk for cognitive outcomes in the SPRINT trial.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) and time in target range (TTR) are emerging vascular risk factors for dementia, independent of traditionally targeted mean BP.

Objective: Determine whether BPV or TTR is most strongly associated with cognitive risk.

Methods: In this post hoc analysis of the SPRINT trial, 8034 participants underwent repeated BP measurement and cognitive testing at baseline and follow-up.

Effects of cilostazol on cognitive function and dementia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cilostazol is an antiplatelet drug and is used for stroke prevention and symptomatic peripheral vascular disease. Studies have reported the effects of cilostazol on cognitive function, but the results are inconsistent and have not been systematically assessed.

Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for relevant clinical studies.

Associations Between Retinal Vascular Occlusions and Dementia.

Background/objectives: Retinal vascular occlusions, such as retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and retinal artery occlusion (RAO), are associated with cognitive impairment, including dementia. Our objective was to examine the odds of dementia among patients with retinal vascular occlusion.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 474 patients with retinal vascular occlusion and 948 patients without retinal vascular occlusion (comparison group).

Mitigation of Atherosclerotic Vascular Damage and Cognitive Improvement Through Mesenchymal Stem Cells in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by progressive memory loss and other cognitive disturbances. Patients with AD can be vulnerable to vascular damage, and damaged vessels can lead to cognitive impairment. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment has shown potential in ameliorating AD pathogenesis, but its effect on vascular function remains unclear.

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Imaging Dementia.

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population (aged 65 years and over), followed by vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and rare types of neurodegenerative diseases, including frontotemporal dementia. There is an unmet need to improve diagnosis and prognosis for patients with dementia, as cycles of misdiagnosis and diagnostic delays are challenging scenarios in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroimaging is routinely used in clinical practice to support the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment-The Molecular Basis and Potential Influence of the Gut Microbiota on the Pathological Process.

Cognitive impairment is a major healthcare challenge worldwide, with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) being its second leading cause after Alzheimer's disease. VCI is a heterogeneous group of cognitive disorders resulting from various vascular pathologies. Therefore, it is particularly difficult to determine its underlying cause and exact molecular basis.

Inter-organ communication: pathways and targets to cardioprotection and neuro-protection. A report from the 12th Hatter Cardiovascular Institute workshop.

A long-standing aim in the setting of various pathologies including acute myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and ischaemic stroke, has been to identify successful approaches to augment cellular and organ protection. Although the continual evolution and refinement of ideas over the past few decades has allowed the field to progress, we are yet to realise successful clinical translation of this concept. The 12th Hatter Cardiovascular Workshop identified a number of important points and key questions for future research relating to cardio- and neuro-protection and interorgan communication.

Atrial Fibrillation: A Review.

Importance: In the US, approximately 10.55 million adults have atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is associated with significantly increased risk of stroke, heart failure, myocardial infarction, dementia, chronic kidney disease, and mortality.

Identification and diagnosis of ultra-rapid progressive dementia: evidence from a prospective cohort study and systematic literature review.

Background And Objectives: The term rapid progressive dementia (RPD) may be applied to patients who develop dementia within 1 year or complete incapacitation within 2 years of the first symptom of impairment. However, in select cases, cognitive impairment may emerge abruptly, with symptoms evolving across hours or days. We sought to determine the frequency, etiologies, and factors that associated with ultra-RPD.

Efficacy and dispensing patterns of TCM-acupuncture combinations in vascular dementia treatment: a meta-analysis and data mining analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the combination of acupuncture and medicine for vascular dementia (VD) treatment, and to analyze and summarize the relevant association rules.

Methods: A systematic search of Chinese and English databases such as CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science was performed along with a manual search to screen for randomized controlled trials that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria that were published over a period from January 1, 2000, to July 31, 2023. Literature quality assessment and meta-analysis were performed using the and RevMan 5.