Preserving one artery shortens the surgical time and does not affect the efficacy of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy: preliminary findings from a retrospective study.

Background: To analyze the safety and efficacy of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy(MSV) performed with and without preservation of all testicular arteries and lymphatic system.

Methods: All of the 98 patients with varicocele who underwent MSV were included in the analysis. Fifty-eight male patients surgically underwent MSV with preservation of all testicular arteries and lymphatic system(Group 1).

The effects of microsurgical varicocelectomy performed for infertility on premature ejaculation.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of varicocelectomy on premature ejaculation (PE) in patients with varicocele and infertility.

Methods: A total of 82 sexually active patients aged 18 years or over who had undergone microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy with a clinical diagnosis of varicocele in 14 urology clinics between October 2021 and March 2023 with primary infertility were evaluated prospectively Patients were evaluated using the Turkish validated form of the 'Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool' (PEDT) scale. A PEDT score of 11 or above was taken to indicate the presence of PE.

Exploring the interplay between inflammation and male fertility.

Male fertility results from a complex interplay of physiological, environmental, and genetic factors. It is conditioned by the properly developed anatomy of the reproductive system, hormonal regulation balance, and the interplay between different cell populations that sustain an appropriate and functional environment in the testes. Unfortunately, the mechanisms sustaining male fertility are not flawless and their perturbation can lead to infertility.

Involvement of autophagy in germ cells in an experimental model of varicocele in rats before and after varicocelectomy.

Introduction: Autophagy, a catabolic process enabling cellular organelles and proteins' reuse for energy, has been observed in varicocele models, but the effect of surgical treatment on this process remains unknown. This study aims to assess autophagy in varicocele models undergoing surgical correction.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-one adolescent male rats were induced with varicocele and divided into three groups: sham, varicocele, and varicocele with varicocelectomy.

Assessing the outcomes of subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy: pulling technique compared to the conventional method.

Introduction: The positive effect of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters (sperm morphology, concentration, motility) and fertility and pregnancy rates has been proven. Although various techniques have been defined for varicocele treatment, varicocelectomy with the pulling technique was first defined in 2017. The aim of this retrospective study is to compare the effectiveness and reliability of subinguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy with the "pulling" technique and conventional subinguinal varicocelectomy.

Proteomics and Metabolomics in Varicocele-Associated Male Infertility: Advancing Precision Diagnostics and Therapy.

Varicoceles are a common contributor to male infertility, significantly impacting male-factor infertility cases. Traditional diagnostic methods often lack the sensitivity to detect the molecular and cellular disruptions caused by varicoceles, limiting the development of effective, personalized treatments. This narrative review aims to explore the advancements in proteomics and metabolomics as innovative, non-invasive diagnostic tools for varicocele-associated male infertility and their potential in guiding personalized therapeutic strategies.

Impact of varicocele embolization on DNA fragmentation index (DFI) in male infertility.

The DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) is a newer and potentially more reliable marker for male infertility, with higher values indicating poorer sperm genetic quality. This study assesses the effect of varicocele embolization on DFI in infertile men. Conducted at a single center from January 2016 to September 2021, this retrospective study involved 22 patients with a mean age of 35.

The epigenetic approach of varicocele: a focus on sperm DNA and m6A-RNA methylation.

Background: Varicocele is an abnormal dilation and torsion of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum due to venous reflux, primarily affecting the left side. It affects 15% of men and is a prevalent contributor to male infertility. Varicocele is a complex disorder influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors.

May-Thurner Syndrome Causing Unilateral Varicocele Treated With Endovascular Embolization.

May-Thurner syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the right common iliac artery overlies and compresses the left common iliac vein against the lumbar spine with or without iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The majority of cases are female and have been associated with the development of vulvar varicosities, particularly during pregnancy. Interestingly and very rarely, this condition has also been identified as a potential cause of varicoceles in males.

Combined Supine and Standing Imaging for Varicocele: An Improved Diagnostic Approach.

Varicocele, one of the main diseases affecting male reproductive health, relies heavily on angiographic diagnostic techniques for disease-related examination and assessment. Traditional varicocele angiography often employs a supine position to facilitate the relaxation of the groin area muscles, the insertion of the angiography catheter, and imaging. However, the supine position may cause blood reflux, thus underestimating the clinical incidence of varicocele, particularly resulting in missed diagnoses of right-sided or bilateral varicoceles.

Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Mediate Testicular Injury in a Rat Model of Varicocele.

Evidence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) have been increasingly reported in varicocele (VCL)-affected testes. However, the mechanisms by which oxidative stress (OS) and ER stress contribute to male infertility in VCL remain unclear. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group, which underwent sham surgery, and a VCL group, in which VCL was surgically induced.

DNA breakpoints and free DNA fragments as potential predictors of infertility.

The study investigated the impact of varicocele on male infertility by analyzing sperm samples from 42 varicocele patients and 22 healthy individuals. Basic sperm parameters such as concentration and vitality were assessed, along with the DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) using the SCSA method. Additionally, the mean number of sperm DNA breaks (MDB) and free DNA fragments amount in seminal plasma (fDFA) were analyzed using the TDT-Strand Displacement Probe Technique.

A qualitative study of patient and family experiences in adolescents with varicoceles: A focus on fertility, self-esteem, and sexual function.

Background: A varicocele is an abnormal dilation of the pampiniform plexus of veins in the scrotum that commonly affects postpubertal males. The condition has been associated with male infertility, testicular hypotrophy, and pain. However, the clinical experiences of adolescent patients and their families regarding the evaluation, surveillance, and management of varicoceles have not been previously examined.

Percutaneous Anterograde Varicocele Embolisation: Technique and Clinical Outcomes.

Transcatheter retrograde testicular vein embolisation for symptomatic varicoceles is well-established but has a documented failure rate. Percutaneous anterograde varicocele embolisation may be a suitable alternative. A retrospective observational, descriptive study of consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous anterograde varicocele embolisation at a single centre was performed.

Urological Examination Compared to Ultrasonography in Testicular Lump Assessment: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background General practitioners (GPs) often expedite indeterminate scrotal lumps for urological evaluation. While a scrotal examination by a urologist is crucial, ultrasound (US) has become a routine component of clinical assessment regardless of the clinical examination findings and the nature of the symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of clinical examination compared to scrotal ultrasound, even when the suspicion of cancer was low.

[Recurrent varicocele: causes and treatment].

Introduction: Among the different options for varicocele surgery, microsurgical varicocelectomy demonstrates the best results, but a relapse is subsequently detected in 1-3% of cases. It was previously believed that the cause of recurrence lies in the presence of various sources of venous outflow from the testicle, but recent studies show that the collaterals of the gonadal vein are the main reason of recurrence.

Purpose Of The Study: to determine the leading cause of recurrence, to evaluate the effectiveness and optimal surgical tactics depending on the method of primary treatment.

[Deterioration of male reproductive function: methods and algorithms of etiopathogenetic and empirical treatment of the main clinical forms].

In half of the cases, a decrease in the quantity and/or quality of spermatozoa is the cause of infertility. The pathogenesis of such disorders is multifactorial, often unknown, and data on the treatment efficiency are still contradictory. Based on the recent high-level evidences (randomized studies and meta-analyses), the real clinical efficiency of various surgical and conservative treatment methods for the main clinical forms of male reproductive dysfunction, including hypo- and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, secretory and obstructive azoospermia, retrograde ejaculation and anejaculation, pathospermia associated with varicocele, and idiopathic forms, is analyzed.

[Efficiency of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in patients with increased level of sperm DNA fragmentation].

Aim: To evaluate the effect of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in patients with elevated SDF levels (more than 15%) and clinical varicocele.

Materials And Methods: A single-center, retrospective, observational, uncontrolled study was carried out. The results of a survey of 33 patients with clinical varicocele, infertility or recurrent miscarriage and sperm DNA fragmentation of more than 15% were analyzed.

[Varicocele correction in treatment of male subfertility: is it time to change paradigms?].

We have analyzed the recent literature regarding varicocelectomy in men from infertile couples. The specific pathogenesis of testicular dysfunction in some men with varicocele is still unclear. Recent European and American urological guidelines suggest treatment of varicocele in infertile men with "abnormal" sperm parameters.

[Seminal plasma proteomics in infertile men with varicocele].

Varicocele is one of the main causes of male infertility. Microsurgical varicocelectomy leads to improved sperm parameters and increased fertility, however, 80% of patients with varicocele are not infertile, and spontaneous pregnancy occurs only in 36.4-65% of cases after varicocelectomy.

Alterations Expression of Key RNA Methylation (m6A) Enzymes in Testicular Tissue of Rats with Induced Varicocele.

Epigenetics impacts male fertility and reproductive disorders. RNA modifications, like m6A, influence RNA metabolism. Varicocele contributes to male infertility, and oxidative stress affects sperm function.