Comparison of topical cyclosporine alone and topical loteprednol with cyclosporine in moderate dry eye in Indian population: A prospective study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of topical cyclosporine (Cs) 0.05% alone and topical Cs 0.05% with loteprednol 0.

Cluster of Differentiation 10 Positive Stromal Sarcoma of Breast: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Stromal sarcomas of the breast are a group of rare and heterogeneous tumors which mimic malignant phylloides tumor and metaplastic carcinoma histologically. These tumors have been reported in the literature mostly in form of small retrospective case series and case reports, making it difficult to characterize their exact histopathological spectrum and management strategy. Our patient was a 65-year-old female who presented with a 3-month history of a lump in the left breast.

Utility of bedside lung ultrasound for assessment of lung recruitment in a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Lung recruitment maneuvers are rescue measures commonly used to improve oxygenation in severely hypoxemic patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), who fail to improve on standard treatment. After recruitment, appropriate level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is applied to prevent alveolar de-recruitment during expiration. Computed tomography scan of thorax and quasi-static pressure-volume curves have played a pivotal role are important in the assessment of recruitment, but they have several limitations.

Comparison of percentage free PSA, MRI and GaPSMA PET scan for diagnosing cancer prostate in men with PSA between 4 and 20 ng/ml.

Introduction: We compared the diagnostic accuracy of percentage free prostate-specific antigen (PSA), multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (Ga-PSMA PET) to detect cancer prostate in men with PSA between 4 and 20 ng/ml in prebiopsy settings.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study evaluated men with PSA values between 4 and 20 ng/ml, and all patients underwent percentage free PSA estimation, mpMRI, and Ga-PSMA PET scan, followed by cognitive fusion/registration biopsy along with systematic 12-core biopsy to detect cancer prostate. The diagnostic accuracy of percentage free PSA, mpMRI, and Ga-PSMA PET scan was compared with results of cognitive fusion/registration biopsy.

Forceps-assisted, 10-0 monofilament nylon, suture-guided capsular tension ring insertion in subluxated cataracts.

Capsular tension ring (CTR) and iris hooks have proved to be useful devices in cataract surgery in cases of zonular weakness and dialysis. We would like to describe the use of monofilament 10-0 nylon (MFN)- guided CTR insertion in a subluxated cataractous lens. Here, the MFN is passed through the distal trailing eyelet of the CTR (simple or Morcher's depending on the size of the defect and subluxation) for controlled insertion of the distal eyelet of the CTR beneath the anterior capsulorhexis margin and safe retrieval of CTR in case of an iatrogenic posterior capsular tear during CTR insertion or phacoemulsification.

Bilateral breast metastasis from pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: A diagnostic challenge.

Metastatic neuroendocrine tumors to breast are very rare with less than 30 cases reported worldwide. The first case was reported in 1957 according to literature. Among these 13 cases reported as breast lump as initial presentation.

Evaluating exercise challenge to validate cardiac autonomic dysfunction in lean PCOS phenotype.

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is frequently associated with infertility, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is well documented in long-term patients of PCOS, with impairment being proportionate to disease duration. However, there is paucity of literature on cardiac autonomic tone in the "lean" phenotype of PCOS.

Effect of Single-Dose Dexmedetomidine on Intraoperative Hemodynamics and Postoperative Recovery during Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy.

Background: In children undergoing adenotonsillectomy, smooth recovery from anesthesia without any respiratory compromise and excessive sedation or pain is always desirable. In this placebo-controlled study, we examined the effect of single dose of dexmedetomidine on intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative recovery profile such as emergence agitation (EA), pain, and sedation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists I or II children in the age group of 5-10 years, undergoing adenotonsillectomy were randomly assigned to receive dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg (Group D) or volume-matched saline (placebo) (Group C), 10 min before induction of anesthesia.

Meta-analysis of efficacy of iron and iodine fortified salt in improving iron nutrition status.

Background: Salt fortification with iron is a potential strategy to increase population-level iron intake. The current evidence regarding double-fortified salt (DFS) in improving iron nutrition status is equivocal.

Objective: To study the efficacy of DFS as compared to iodine fortified salt (IS) in improving iron nutrition status.

Primary hydatidosis of distal femur masquerading malignancy -A rare case.

Hydatidosis is relatively uncommon entity and it rarely affects bone and joints. A rare case of primary hydatidosis (Echhinococcus granulosus infection) involving the distal femur and the knee joint in a 53 years old female is reported here. This presented as a pathological supracondylar fracture of femur.

Cross-sectional study of psychiatric morbidity in patients with melasma.

Context: Patients with dermatological problems have higher prevalence of psychiatric illnesses than the general population. Melasma, hyperpigmentation of skin over sun-exposed areas, has bidirectional cause-effect relationship with depression and stress through psycho-neuro-endocrine pathways.

Aims: The aim of this study is to study the psychiatric morbidity and perceived stress in patients with melasma and statistically compare objective study parameters with those without melasma.

A rare case of squamous cell carcinoma lung with multiple locoregional recurrences and histological transformation.

A 52-year-old female nonsmoker with localized squamous cell carcinoma (T3N1M0) of lung underwent lobectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy. Two years later, the patient had her first locoregional recurrence with adenosquamous cell carcinoma, and pneumonectomy with adjuvant chemotherapy rendered her disease free. Subsequent isolated locoregional recurrence with squamous cell carcinoma 18 months later was treated with chemoradiotherapy and had a complete response.

Stapedotomy using a 4 mm endoscope: any advantage over a microscope?

Objectives: To ascertain the feasibility of endoscopic (4 mm) stapedotomy, and compare intra- and post-operative variations with microscopic stapedotomies.

Methods: Forty otosclerosis patients were scheduled for microscopic or endoscopic stapedotomy. Intra-operative variables compared were: incision, canalplasty, canal wall curettage for ossicular assessment, chorda tympani manipulation, ability to perform stapes footplate perforation before its supra-structure removal, and operative time.

Diagnostic utility of endobronchial ultrasound features in differentiating malignant and benign lymph nodes.

Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) features have been shown to be useful in predicting etiology of enlarged malignant lymph nodes. However, there is dearth of evidence especially from developing countries. We assessed the EBUS characteristics across various mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies.

Horner's syndrome in cervico-dorsal tuberculosis: A rare case report.

Tuberculosis is a disease that affects any part of body and presents with varied complications. A case of cervico-dorsal tuberculosis is described here presenting with quadriparesis and Horner's syndrome. Horner's syndrome as a complication of cervico-dorsal tuberculosis has not been reported yet in literature.

Transforaminal epidural Etanercept for the treatment of prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc induced sciatica.

Study Design: Hospital based prospective study.

Objective: To study clinical response of transforaminal epidural Etanercept for lumbar prolapsed intervertebral disc induced sciatica.

Method: Patients presenting to O.

Management of post-traumatic neglected cervical facet dislocation.

Background: Post-traumatic unilateral or bilateral sub-axial cervical spine dislocations with locked facets are quite common. In developing countries like India, many patients with cervical injuries report late due to many reasons like rural backgrounds, lack of infrastructures and skilled surgeons, unawareness, poor socioeconomic status, lack of transportation to the specialized center with proper facility, etc. Early management is essential to maximize better neurological outcome.

Involvement of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in endometrial extracellular matrix turnover in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected recurrent spontaneous aborters.

Mechanism underlying Chlamydia trachomatis disease pathology is not completely understood. It was hypothesised that dysregulation of extracellular matrix by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) might be involved in sequelae of events leading to abortion in C. trachomatis-infected women.

Natural tibialization of fibula in non-union tibia: Two cases.

Background: Non-union of tibia is known to be a common complication after fracture both bones of leg treated conservatively. During the course of natural healing, fibula usually unites early as it had more soft tissue attachment and vascular supply. Due to early union of fibula and absence of axial force across the tibia, it undergoes non-union.