Up to 2.2 million people experiencing disability suffer collateral damage each day of COVID-19 lockdown in Europe.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a great impact on health services. Patients not receiving care due to closure of outpatient services suffer a collateral damage. Our aim was to provide first data on impact of COVID-19 on people experiencing disability in Europe.

LUMBAR SPINE SYNOVIAL CYST: A CASE SERIES REPORT AND REVIEW OF SURGICAL STRATEGIES.

Lumbar spine synovial cysts are benign growths adjoining the facet joints that may induce low back pain, lumbar radiculopathy and neurological deficit. However, they are not well defined concerning their origin, cause and pathology, as well as available treatment strategies. The scope of different surgical procedures includes image-guided epidural steroid injection, direct cyst puncture by percutaneous epidural needle, spinal canal decompression and cyst resection, and spinal bone fusion with/without instrumentation.

The Role of Emerging and Neglected Viruses in the Etiology of Hepatitis.

Purpose Of Review: In this review, we present the overview of emerging and neglected viruses associated with liver involvement.

Recent Findings: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) emerged in the last two decades, causing hepatitis in many parts of the world. Moreover, liver involvement was also described in some emerging arboviral infections.

Trilaciclib plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Background: Trilaciclib is an intravenous cell-cycle inhibitor that transiently maintains immune cells and haemopoietic stem and progenitor cells in G1 arrest. By protecting the immune cells and bone marrow from chemotherapy-induced damage, trilaciclib has the potential to optimise antitumour activity while minimising myelotoxicity. We report safety and activity data for trilaciclib plus gemcitabine and carboplatin chemotherapy in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Coexistence of genital lichen sclerosus and genital warts.

Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory, mucocutaneous disorder of the genital and extragenital skin. Anogenital warts are benign proliferative lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which is found in > 95% of lesions. We present two cases of the coexistence of LS and genital warts: one patient with and one without a previous history of genital warts.

Anesthetic Management of Jael Syndrome With Impacted Blade in Close Proximity to the Internal Carotid Artery: A Case Report.

A patient presented with a stab injury caused by a knife penetrating the orbital floor and maxillary sinus along the skull base with the tip situated adjacent to the left internal carotid artery. A flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope loaded with an endotracheal tube was initially positioned superior to the vocal cords and advanced into the trachea immediately following induction. The blade was removed after occluding endovascular balloons were positioned distal and proximal to the potential internal carotid artery injury site.

Rare Occurrence of Incidental Finding of Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclear Features in Hürthle Cell Adenoma.

Introduction: Hürthle cell adenoma is a rare benign lesion of the thyroid gland, however, controversies about its potential malignant behavior still remain. Among thyroid neoplasms, papillary carcinoma is the most common variant with great variety of histological subtypes demonstrating different biological behavior.

Aim: To raise the awareness of possible coexistence of these two lesions and discussion about possible therapeutic approaches.

Expression of plakophilin 3 in diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Diffuse malignant pleural mesothelioma (DMPM) is the most common primary malignant pleural neoplasm still posing major diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic challenges. Plakophilins are structural proteins considered to be important for cell stability and adhesion in both tumor and normal tissues. Plakophilin 3 is a protein present in desmosomes of stratified and simple epithelia of normal tissues with presence in malignant cells of various tumors where it participates in the process of tumorigenesis.

in the Endometrium of the Uterus: A Case Report.

is an intestinal nematode of humans and the most common helminth infection. Main transmission path is direct contact between infected and uninfected person meaning ingestion of the eggs. Human infections are usually asymptomatic or manifest as perianal itching.

Spinal Cord Stimulation in Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: Review of Clinical Use, Quality of Life and Cost-Effectiveness.

Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is complex and recurrent chronic pain after spinal surgery. Several important patient and surgery related risk factors play roles in development of FBSS. Inadequate selection of the candidates for the spinal surgeries is one of the most crucial causes.

A modified open intraperitoneal mesh (Garestin) technique for incisional ventral hernia repair.

Background/objective: Incisional hernias (IHs) are a major problem following abdominal surgery. In an effort to resolve large IHs adequately, we herein present our own modified "open intraperitoneal mesh" technique, termed the Garestin technique.

Methods: We analyzed early postoperative complications (EPCs; wound infection, hematoma, and seroma) and late postoperative complications (recurrence) in 124 patients operated for IHs and recurrent IHs (RIHs) using our new technique.

Subtypes and clinical significance of common bile duct varices in portal vein thrombosis: diagnosis and follow-up by Doppler US and EUS.

Purpose: To investigate (1) diagnostic performance of transabdominal color doppler ultrasound (US) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) for detection and sub-classification of common bile duct varices (CBDV) in patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT), and (2) clinical significance and natural history of CBDV subtypes.

Patients And Methods: During a 4-year period, 56 patients with PVT underwent US and EUS for the presence and subtypes of CBDV. Natural history was analyzed for patients who attended control visits.

Liver and spleen stiffness and their ratio assessed by real-time two dimensional-shear wave elastography in patients with liver fibrosis and cirrhosis due to chronic viral hepatitis.

Objectives: To investigate the performance of real-time 2D shear wave elastography (RT 2D-SWE) for non-invasive staging of liver disease in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH).

Materials And Methods: Naive CVH patients underwent liver (LS) and spleen stiffness (SS) measurements by an intercostal approach. Patients with ALT >3× upper limit of normal, cholestasis as revealed by dilated intrahepatic biliary tree, and liver congestion were excluded.

The effect of preemptive intravenous low-dose magnesium sulfate on early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

As an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, magnesium sulfate has analgesic properties and reduces noxious input during surgery. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of preemptive intravenous low-dose magnesium sulfate on early postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In this prospective, randomized study, 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were assigned to three groups (n = 20 each).

Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus in Croatia: demographic, clinical and laboratory features, and factors influencing time to diagnosis.

Objectives: Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) presents with diverse clinical features and often with non-classical symptoms that may delay diagnosis and increase risk of morbidity and mortality. This paper aims to analyse incidence, and clinical and laboratory features of cSLE in Croatia between 1991 and 2010, and to identify factors influencing time to diagnosis.

Results: Medical records at three university-based tertiary care centres were analysed retrospectively for 81 children with cSLE (68 girls).

Cathepsin D and its prognostic value in neuroepithelial brain tumors.

Expression of Cathepsin D (Cath D) in some primary neuroepithelial brain tumors and its prognostic value were studied. The research included 65 samples of human primary neuroepithelial brain tumors. There were 50 glial tumors (10 diffuse astrocytomas (DA), 15 anaplastic astrocytomas (AA), 25 glioblastomas (GB), 15 embryonic tumors (15 medulloblastomas (MB) as well as 5 samples of normal brain tissue.

Benign blue naevus of the lungs.

Blue naevus is a dark blue, gray or black lesion consisted of dermal melanocytes and usually found on face, scalp, or on the dorsum of hands and feet. Two well defined histologic and clinical variants, designated as "common" and "cellular", have been recognised. An unusual case of accidentally detected common blue naevus of the lungs has been reported.

A population-based prospective 24-month study of stroke: incidence and 30-day case-fatality rates of first-ever strokes in Croatia.

Background: In Central/Eastern European countries, cerebrovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality. We aimed to determine the incidence of first-ever stroke (FES) in the north-western part of Croatia.

Methods: A population-based prospective incidence study was conducted between July 1, 2007, and June 30, 2009.

Impact of the EpCAM expression on biochemical recurrence-free survival in clinically localized prostate cancer.

Background: The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that was originally identified as a marker for carcinoma, attributable to its high expression on rapidly proliferating tumors of epithelial origin. The role of EpCAM is not limited to cell adhesion but includes diverse processes such as signaling, cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation.

Objective: Several studies investigated EpCAM expression in prostate carcinoma but none of them confirmed its prognostic role.

Prognostic value of connexin43 expression in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer.

Connexins (Cxs) are a family of transmembrane proteins that build cell-to-cell channels in gap junctions. Gap junctions composed of Cxs have an essential role in intercellular communication, adhesion and cell differentiation. Several studies investigated the role of connexin43 (Cx43) in different carcinomas; however, none investigated its prognostic role in prostate cancer.

Aortic dissection presenting as crossed hemiparesis.

Introduction: Aortic dissection is frequently associated with ischemic stroke; however, a high clinical suspicion is necessary when the presentation is atypical.

Case Report: We present the atypical clinical picture of De Bakey type I (Stanford A) aortic dissection which presented as crossed hemiparesis in a 52-year-old previously healthy woman.

Conclusion: This case emphasizes the need for assessing pulsations of peripheral arteries on both arms and both legs in the context of acute stroke as this could lead to the diagnosis of acute aortic dissection.