Novel Administration Routes, Delivery Vectors, and Application of Vaccines Based on Biotechnologies: A Review.

Traditional vaccines can be classified into inactivated vaccines, live attenuated vaccines, and subunit vaccines given orally or via intramuscular (IM) injection or subcutaneous (SC) injection for the prevention of infectious diseases. Recently, recombinant protein vaccines, DNA vaccines, mRNA vaccines, and multiple/alternative administering route vaccines (e.g.

A Pilot Fuzzy System with Virtual Reality for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Assessment.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is when brain function declines. MCI is the gray area transitioning from normal aging to the AD stage. Currently, the majority of early MCI diagnoses are processed through comprehensive neuropsychological tests.

Human Error Analysis and Modeling of Medication-Related Adverse Events in Taiwan Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System and Logistic Regression.

Medical institutions worldwide strive to avoid adverse medical events, including adverse medication-related events. However, studies on the comprehensive analysis of medication-related adverse events are limited. Therefore, we aimed to identify the error factors contributing to medication-related adverse events using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) and to develop error models through logistic regression.

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(DL-lactide) Containing Fluorene Structures.

9,9-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-acryloyloxypropoxy)phenyl]fluorene (BPF) hydroxyl groups (-OH) were used as initiators in the ring-opening polymerization reaction with DL-lactide monomers at different molar ratios to synthesize a Poly(DL-lactide) polymer containing bisphenol fluorene structure and acrylate functional groups (DL-BPF). The polymer's structure and molecular weight range were analyzed using NMR (H, C) and gel permeation chromatography. DL-BPF was then subjected to photocrosslinking using the photoinitiator Omnirad 1173, resulting in the formation of an optically transparent crosslinked polymer.

Query-based-learning mortality-related decoders for the developed island economy.

Search volumes from Google Trends over clear-defined temporal and spatial scales were reported beneficial in predicting influenza or disease outbreak. Recent studies showed Wiener Model shares merits of interpretability, implementation, and adaptation to nonlinear fluctuation in terms of real-time decoding. Previous work reported Google Trends effectively predicts death-related trends for the continent economy, yet whether it applies to the island economy is unclear.

PR-619, a General Inhibitor of Deubiquitylating Enzymes, Diminishes Cisplatin Resistance in Urothelial Carcinoma Cells through the Suppression of c-Myc: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC). Most patients experience chemoresistance, the primary cause of treatment failure, which leads to disease relapse. The underlying mechanism of chemoresistance involves reduced apoptosis.

A Pilot Tool of the Virtual Scenario Initial Dementia Cognitive Screening (VSIDCS) with a Cultural Exhibition for Improving the Standard Traditional Test.

Dementia has become a serious global health problem for older people. In the past, primary screening for dementia was carried out by a paper test. These standard traditional tests (e.

The effect of the electronic platform of menopausal health screen system and counseling intervention on the empowerment of menopausal women: a quasi-experimental study.

This article explores the efficacy of the electronic platform of menopausal health screen system (EPMHSS) and counseling intervention on the empowerment of menopausal women, seventy four participants were randomly assigned to this study. The intervention group significantly relieved menopausal disturbance, reduced uncertainty, increased health behaviors, and decreased waist circumference after the fourth and eighth week compared with the control group. Our results proved that EPMHSS and counseling would help menopausal women to become more aware of their health, as a result, effectively empowered themselves to take actions for improving their health.

The Impact of a Flipped Classroom on the Creativity of Students in a Cake Decorating Art Club.

This study explored the effect of learning strategies in a student organization on cake art creativity. The participants were 27 student members of a cake decorating art club from one central university in Taiwan. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design was adopted, with 90 h of experimental teaching over 16 weeks.

Prevalence of symptoms and associated factors across menopause status in Taiwanese women.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of symptoms and associated factors in Taiwanese women calling a menopause hotline.

Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive, epidemiological study was performed on 20,882 women aged 40 to 89 years registered in the menopause consultation database of the nationwide toll-free consultation hotline for menopause-related issues from January 2006 to December 2016. The data included demography, sources of menopausal health care, and menopause/midlife symptoms scale.

Properties and degradation of castor oil-based fluoridated biopolyurethanes with different lengths of fluorinated segments.

To develop a durable, biodegradable polymer, this study successfully synthesized a castor-oil-based prepolymer by using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate as a hard segment, polycaprolactone as a soft segment, and castor oil as a functional monomer. We added perfluorinated alkyl segments with varying chain lengths into the castor-oil-based polymer to synthesize castor-oil-based fluoridated biopolyurethanes (FCOPUs) with different fluorinated segment lengths. The castor-oil-based polyurethanes with different fluorinated segment lengths had similar molecular weights, which enabled accurate analysis of the effect of the lengths of fluorinated segments on FCOPUs.

DPPH scavenging capacity of extracts from seed dregs using polyol compounds as solvents.

This study investigated the properties of extracts of Abel seed dregs, which were extracted using polyol compounds. Solvents employed to extract the seed dregs included water, methanol, ethanol, and polyol compounds. The examined properties included ultraviolet (UV) absorbance, total polyphenol content, total flavonoid content, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging efficiency as an antioxidant ability.

Ranking DMUs by Combining Cross-Efficiency Scores Based on Shannon's Entropy.

Cross-efficiency evaluation is an effective approach for ranking decision-making units (DMUs), and there exist different perspectives from different cross-efficiency evaluation models. However, efficiency ranking results derived from cross-efficiency models may not be the same, and these models may provide some precious information that we cannot ignore. In this case, it may not be easy for one to decide which method should be used in some underlying assumptions, and we need several cross-efficiency evaluation models to measure simultaneously the cross-efficiency scores of DMUs.

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Polyurethanes Containing Long-Segment Fluorinated Chain Extenders.

In this study, novel biodegradable long-segment fluorine-containing polyurethane (PU) was synthesized using 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and 1H,1H,10H,10H-perfluor-1,10-decanediol (PFD) as hard segment, and polycaprolactone diol (PCL) as a biodegradable soft segment. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to perform ¹H NMR, F NMR, F⁻F COSY, ¹H⁻F COSY, and HMBC analyses on the PFD/PU structures. The results, together with those from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), verified that the PFD/PUs had been successfully synthesized.

Pure exciplex-based white organic light-emitting diodes with imitation daylight emissions.

An exciplex could be formed by blending a selected hole-transporting material (HTM)/electron-transporting material (ETM) pair, and the corresponding energy band gap is roughly determined by the energy difference between the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the ETM and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of the HTM. In this study, three HTM/ETM combinations are adopted to generate blue, green, and red exciplexes, allowing us to design precise device architectures for the fabrication of exciplex-based white OLEDs (WOLEDs) with daylight-like emissions. The CIE coordinates of this WOLED varied close to the Planckian locus as the biases increase, with a high color rendering index of about 96.

Novel Neovaginoplasty Using Rudimentary Uterine Horn Serosa and Pelvic Peritoneum as a Graft in Müllerian Anomalies with Vaginal Agenesis.

Study Objective: To study the outcome of a novel method of laparoscopic neovaginal reconstruction using rudimentary uterine horn serosa and the pelvic peritoneum as a graft.

Design: Canadian Task Force classification II-1.

Setting: A university hospital.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Active Substrate Prepared with New Plasmon-Activated Water.

Conventionally, reactions in aqueous solutions are prepared using deionized (DI) water, the properties of which are related to inert "bulk water" comprising a tetrahedral hydrogen-bonded network. In this work, we demonstrate the distinguished benefits of using in situ plasmon-activated water (PAW) with reduced hydrogen bonds instead of DI water in electrochemical reactions, which generally are governed by diffusion and kinetic controls. Compared with DI water-based systems, the diffusion coefficient and the electron-transfer rate constant of KFe(CN) in PAW in situ can be increased by ca.

Surgical and survival outcomes of laparoscopic staging surgery for patients with stage I ovarian cancer.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and survival outcomes of laparoscopic staging for patients with stage I ovarian cancer.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic staging surgery for stage I ovarian cancer from January 2002 to December 2014 were evaluated retrospectively by chart review.

Results: Twenty-four patients with mean age 43.

Implicit and explicit iterative algorithms for hierarchical variational inequality in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.

The purpose of this paper is to solve the hierarchical variational inequality with the constraint of a general system of variational inequalities in a uniformly convex and 2-uniformly smooth Banach space. We introduce implicit and explicit iterative algorithms which converge strongly to a unique solution of the hierarchical variational inequality problem. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results announced by some authors.

Designing primers and evaluation of the efficiency of propidium monoazide - Quantitative polymerase chain reaction for counting the viable cells of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus salivarius.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of using propidium monoazide (PMA) real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to count the viable cells of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus salivarius in probiotic products. Based on the internal transcription spacer and 23S rRNA genes, two primer sets specific for these two Lactobacillus species were designed. For a probiotic product, the total deMan Rogosa Sharpe plate count was 8.

Surface Modification of Poly(lactic acid) Fabrics with Plasma Pretreatment and Chitosan/Siloxane Polyesters Coating for Color Strength Improvement.

As people in the 21st century become increasingly environmentally aware, environmentally friendly products have come into focus. As such, environmentally friendly textiles and eco-textiles have become an international trend in research and development. Poly(lactic acid) fiber, which is biodegradable, holds much promise, but it is difficult to deep dye.

Saccharide-derived microporous spherical biochar prepared from hydrothermal carbonization and different pyrolysis temperatures: synthesis, characterization, and application in water treatment.

Three saccharides (glucose, sucrose, and xylose) were used as pure precursors for synthesizing spherical biochars (GB, SB, and XB), respectively. The two-stage synthesis process comprised: (1) the hydrothermal carbonization of saccharides to produce spherical hydrochar' and (2) pyrolysis of the hydrochar at different temperatures from 300°C to 1200°C. The results demonstrated that the pyrolysis temperatures insignificantly affected the spherical morphology and surface chemistry of biochar.

Contribution of upper limb muscles to two different gripping styles in elite indoor tug of war athletes.

To investigate characteristic upper limb muscle use between two common tug of war (TOW) gripping styles, 20 elite athletes from two high school TOW teams were recruited. Under conditioned attack pulling (with 90% maximal force) on a tug machine, participants used their own habitual gripping style to pull for five 15-s trials. Force and kinematic measurements showed a significantly better force performance and higher centre-of-gravity tilting angle with the gripping style one than with the gripping style two (GS2) (both p < 0.

[Developing and Verifying the Validity and Reliability of the Electronic Menopausal Health Screen System].

Background: Menopausal women are in a transitional phase between health and sickness. Although the highest standards of menopausal care include clinical assessment and patient education on menopausal symptoms, current practices lack integrated care that aim to prevent chronic diseases for which menopause is a predisposing factor.

Purpose: To integrate menopausal disturbances; to evaluate the risk factors for osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes; and to create a reliable and effective electronic menopausal health screen system (EMHSS).