Epigenetic Aging Is Associated With Measures of Midlife Muscle Volume and Attenuation in CARDIA Study.

Background: GrimAge acceleration (GAA), an epigenetic marker that represents physiologic aging, is associated with age-related diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, the associations between GAA and muscle mass and function are unknown.

Methods: We estimated measures of GAA in 1 118 Black and White participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study at exam years (Y) 15 (2000-2001) and 20 (2005-2006).

Recent Advances in Melanoma Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Machine Learning Methods.

Purpose Of Review: The purpose was to summarize the current role and state of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the diagnosis and management of melanoma.

Recent Findings: Deep learning algorithms can identify melanoma from clinical, dermoscopic, and whole slide pathology images with increasing accuracy. Efforts to provide more granular annotation to datasets and to identify new predictors are ongoing.

The Association of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors With Delirium in Critically Ill Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the Bringing to Light the Risk Factors and Incidence of Neuropsychologic Dysfunction in ICU Survivors ICU Study.

Objectives: To assess the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and delirium in the subsequent 24 hours after drug administration in critically ill adults.

Design: Retrospective cohort study utilizing the Bringing to Light the Risk Factors and Incidence of Neuropsychologic Dysfunction in ICU Survivors dataset.

Setting: Two large U.

The My Diabetes Care Patient Portal Intervention: Usability and Pre-Post Assessment.

Background: My Diabetes Care (MDC) is a novel, multifaceted patient portal intervention designed to help patients better understand their diabetes health data and support self-management. MDC uses infographics to visualize and summarize patients' diabetes health data, incorporates motivational strategies, and provides literacy level-appropriate educational resources.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the usability, acceptability, perceptions, and potential impact of MDC.

Association of smoking with abdominal adipose deposition and muscle composition in Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) participants at mid-life: A population-based cohort study.

Background: Smokers have lower risk of obesity, which some consider a "beneficial" side effect of smoking. However, some studies suggest that smoking is simultaneously associated with higher central adiposity and, more specifically, ectopic adipose deposition. Little is known about the association of smoking with intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), an ectopic adipose depot associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and a key determinant of muscle quality and function.

Using community-engaged methods to adapt virtual reality job-interview training for transition-age youth on the autism spectrum.

Background: Virtual Reality Job-Interview Training (VR-JIT) is an efficacious Internet-based intervention for adults with severe mental illness (SMI). Evaluations of VR-JIT have shown improved interview skill and access to employment in several cohorts of adults with SMI and with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). VR-JIT trains participants how to fill out job applications and handle job interviews through e-learning content and applied practice.

Prediagnostic Level of Dietary and Urinary Isoflavonoids in Relation to Risk of Liver Cancer in Shanghai, China.

Background: No epidemiologic studies have directly assessed the association between dietary and urinary isoflavonoids and risk of liver cancer in humans.

Methods: A nested case-control study, including 217 incident cases of liver cancer and 427 individually matched control subjects, was conducted in Shanghai, China. Dietary isoflavonoid intakes were assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire and the Chinese Food Composition Tables.

Pre-diagnostic urinary 15-F -isoprostane level and liver cancer risk: Results from the Shanghai Women's and Men's Health Studies.

Oxidative stress has been hypothesized to affect cancer development via various mechanisms, but the evidence from human is limited and inconclusive. 15-F -isoprostane (15-F -IsoP) is an accurate marker of oxidative stress in humans. Recent studies showed that the evidence of urinary 15-F -IsoP level correlating cancer risk is conflicting.

Dietary Glycemic Load, Glycemic Index, and Carbohydrate Intake on the Risk of Lung Cancer among Men and Women in Shanghai.

To investigate the potential influence of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, or carbohydrate intake and lung cancer risk in Shanghai. We prospectively investigated the associations among 130,858 participants in the Shanghai Women's and Men's Health Studies. Diet was assessed using validated food-frequency questionnaires.

Individual and combined effects of hepatitis B surface antigen level and viral load on liver cancer risk.

Background: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and viral load are both hallmarks of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and have potential to stratify liver cancer risk.

Methods: We carried out a nested case-control study including 211 liver cancer cases and 221 controls who were seropositive for HBsAg within two population-based cohorts in Shanghai. Logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Smoking and red blood cell phospholipid membrane fatty acids.

Smoking is associated with lower n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) concentrations; however, limited studies have accounted for dietary PUFA intake or whether tobacco dose or smoking duration influences this association. We measured red blood cell phospholipid (RBC) membrane concentrations of fatty acids in 126 current smokers, 311 former smokers, and 461 never smokers using gas liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Smokers had lower RBC membrane percentages of total n-3 LCPUFAs compared to former smokers or never smokers (median percent: 5.

Epidemiology of Multimorbidity in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Disease.

Multimorbidity is the most significant condition affecting older adults, and it impacts every component of health care management and delivery. Multimorbidity significantly increases with age. For individuals with a diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, multimorbidity has a significant effect on the presentation of the disease and the diagnosis, management, and patient-centered preferences in care.

Osteomyelitis of the pubic symphysis in athletes: a case report and literature review.

Groin pain is a common problem in athletes. Osteitis pubis, a chronic inflammatory condition involving the pubic symphysis, is a rare cause, and pyogenic osteomyelitis of the pubis is seen even more rarely in healthy athletes. We report one of four cases of pyogenic osteomyelitis of the pubis seen at our institution, review our experience with all four cases, and present a review of the literature (7 cases).