Student ethnicity predicts social learning experiences, self-regulatory focus and grades.

Context: Ethnic minority students find that their ethnicity negatively affects the evaluation of their capacities and their feelings in medical school. This study tests whether ethnic minority and majority students differ in their 'self-regulatory focus' in clinical training, that is, their ways to approach goals, due to differences in social learning experiences. Self-regulatory focus consists of a promotion and prevention focus.

Prediction of Behavioral Improvement Through Resting-State Electroencephalography and Clinical Severity in a Randomized Controlled Trial Testing Bumetanide in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Mechanism-based treatments such as bumetanide are being repurposed for autism spectrum disorder. We recently reported beneficial effects on repetitive behavioral symptoms that might be related to regulating excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance in the brain. Here, we tested the neurophysiological effects of bumetanide and the relationship to clinical outcome variability and investigated the potential for machine learning-based predictions of meaningful clinical improvement.

Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in the Absence of Clinical Disease in Cattle and Buffalo in South East Asia.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is widespread throughout much of the world, including parts of South East Asia. Surveillance is often limited in endemic areas, relying predominantly on passive outbreak reporting. As part of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)'s South East Asia and China Foot-and-Mouth Disease Project (SEACFMD), field sampling was performed to help understand evidence of widespread virus exposure observed in previous studies.

Amazon tree dominance across forest strata.

The forests of Amazonia are among the most biodiverse plant communities on Earth. Given the immediate threats posed by climate and land-use change, an improved understanding of how this extraordinary biodiversity is spatially organized is urgently required to develop effective conservation strategies. Most Amazonian tree species are extremely rare but a few are common across the region.

The development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography method to determine the radiochemical purity of [Lu]Lu-HA-DOTA-TATE in pharmaceutical preparations.

Lutetium-177 [Lu] tetra-azacyclododecanetetra-acetic acid [DOTA]-(Tyr3)-octreotate [TATE] ([Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) is a radiopeptide used for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). This radiopeptide is made by labelling the ligand octreotate with Lutetium-177 using the linker DOTA. After labelling, and before clinical application quality control of the radiopeptide is needed and the radiochemical purity is assessed.

Analysis of historical changes in traditional Chinese medicine based on an Indonesian collection of Chinese materia medica from c. 1870.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Traditional Chinese Medicine is subject to changes over time: product names, botanical ingredients, processing methods and uses have varied throughout the course of history. Historic collections of Chinese materia medica (CMM) are of great value for research on the evolvement, development and variability of Chinese herbal medicine over time. These changes may have a significant influence on the safety and efficiency of nowadays' clinical practice.

Effects of chronotherapy on circadian rhythm and ADHD symptoms in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and delayed sleep phase syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.

The majority of adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have a delayed circadian rhythm that is a characteristic of Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS). Treatment of DSPS may improve both the circadian rhythm and ADHD symptoms. In this three-armed randomized clinical trial, 51 adults (18-55 y) with ADHD and DSPS received sleep education and 3 weeks of (1) 0.

Urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction in patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer: A nationwide observational study.

Background: Although urinary adverse events after treatment of prostate cancer (CaP) are common, population-based studies on functional outcomes are scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence of urinary incontinence (UI) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in daily clinical practice using a nationwide Dutch cohort of patients with localized or locally advanced CaP.

Basic Procedures: Patients were invited to complete the EPIC-26 questionnaire before treatment (baseline) and at 12 and 24 months after diagnosis.

Combined impact of ADHD and insomnia symptoms on quality of life, productivity, and health care use in the general population.

Background: Both attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and insomnia have been independently related to poorer quality of life (QoL), productivity loss, and increased health care use, although most previous studies did not take the many possible comorbidities into account. Moreover, ADHD and insomnia often co-occur. Symptoms of ADHD and insomnia together may have even stronger negative effects than they do separately.

Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora.

Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity.

Framework for Managing the COVID-19 Infodemic: Methods and Results of an Online, Crowdsourced WHO Technical Consultation.

Background: An infodemic is an overabundance of information-some accurate and some not-that occurs during an epidemic. In a similar manner to an epidemic, it spreads between humans via digital and physical information systems. It makes it hard for people to find trustworthy sources and reliable guidance when they need it.

The Association Between High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin, Ghrelin and Leptin and Age-Related Cognitive Decline: Results From Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam.

Background: Age-related cognitive decline has large-scale functional and economic consequences and understanding its' pathophysiological mechanisms is therefore essential. Previous research has suggested associations between hormones adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin and neurodegenerative disease. However, their association with age-related cognitive decline has not been fully described.

Marcgrave and Piso's plants for sale: The presence of plant species and names from the Historia Naturalis Brasiliae (1648) in contemporary Brazilian markets.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Parallelisms between current and historical medicinal practices as described in the seventeenth century treatise Historia Naturalis Brasiliae (HNB) provide us with an overview of traditional plant knowledge transformations. Local markets reflect the actual plant use in urban and rural surroundings, allowing us to trace cross-century similarities of ethnobotanical knowledge.

Aims Of The Study: We aim to verify in how far the HNB, created in seventeenth-century northeastern Brazil, correlates with contemporary plant use in the country by comparing the plant knowledge therein with recent plant market surveys at national level.

Automated synthesis and quality control of [Tc]Tc-PSMA for radioguided surgery (in a [Ga]Ga-PSMA workflow).

Background: Lymph node dissection is a therapeutic option for prostate cancer patients with a high risk of- or proven lymph node metastases. Radioguided surgery after intravenous injection of [Tc]Tc-PSMA could improve the selectivity of lymph node dissection. The aim of this project was to develop an automated synthesis method for [Tc]Tc-PSMA, using the disposables and chemicals used at our institute for [Ga]Ga-PSMA labeling.

Systematic Review of Development and Content Validity of Patient-reported Outcome Measures in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Do We Measure What We Measure?

Background And Aims: Patient-reported outcome measures are increasingly important in daily care and research in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This study provides an overview of the content and content validity of IBD-specific patient-reported outcome measures on three selected constructs.

Methods: Databases were searched up to May 2019 for development and/or content validity studies on IBD-specific self-report measures on health-related quality of life, disability, and self-report disease activity in adults.

A comparative study of aged and contemporary Chinese herbal materials by using delayed luminescence technique.

Background: Investigation of aged Chinese herbal materials will help us to understand their use and sources in ancient time and broaden the historical perspective of Chinese material medica. To reach this aim, the basic understanding of aged herbal materials, including physical and chemical characters, is of great importance. Delayed luminescence (DL) technique was developed as a rapid, direct, systemic, objective and sample loss-free tool to characterize the properties of Chinese herbal materials.

DNA barcoding augments conventional methods for identification of medicinal plant species traded at Tanzanian markets.

Ethnopharmalogical Relevance: In Africa, traditional medicine is important for local healthcare and plants used for these purposes are commonly traded. Identifying medicinal plants sold on markets is challenging, as leaves, barks and roots are often fragmented or powdered. Vernacular names are often homonymic, and identification of material lacking sufficient morphological characters is time-consuming, season-dependent and might lead to incorrect assessments of commercialised species diversity.

Variation in the Prescription of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Intermediate- and High-risk Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy in the Netherlands, and Adherence to European Association of Urology Guidelines: A Population-based Study.

Background: According to (inter-)national guidelines, (neo-)adjuvant and concurrent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in combination with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is optional for intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients and is the recommended standard treatment for high-risk PCa patients.

Objective: The aim of this study is to provide insight into the prescription of ADT in intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients treated with EBRT in the Netherlands, and to evaluate adherence to European Association of Urology guidelines and factors affecting prescription.

Design, Setting, And Participants: All intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients between October 2015 and April 2016 were identified through the population-based Netherlands Cancer Registry.

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions.

Breaking the silence of the 500-year-old smiling garden of everlasting flowers: The En Tibi book herbarium.

We reveal the enigmatic origin of one of the earliest surviving botanical collections. The 16th-century Italian En Tibi herbarium is a large, luxurious book with c. 500 dried plants, made in the Renaissance scholarly circles that developed botany as a distinct discipline.

Bodies of the plant and Animal Kingdom: An illustrated manuscript on materia medica in the Netherlands (ca. 1800).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Around 1800, Amsterdam was a global trade hub for materia medica of Dutch, European and exotic origin. Contemporary knowledge on medicinal plants in academic circles has been well documented in local pharmacopoeia, illustrated herbals and catalogues of botanic gardens. Until the end of the ancient regime, physicians, surgeons and apothecaries were trained how to use plants in their specific guild or Collegium Medicum.

Prostate Radiotherapy for Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer: A STOPCAP Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Many trials are evaluating therapies for men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).

Objective: To systematically review trials of prostate radiotherapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Using a prospective framework (framework for adaptive meta-analysis [FAME]), we prespecified methods before any trial results were known.